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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Ninety-eight consecutive patients with 344 collapsed vertebrae underwent conventional and/or digital radiography and MRI. Vertebral collapse was due to osteopenia (16 cases), trauma (17 cases), and vertebral osteonecrosis (3 cases). Other causes were: spondylodiscitis (9 patients), primary neoplasm (4 patients), metastases (37 patients), and hemomyelopathies (7 patients); 5 patients bore vertebral angiomas. Sixty-three patients also underwent CT and 25 bone scintigraphy. As far as collapsed vertebral endplates are concerned, according to a previous classification, outcomes were divided into 4 groups. Type 1 (focal concave collapse) was observed in 10% of benign lesions and in 1% of malignant ones; type 2 (diffuse concave collapse) in 24% of benign and in 16% of malignant lesions; type 3 (focal collapse with an acute angle) in 11% of benign and malignant lesions, and type 4 (diffuse collapse with an acute angle) in 11% of benign and in 26% of malignant lesions. Neural arch involvement was observed in 3% of benign lesions and in 16% of malignant ones; paravertebral soft-tissue involvement in 6% of benign and in 29% of malignant lesions; vertebral canal involvement in 11% of benign lesions and in 20% of malignant ones. The intervertebral disk proximal to vertebral collapse was more involved in benign lesions (24%) than in malignant ones (8%). MR signal followed 4 main patterns: low signal on T1-weighted images and high signal on proton-density and T2-weighted images (2% of benign lesions, 49% of malignant ones), low signal on all sequences (7% of benign lesions and 25% of malignant ones), isointense signal on all sequences (50% of benign and 21% of malignant lesions), and high signal on all sequences (41% of benign lesions and 0% of malignant ones).
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PMID:[Vertebral collapse model: combined diagnostic imaging]. 201 21

An uncommon neoplasm of the larynx, rhabdomyosarcoma, was diagnosed in a 6-year-old 14-kg neutered female Spitz. In addition to the progressive onset of expected clinical signs of the tumor (exercise intolerance, respiratory stridor, inability to bark), the dog experienced hyperthermic crisis. Laryngectomy was successful in eradicating the local neoplastic tissue; however, unusual postoperative complications developed and included acute complications of pharyngotracheal fistula and hypoparathyroidism, and long-term complications of periodic collapse of the tracheal stoma and intolerance to heat. Probable causes and successful management of these complications are described. At 22 months after laryngectomy, the dog was admitted for a solitary hepatic metastasis. While hospitalized, the dog died of apparent asphyxiation attributable to stoma collapse.
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PMID:Development of hypoparathyroidism after excision of laryngeal rhabdomyosarcoma in a dog. 201 32

Defensins induce ion channels in model lipid bilayers and permeabilize the membranes of Escherichia coli. We investigated whether similar membrane-active events occur during defensin-mediated cytolysis of tumor cells. Although defensin-treated K562 targets did not release chromium-labeled cytoplasmic components for 5-6 h, they experienced a rapid collapse (within minutes) of the membrane potential, efflux of rubidium, and influx of trypan blue. Defensin treatment also blunted the subsequent acidification response induced by nigericin, thereby further supporting the notion of enhanced transmembrane ion flow during exposure. These initial effects on the plasma membrane were not sufficient for subsequent lysis; a second phase of injury was required which involved the continued presence of defensin. The rapid membrane permeabilization phase was inhibited by azide/2-deoxyglucose, cytochalasin B, and increased concentrations of extracellular potassium and was unaffected by actinomycin-D, cycloheximide, and varying the calcium concentration. In contrast, the second phase was unaffected by cytochalasin B, inhibited by azide/2-deoxyglucose, enhanced by actinomycin D and cycloheximide, and varied with calcium concentration. These results indicate the initial adverse effect of defensins on mammalian cells occurs at the cell membrane. It is possible that the second phase of injury is mediated intracellularly by defensin that has been internalized through this leaky membrane.
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PMID:Mechanism of mammalian cell lysis mediated by peptide defensins. Evidence for an initial alteration of the plasma membrane. 205 35

Overlay dentures which are accepted as superposition appliances have been presented by three cases in this article. These kind of dentures are dedicated as prosthodontic restorations which are applied to extend maxillary arch horizontally in the cases of maxillary collapse. These restorations also increase the vertical dimension which has been lost and so help to improve the facial contour as well as esthetics of the individual-these dentures classified as removable partial or complete overlay dentures are generally applied in the cases of bilateral or unilateral maxillary collapse which have been caused by trauma or tumor resection.
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PMID:[Overlay dentures]. 210 43

