Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pasteurellosis in the rabbit inoculated with a malignant variant of Shope fibroma virus (SFV-MV) is presented as a model for the study of immunosuppression and immunoprophylaxis in pasteurellosis. The rabbits, before the inoculation, were healthy carriers of Pasteurella multocida. They were intradermally inoculated with SFV-MV, and 3 to 6 days later, a primary tumor appeared at the site of inoculation. By postinoculation day (PID) 7 or 8, the rabbits had snuffles, conjunctivitis, and tumor metastases; death occurred on PID 10 to 14. Rabbits given the nonmalignant Patuxent strain of SFV developed local primary tumors, but not pasteurellosis nor metastases. In SFV-MV-inoculated rabbits, there was decreased responsiveness of spleen lymphocytes to B and T cell mitogens by day 6, and of spleen and peripheral blood lymphocytes by day 10. In addition, SFV-MV antigen was detected (by immunofluorescence) in mononuclear phagocytes in all major organs and in epithelial cells of the conjunctiva and nasal mucosa. Both nasal and conjunctival epithelia showed squamous metaplasia as well. These changes did not appear in SFV-infected rabbits. With SFV-MV-inoculated rabbits, we obtained partial protection against pasteurellosis by immunization with heat-killed P multocida or a cross-protective core lipopolysaccharide mutant of Escherichia coli (J5). Rabbits were immunized before the inoculation with SFV-MV which precipitated "spontaneous" pasteurellosis due to impaired defenses. Rabbits immunized with J5 or P multocida had less severe conjunctivitis and snuffles than nonimmunized controls, indicating that immunization with the J5 mutant may be useful as prophylaxis against pasteurellosis in compromised hosts.
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PMID:Immunity to pasteurellosis in compromised rabbits. 630 88

Intermittent cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea occurred in a 34-year-old male with a papilloma of the choroid plexus in the fourth ventricle. Surgical removal of the tumor preceded plastic repair of the frontonasal fistula. I report an observation 28 years after operation.
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PMID:Choroid plexus papilloma with cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea. 649 70

A 28-year-old man was admitted to the Kyushu University Hospital with an episode of severe headache. When driving a car, he suddenly developed severe headache and this was followed by nausea and vomiting. he had been quite well except for slightly decreased libido before this episode. On admission, he showed galactorrhea. The pubic and axillary hairs appeared normal and the development of the external genital organs seemed normal. However, the movement of the sperma was decreased. Ophthalmologic examination was negative. Endocrinological studies revealed hyperprolactinemia of 697 ng/ml, and the serum prolactin level was suppressed by bromocriptine and L-DOPA loading test. The serum testosterone level was 282 ng/dl. Growth hormone and gonadotropin levels were normal. Plain films of the skull and tomograms of the sella showed double floor and slight ballooning. CT scan showed an isodensity mass in and above the sella, and this mass was slightly enhanced with contrast media. The suprasellar extension was better demonstrated by metrizamide cisternography and CT. The diagnosis of prolactinoma was made, and a radical removal of the tumor was done through the transsphenoidal route. During surgery, dark reddish fluid was aspirated in an amount of 1.8 ml. Histologically the tumor was chromophobe adenoma, and immunohistochemical stain revealed prolactin granules in the majority of the tumor cells. Postoperative serum prolactin level decreased to 150 ng/ml and finally returned to normal by administration of 2.5 mg of bromocriptine. The serum testosterone level was slightly elevated. The movement of the sperma showed no improvement. There were no postoperative complications such as hypopituitarism and CSF rhinorrhea. The usefulness of combination therapy of operation and medication with bromocriptine was suggested.
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PMID:[A case of prolactinoma with galactorrhea in man]. 654 Mar 73

The authors reported a case of pneumocephalus induced by bromocriptine (Bc) treatment for a recurrent invasive prolactinoma. The patient was a 38-year old man, who had been treated for 12 years, with three times of craniotomies and two times of irradiation therapies. CT scan showed the recurrence of the tumor, which extended into bilateral middle fossa, left orbit and left cerebellopontine angle. Serum prolactin levels elevated to 35,200 ng/ml. Then Bc was administered in a dose of 5 mg/day. Serum PRL concentration fell to 2,090 ng/ml one month after the initiation of the treatment, when he complained of headache, nausea and vomiting. Since these symptoms were considered as the side effects of Bc, the dose was reduced to 2.5 mg/day. Three weeks later, plain craniograms showed marked pneumocephalus, while no tumor was found on CT scan. The administration of Bc was stopped and he was prescribed a complete rest for a month. The air was collected again when he began to walk around. Therefore, the transsphenoidal operation was performed in order to pack the sella turcica and sphenoid sinus with muscle pieces. Since the pneumocephalus could not be cured, the muscle, taken from the thigh, was spread throughout the left middle fossa by the front-temporal craniotomy. When Bc reduces the size of the invasive prolactinomas, the intra- and extra-cranial spaces may be communicated. The greatest care should be taken for pneumocephalus, CSF rhinorrhea and/or meningitis during the Bc treatment of prolactinomas.
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PMID:[Pneumocephalus induced by bromocriptine treatment in male prolactinoma--a case report]. 666 17

