Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Rounded atelectasis is an uncommon but increasingly recognized form of pulmonary collapse that often mimics a pulmonary neoplasm. It is suggested that these lesions can occur many years after exposure to asbestos or exudative pleural effusions. The authors report 16 cases of rounded atelectasis seen during a period of over 10 years, 9 of which in the last 18 months. They describe the plain film, tomographic and CT appearances of the lesion. The radiographic features that allow a diagnosis are rounded or oval shadows lying along the posterior surface of the lower lobe, adjacent to thickened pleura. Lateral tomography and CT show the blood vessels and bronchi curving toward the mass and converging on one edge, like a comet tail. Differentiation of rounded atelectasis from neoplastic disease is essential in avoiding unnecessary thoracotomy.
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PMID:[Rounded atelectasis of the lung]. 373 87

Three patients were treated for pathologic fractures of the thoracolumbar spine causing progressive neurologic deficit. An anterior decompression with partial removal of the diseased vertebra was performed with improvement of neurologic function in each patient. Active tumor was not found, but necrotic bone with collapse and secondary kyphosis were the causes of anterior compression of the spinal cord. In two patients, the spine was stabilized with an anterior fibular strut graft that initially provided stability; later collapse progressed and deformity recurred. In the third patient, stabilization was secured with internal fixation that has prevented a recurrent deformity. Late collapse of a vertebral body after irradiation for tumor may be secondary to necrosis resulting from tumor infiltration and/or radiotherapy. Anterior decompression and stabilization with adjunctive internal fixation can be beneficial in selected cases.
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PMID:Spinal cord compression secondary to kyphosis associated with radiation therapy for metastatic disease. 375 50

Rounded atelectasis is an uncommon form of pulmonary collapse that presents as an asymptomatic lung mass, and thus, can appear very similar to a pulmonary neoplasm. One feature that has been used to differentiate rounded atelectasis from a pulmonary malignancy is the lack of growth observed in cases of rounded atelectasis. The case presented here demonstrates that it is possible for rounded atelectasis to increase in size. This is the first documented case of enlargement of rounded atelectasis and shows that this disorder should be added to the list of benign causes of an enlarging pulmonary mass.
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PMID:Unusual case of enlarging pulmonary mass. 381 24

We investigated the mechanism of metastatic spread in Lewis lung carcinoma-bearing C57BL/6 mice exposed to 42 degrees C total-body hyperthermia (TBH) by water immersion. When the mice were treated with 42 degrees C TBH 24 h after resection of the primary tumor, the spread of lung metastasis was inhibited (P less than 0.01). When tumor-bearing mice were exposed to 42 degrees C TBH followed by resection of the primary tumors 24 h later, the spread of lung metastasis was greater than in the control group from which tumors were removed 6 days after inoculation (P less than 0.05). When normal mice were subjected to 42 degrees C TBH and Lewis lung carcinoma cells were subsequently injected i.v., lung metastasis increased significantly in those mice that had received tumor cell injection between immediately after and 48 h after TBH treatment (P less than 0.02-0.001). Tumor-bearing mice were subjected to 42 degrees C TBH, and changes in the lung tissues were examined. Between 12 and 48 h after TBH, alveolar collapse, edema, and cellular infiltration into the alveolar walls were seen. Tumor-bearing mice were exposed to 42 degrees C TBH and blood was taken from the inferior vena cava. The number of tumor cells in the blood increased significantly 12 h after TBH exposure (P less than 0.05). We suggest that TBH promotes the intravascular invasion of tumor cells and that histological changes in the host lung facilitate the implantation of tumor cells.
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PMID:Mechanism of metastatic spread by 42 degrees C total-body hyperthermia in Lewis lung carcinoma. 394 87

The contribution to the clinical picture of eosinophilic granuloma of the spine. This tumor-like, osteolytic bone lesion presents both diagnostic and therapeutic problems. Solitary eosinophilic granuloma of the spine is not common. Compared to the multiple manifestation of eosinophilic granuloma, which seldom spares the spine, vertebral involvement is rare in cases of solitary eosinophilic granuloma (about 10 p.c.). Spinal involvement of this disease is mainly characterized by an undramatic, uneventful clinical course, even in cases of extensive osteolytic bone defects, varying laboratory findings as well as partial or complete collapse of a vertebra, mostly in form of a true vertebrae plana. Open biopsy is recommended instead of needle aspiration biopsy in solitary eosinophilic granuloma of the spine in order to exclude Ewing's sarcoma, neuroblastoma, or bony manifestations of leukemia. In cases of solitary eosinophilic granuloma various therapeutic methods have been tried. Some authors have registered good results by means of prolonged immobilization, similar to fracture treatment. Others have used radiation therapy in moderate doses. We suggest operative treatment of solitary eosinophilic granuloma. Our procedure comprises open biopsy, frozen section examination, and curettage of the affected vertebral body, taking care not to destroy the epiphyseal plate or the intervertebral disc. Vertebral body replacement is achieved by means of a bone graft, taken from the iliac crest. The original height of the vertebra is thus restored and immediate stability of the involved area guaranteed. Undisturbed bone growth of the end plated of the vertebral body can be observed. This technique is to prevent disturbances of spinal growth and permanent deformities.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Eosinophilic granuloma of the spine]. 401 83

