Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of convoluted cell lymphoblastic lymphoma in a 4 year old male is reported. Initially the patient presented with respiratory distress which led to the diagnosis of left pleural effusion. Neither several thoracenteses, nor the insertion of the chest tube were able to reduce the effusion, and in the meantime a pericardial effusion was observed. After two pericardiocenteses were unsuccessful, pericardiotomy was performed and an extensive invasion of pericardium, pleurae, mediastinum and diaphragm was demonstrated. The child died 48 hours later and the hystological diagnosis was of convoluted cell lymphoblastic lymphoma. The possibility of a neoplastic disease should be considered when such a contrast, between an insidious beginning with negative laboratory studies and the presence of an extremely severe clinical picture, not modified by treatment, is present. Early diagnosis and specific treatment are the only possibilities for survival.
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PMID:[Convoluted-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma in children: a clinical case]. 689 85

The use of liposomes has recently been the subject of considerable attention as a promising and versatile approach to drug delivery. Particularly intriguing is the possibility of targeting liposomes to specific areas of the body such as tumors or sites of inflammation or parasitic invasion for either local accumulation or release of associated drugs. This review focuses mainly on recent in vivo work having clinical potential. An extensive discussion of liposome preparation and entrapment of drugs for controlled release in vivo is also included. The stability of liposomes in biological fluids is a major problem. The mode of administration, either intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, local, oral, or respiratory, is closely related to the life of the liposomes in vivo. Following in vivo administration the lifetime of a liposome is critically dependent on its composition, size, and charge. Liposome toxicity appears to be minimal, but should be considered when administering liposomes to patients. Tissues such as the liver, spleen, and lungs, because of macrophage ingestion of liposomes, become potential sites of drug toxicity. The use of liposomes to deliver antiparasitic drugs in the treatment of malaria and leishmaniasis is promoting; so it is the use of surfactant-carrying liposomes in the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in premature babies. Recent cancer studies utilizing liposomes both in vivo and in vitro have shown promise. In tumor-bearing animals a liposome drug delivery system has caused a regression, delayed tumor growth, and increased survival time. Although the clinical use of liposomes is only in its infancy, its potential in future therapy appears promising.
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PMID:Clinical prospects for liposomes. 704 23

From March 1973 to December 1981 embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the orbit was diagnosed in 5 children. In two children exenteration was done after a previous local radiotherapy. In one child the exenteration of the orbit was done after a primary chemo- and radiotherapy because of local progression of the tumor. In two children the exenteration was avoidable by this therapy. In four of these five children this was followed by vincristine, actinomycin D and cyclophosphamide for 16 to 24 months. After the diagnosis these four children survived until now from 3 1/2 to more than 8 years. They are free of treatment and free of disease. Seven months after diagnosis one child died with an acute respiratory distress syndrome (at post mortem: hyaline membranes). In patients with rhabdomyosarcoma of the orbit it is justified to avoid the mutilating exenteration by primary chemotherapy followed by irradiation of the reduced manner. If exenteration becomes subsequently necessary the chance for survival is not diminished in our opinion.
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PMID:[Treatment of orbital rhabdomyosarcoma (author's transl)]. 709 86

Cervicomediastinal cystic hygroma has long been recognized as a serious cause of respiratory distress in infancy. This report describes the management of ten infants and children with large cervicomediastinal hygromas. Ages ranged from the newborn to 4 years (average 18.4 months). Six were boys and four were girls. Eight presented with respiratory distress. Neck examination, ultrasonography, and chest x-ray examination were usually diagnostic. In four infants the intrathoracic component was initially clinically unsuspected. The neck lesion descends into the chest between the subclavian vein and artery. At operation the mass was dissected off the pericardium; phrenic, vagus, and recurrent laryngeal nerves; esophagus; aortic arch; and subclavian vessels. Complete resection was possible in each case. Nine of ten patients survived. Death occurred in a newborn with bilateral tumor and pulmonary hypoplasia. Three patients developed Horner's syndrome. There were no recurrences (follow-up 9 months to 10 years). These data indicate that a one-stage resection using an inverted hockey stick (sternum-splitting) incision is well tolerated, curative, and superior to other methods of treatment in infants with cervicomediastinal cystic hygroma.
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PMID:One-stage resection for massive cervicomediastinal hygroma. 712 89

Teratomas of the cervical area are relatively rare tumors--only 132 cases have been reported. This paper adds two more cases to the literature and reviews the important clinical aspects of the disease. This tumor commonly presents in early infancy with increasing respiratory distress; polyhydramnios is commonly associated with tumors greater than 10 cm in diameter. They are always benign in infants and are believed to arise from the thyroid gland. Prompt surgical removal is mandatory. Thyroid function studies should be initiated preoperatively, if feasible, and definitely postoperatively to avoid the possible complication of hypothyroidism in the young infant.
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PMID:Teratoma of thyroid gland in infancy: review of the literature and two case reports. 713 62

A case of metastatic epidermoid carcinoma arising in benign cystic teratoma of the ovary is reported. The clinical course was complicated by severe hypercalcemia and respiratory distress due to associated diffuse calcification of the lungs. Presumptive evidence is presented to show that prostaglandin E found in the tumor was the cause of the hypercalcemia.
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PMID:Hypercalcemia associated with epidermoid carcinoma in ovarian cystic teratoma. 724 31