A 51-year-old woman complained of intermittent nasal obstruction and rhinorrhea. Sinus roentgenograms and polytomograms revealed a small mucocele of the right sphenoid sinus. There was no encroachment of the orbital apex or intracranial contents. The mucocele was marsupialized via an external ethmoidectomy, and the scant tissue present inside the sinus was examined histologically. The pathologic diagnosis was hemangiopericytoma. The small tumor had apparently originated at the sinus ostium, thus creating the mucocele. Several months postoperatively, a small, vascular tumor nodule was noted in the incision. No recurrence was evident intranasally. A course of 5,040 rads of external beam radiation therapy was given to the right ethmoid labyrinth and right sphenoid. Since completing her radiation therapy, there has been no recurrence. This case is of interest because the tumor occurred as a mucocele of the sphenoid sinus.
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PMID:Hemangiopericytoma of the sphenoid sinus. 679 94

In 44 consecutive patients with sellar volume larger than 1100 mm3, computer tomography showed that 20 had an empty or partly empty sella. None had radiological evidence of a suprasellar tumor. 10 of the 20 patients had experienced episodes with acute neurological symptoms presumably reflecting a pituitary apoplexy. It is suggested that an unknown proportion of intrasellar adenomas may disappear as a result of an infarction, which may comprise the entire adenoma or part of it--leaving an empty or partly empty sella as diagnosed by computer tomography. Air encephalography will demonstrate the empty sella only if the diaphragmatic aperture is large enough to allow cisternal herniation. The infarction may present clinically with no, slight or severe acute neurological symptoms. Late consequences of a pituitary adenoma infarction may be rhinorrhea or hydrocephalus.
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PMID:The empty sella and pituitary adenomas. A theory on the causal relationship. 711 82

The majority of invasive prolactinomas can be predicted with a high probability if the preoperative prolactin level is above 2000 ng/ml. As these tumors cannot be extirpated radically, adjunctive radiation therapy is used to improve the results of treatment. On the basis of reports that bromocriptine induces tumor shrinkage and has an antimitotic effect, we combined adjunctive irradiation with bromocriptine therapy in 14 patients who had particularly extensive invasion. Two of these patients developed cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea 3 and 5 months, respectively, after the completion of radiation therapy. In both patients, the fistula was localized in the sellar region and was closed successfully. Rapid tumor shrinkage caused by irradiation combined with bromocriptine therapy may be a factor causing this complication; postoperative rhinorrhea is otherwise extremely rare in our surgical series. We also observed a third patient who did not have an operation, but who developed rhinorrhea after a course of irradiation and bromocriptine treatment. The periods of rhinorrhea coincided with periods of bromocriptine treatment.
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PMID:Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea: a complication of therapy for invasive prolactinomas. 713 56

Nasal glioma is a developmental abnormality of neurogenic origin with o malignant potential. An intranasal mass requires careful rhinologic and occassionally ophthalmologic, neurologic, and roentgenologic examinations. With a bony defect, pneumoencephalography, angiography, or computerized tomography may be helpful. In such cases, a neurosurgeon should be available at the time of biopsy. Biopsy is necessary for establishing a histopathologic diagnosis. Aspiration of the tumor with a needle or incisional biopsy may yield inconclusive findings and may be associated with CSF rhinorrhea and meningitis, especially if there is an intracranial connection. With adequate initial removal, excisional biopsy usually offers complete cure. A frontal craniotomy approach is preferred for those patients who have nasal glioma with an intracranial connection, CSF rhinorrhea, or recurrent episodes of meningitis. With no evidence of an intracranial connection, a conservative extracranial approach is recommended.
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PMID:Nasal gliomas. 740 59

A 16-year-old male with cerebellar astrocytoma and a 29-year-old male with convexity meningioma, both complicated by hydrocephalus, developed pneumocephalus following tumor removal and shunt emplacement. Both patients underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunt emplacement and total tumor removal, and were discharged from hospital in good condition. After 1 year or 10 months, respectively, pneumocephalus and porencephalic cysts in the temporal lobes developed. Since neuroradiological examination could not locate the bone defects in the skull base, the dura mater covering the anterior cranial fossa was repaired. Fistulae were observed in the cribriform plate in both patients. Postoperatively, one patient showed persistent cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea. Intratympanic cerebrospinal fluid retention was demonstrated by tympanic puncture ipsilateral to a porencephalic cyst. The other patient again developed pneumocephalus. Magnetic resonance imaging indicated that the base of the porencephalic cyst was in contact with the tegmen tympani. The dura mater covering the floor of the middle cranial fossa was repaired in both patients, and the symptoms ameliorated. The bone defects in the skull base were apparently deeply involved in the development of the porencephalic cysts, indicating that such cysts provide useful information for locating cranial bone defects.
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PMID:Brain tumors complicated by pneumocephalus following cerebrospinal fluid shunting--two case reports. 751 46

A modification of the transbasal approach of Dorome called extensive subfrontal approach and the surgical results with this approach in 22 cases are presented. Bilateral frontal craniotomies incorporated with the removal of orbital ridges and part of the orbital roofs were fashioned en bloc. It may give rise to good exposure of the midline lesions of the anterior, middle and posterior skull base, minimizing the need for the retraction of frontal lobes. There was no surgical mortality in this series of cases. Of the 20 cases with tumors, total resections were achieved in 11 cases, subtotal or large resections in 4 cases and partial resection in one case. Two patients with spontaneous rhinorrhea were successively treated surgically. 21 patients had a follow-up with a time ranging from 1-11 years (a mean of 3 years). 15 patients resumed their jobs with no evidence of recurrence of the original disease, and 5 patients able to live self-care. One patient with an olfactory neuroblastoma died 3 years after the operation owing to relapse of the tumor.
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PMID:An extensive subfrontal approach to the lesions involving the skull base. 755 48


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