The effects of extracellular pH (6.2 to 7.3) on uptake and cytotoxicity of the weak acid anti-tumor drug chlorambucil were investigated. Decreasing extracellular pH from 7.3 to 6.5 had a negligible effect on the intracellular pH of Chinese hamster V79 fibroblasts, thus resulting in the formation of a transmembrane pH gradient (intracellular alkaline). Addition of high concentrations of acetate or bicarbonate partially collapsed the pH gradient. Chlorambucil (pKa = 5.8) behaved as a weak acid with enhanced accumulation and cytotoxicity at extracellular pH less than 7.0. As predicted for a weak acid, partial collapse of the transmembrane pH gradient decreased both uptake and cell killing. Since the interstitial pH of micrometastases and solid tumors of many cancers is low relative to normal tissues, these results have potential implications for both in vitro drug testing and in vivo therapy.
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PMID:Extracellular pH, transmembrane distribution and cytotoxicity of chlorambucil. 401 93

The varied computed tomographic (CT) appearance of obstructive lobar collapse is described in 25 cases. CT is helpful in understanding the morphology and mechanisms of lobar collapse and in diagnosing atypical cases. The final shape of the collapsed lobe is dependent on the size and location of the obstructing tumor and on the amount of retained lung fluid. Focal bulging of the fissure (S-sign) is the most helpful sign in identifying the obstructing tumor. Differential enhancement could not separate the tumor from collapsed lung in six of eight (75%) of the cases studied with intravenous contrast, a finding at variance with previous reports. The limitations of CT in evaluating mediastinal or pleural invasion in the presence of lobar collapse are discussed.
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PMID:CT of obstructive lobar collapse. 406 42

The host defense mechanism was fundamentally and clinically investigated from the aspect of tumor immunology. The behavior of macrophages in the immune systems of experimental animals demonstrated different patterns of response in the bone marrow, peritoneal cavity and spleen, respectively. It was doubtless that the spleen occasionally exerted an immunosuppressive action. Ectopic immunization of syngeneic rats with normal liver cells resulted in specific inhibition of the growth of the tumor cells (AH-I30) derived from liver. This seemed to strongly suggest a local immune response. In clinical cases, the host defense mechanism was found to collapse due to surgical intervention, malnutrition and immunosuppressive substances. The relation between complements and host defense mechanism has been controversial. Our studies indicated the serum complement level to be the most reliable parameter for understanding the host defense mechanism. Since the combination of immunostimulants and anticancer drugs is likely to induce anticancer drugs to exert an adverse effect depending on the time of such combination, timing of combined administration of drugs should be chosen with great care.
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PMID:[Clinical and experimental study of the host defense mechanism from the aspect of tumor immunology]. 408 21

Recent experience with five cases of pheochromocytoma is the basis for this report. Pharmacological blockade is to be started with phenoxybenzamine before angiographic studies. Arteriography is the preferred localization technique, particularly when combined with bone-subtraction films. Anesthetic management requires special attention to premedication, close monitoring of cardiac rhythm, arterial and central venous pressure, and judicious administration of alpha and beta blockers. Methoxyflurane is no longer the anesthetic agent of choice because of possible nephrotoxicity. Multiple tumors are common. Wide surgical exposure with systematic palpation of autonomic ganglia must be carried out. Manipulation of the tumor does raise arterial blood pressure in spite of adequate preoperative blockade. The alpha blockade prevents the sudden and dangerous vascular collapse which used to be seen after removal of the tumor.
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PMID:Pheochromocytoma. Tumor localization and surgical management. 414 98

The ribonucleic acid (RNA) of murine leukemia virus (MLV) Rauscher strain was observed by the aid of electron microscopy with the use of the protein monolayer technique. RNA was observed directly after release from virus particles or after isolation by sedimentation in sucrose density gradients. Molecules were found in an extended linear form. Many of the RNA filaments released by detergent treatment contained curled regions, suggesting the linear filaments were originally coiled within the virus particle. The relationship of the curled areas to the containment of the RNA within the virus particle is discussed, and a mechanism for the inclusion of RNA in the budding virion is proposed. Treatment of the extended MLV-RNA with dimethyl sulfoxide resulted in the collapse of the molecule forming a tangled complex. Treatment with urea or heating at 50 C in 3 mm NaCl also produced this effect. Also under the conditions in which MLV-RNA was linear, RNA from Rous sarcoma virus also was linear, but Newcastle disease virus RNA and ribosomal RNA of rat liver had collapsed structures. The results indicated that the RNA of MLV, and perhaps other RNA-containing tumor viruses, has a specific unique conformation dependent upon hydrogen bonds.
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PMID:Electron microscopic observations on the ribonucleic acid of murine leukemia virus. 430 80


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