A case of nasopharyngeal teratoma with the appearance of a hairy polyp in one month old infant is presented. The patient had a previous history of recurrent attacks of cough, dyspnea and cyanosis on being fed or in a certain body position (prone). The prone position shifted the tip of the tumor with its long stalk over the entrance of the larynx followed by upper airway obstruction. Prompt surgical extirpation prevented the risk of succeeding fatal respiratory event. This uncommon congenital teratoma arising from the nasopharynx should be taken into consideration in differential diagnosis of neonatal or infantile upper respiratory distress.
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PMID:Nasopharyngeal teratoma.--Report of a case. 744 94

Pulmonary microvascular tumor embolization is a recognized cause of respiratory distress in cancer patients that is rarely diagnosed antemortem. Previous studies with relatively few patients have reported high diagnostic yield using wedged pulmonary artery catheter-derived blood samples to evaluate dyspneic cancer patients for possible microembolization. From 1991 to 1993, 21 cancer patients with respiratory distress of relatively acute onset and varying severity who required pulmonary artery catheterization for hemodynamic monitoring were evaluated using this technique. Pulmonary microvascular cytology (PMC) was interpreted as positive for malignant cells in nine of 21 patients presenting with a range of tumor types, including carcinomas of the breast, colon, and pancreas as well as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. In 11 patients the PMC was interpreted as negative. One case was considered nondiagnostic. Megakaryocytes, noted in most PMC specimens as well as in several samples of simultaneously drawn peripheral blood, may mimic epithelial tumor cells. Immunocytochemical stains for factor VIII and cytokeratins were used to resolve occasional diagnostic dilemmas. Clinical and/or pathologic follow-up information was available for all patients. Diagnostic accuracy was highest for epithelial malignancies. Two false-negative results occurred in patients with metastatic choriocarcinoma and breast carcinoma. Circulating malignant cells in the peripheral blood of a patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma led to one false-positive diagnosis. Benign lymphoid elements in PMC generally have a reactive and variable appearance that should not be misinterpreted as lymphoma. We conclude that PMC is a useful tool in the evaluation of dyspneic cancer patients requiring pulmonary artery catheterization for hemodynamic monitoring and its use potentially avoids additional diagnostic procedures.
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PMID:Diagnosis of pulmonary microvascular metastases by cytologic evaluation of pulmonary artery catheter-derived blood specimens. 751 73

Sixty patients with laryngocele were diagnosed in the last seven years: 25 of them without previous laryngeal pathology (group A) and the rest 35 with laryngeal or pharyngeal cancer (group B). The laryngocele was unilateral in the majority of the 25 patients of group A (68%). The internal laryngoceles were the most common type (63%). The initial symptom was hoarseness in 56% of these patients and 20% developed, in their evolution, an acute respiratory distress. The diagnosis was clinical in 16 patients and radiological in the rest. Endoscopically marsupialization with laser-CO2 was performed to remove internal laryngoceles. The mixed and external laryngoceles were completely removed via an external cervical approach without the need to perform any thyrotomy. The diagnosis was radiological by CT in the 35 patients of the group B. In 30 of them the CT was performed to evaluate the local extension of the laryngeal or pharyngeal cancer before its treatment. Supraglottic carcinoma was the most common laryngeal tumor (50%). The anatomic relationship between laryngocele and laryngeal cancer was ipsilateral to each other only in 50% of the patients. In the other 5 patients, no laryngocele was found in the radiological study previous to the treatment of the laryngeal or pharyngeal cancer. The diagnosis was made after chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy treatment.
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PMID:[Laryngocele: clinical and therapeutic study of 60 cases]. 754 53

Pulmonary blastoma (PB) is an uncommon primary lung malignancy. This neoplasm was first described by Barrett and Barnard in 1945. The tumor is composed of immature epithelial and mesenchymal tissues which may recapitulate early embryological lung development. Under the microscope, the globular component resembles immature bronchus and connective tissue as seen in embryonic lung. More than one hundred cases have been reported in the literature. PB is more frequent in older people and in males and tends to affect blacks at younger ages. Symptomatology varies from asymptomatic to symptoms of a non-specific pulmonary disease. Cough, hemoptysis, dyspnea, chest pain, respiratory distress, fever, anorexia and weight loss are the most common presenting features. The most common roentgenologic pattern is a well-demarcated peripheral lesion, encapsulated by compression or atelectatic lung tissue, although in some cases there is a tendency to lobulation and cavitation. The size of the mass varies from a small peripheral nodule to a mass occupying the entire lobe or hemithorax. The treatment of choice has been surgical excision, radiation and, in selected cases, a combination of chemotherapy with radiation. The prognosis of this malignancy is poor; overall five-year survival is approximately 16 percent. No correlation has been established between histopathologic criteria and survival. The factors that indicate poor prognosis are tumor recurrence, metastasis at initial presentation, tumor size over 5 cm and lymph node metastasis. Liver, central nervous system and bones are the most frequent location of distant metastases. A rare case is presented of a pulmonary blastoma with an upper lip metastasis occurring in a paraplegic male. Diagnosis was confirmed by autopsy findings.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Pulmonary blastoma presenting as a solitary lip metastasis: case report and review of the literature. 755 26


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