Rabbit synovial fibroblasts respond to changes in cell shape and cytoskeletal architecture by altering specific gene expression. We have tested the ability of acrylamide, a neurotoxin that alters the distribution of intermediate filaments in cultured PtK1 cells, to induce metalloprotease expression in synovial fibroblasts. Cells treated with 2-20 mM acrylamide for 5 to 24 h underwent shape changes similar to cells treated with the tumor promoter phorbol myristate acetate. Intermediate filaments visualized with anti-vimentin antibodies did not collapse into a perinuclear cap in these rounded cells, but were still present in the extended cell processes. Unexpectedly, when actin was visualized in acrylamide-treated cells, extensive dissociation and clumping of microfilaments was observed. Concentrations of acrylamide greater than 10 mM were cytotoxic, but cells recovered completely after 24 h incubation with 5 mM acrylamide. Like other agents that alter cell shape and actin distribution in synovial fibroblasts, acrylamide also induced expression of the secreted metalloprotease collagenase. Although some recent evidence suggests that acrylamide may be able to exert its collagenase-inducing effects extracellularly, perhaps through transmembrane matrix receptors, our observation that this neurotoxin dramatically alters protein synthesis in synovial fibroblasts suggests that direct effects on cell metabolism may also play a role in acute acrylamide intoxication.
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PMID:Cytoskeletal dynamics in rabbit synovial fibroblasts: I. Effects of acrylamide on intermediate filaments and microfilaments. 216 39

We have previously reported that increased tracer accumulation on delayed 123I-IMP scintigraphy is associated with atelectasis and inflammation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic values of delayed 123I-IMP lung scintigraphy, compared with gallium scintigraphy. Ten patients with atelectasis caused by lung cancer and 7 patients with inflammatory diseases were studied. Inflammatory lung disease included 4 cases of pneumonia, 2 of interstitial pneumonitis, and 1 of diffuse panbronchiolitis. Delayed 123I-IMP scintigraphy was performed 24 hours after intravenous injection of 111 MBq of 123I-IMP. In 14 patients, the SPECT images were obtained. Gallium scintigraphy was done within 7 days of 123I-IMP scintigraphy and the images were obtained 72 hours after the administration of 111 MBq of 67Ga-citrate. 123I-IMP scintigraphy was compared with gallium scintigraphy for its ability to detect atelectasis. The degree of uptake by the collapsed lobes was judged visually on planar images and rated using four grades: negative, slight, moderate and heavy. All the cases showed moderate or intense uptake on the 123I-IMP images, whereas with gallium scintigraphy there was no change corresponding with lobar collapse in 8 out of 10 cases. Of the remaining 2 cases, one had tumor in the collapsed lobe and the other had obstructive pneumonia. In inflammatory lung diseases, the correlation of 123I-IMP and gallium images regarding degree of change shown on chest X-ray film was studied. The degree of correlation was classified using four grade: poor, fair, good and excellent.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Evaluation of delayed I-123 IMP lung studies in atelectatic and inflammatory diseases in comparison with Ga-67-citrate scintigraphy]. 217 52

In patients with tumors of tracheobronchial origin, computed tomography (CT) provides detailed information critical to accurate tumor staging. By precisely delineating the intra- and extraluminal extent of disease, CT has proved complementary to fiberoptic bronchoscopy, both for initial screening and as an aid in determining appropriate candidates for either transbronchial needle aspiration and biopsy or endoscopic laser therapy. CT has proved especially valuable as a guide to patients with radiographic evidence of lobar or segmental collapse. The advantages and limitations of CT as well as magnetic resonance (MR) in the evaluation of tracheobronchial neoplasia are discussed and illustrated.
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PMID:CT/MR correlation in the evaluation of tracheobronchial neoplasia. 218 64

A two-year-old child presented with an acute inability to bear weight. Radiological investigation revealed a large cervicothoracolumbar syrinx of no known cause. During investigation, acute communicating hydrocephalus developed, which required a shunt. At surgery, a small thoracic spinal cord hemangioblastoma was discovered and excised. Complete recovery with collapse of the syrinx followed. The clinical features of this rare childhood tumor and its associated effects are discussed.
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PMID:Spinal hemangioblastoma, syrinx, and hydrocephalus in a two-year-old child. 225 11

A case of a 14-year-old boy with a solitary eosinophilic granuloma of the thoracic spine, with paraplegia secondary to the collapse of the vertebra and peridural spread of tumor, is presented. It is the 14th case recorded in literature to this date. This disease is self-limiting, and there is no role of steroids or radiotherapy observed.
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PMID:Eosinophilic granuloma of the spine with neurological deficit. 225 71

During metastatic spread, locomotion mediated by extracellular matrix components of basement membranes and connective tissues has been invoked as a prerequisite to invasion. We studied the interactions of the rat bladder carcinoma cell line NBT-II with fibronectin, laminin, and collagens (types I, III, IV, and V). They all promoted cell attachment and spreading. To analyze their scatter potential, we studied epithelial outgrowth and/or peripheral cell dispersion from tumor aggregates. All matrix components allowed partial collapse of the aggregate and the appearance of a cellular monolayer forming a halo around the aggregate. No peripheral cell dispersion occurred on fibronectin and laminin. Collagens (especially types I and III) promoted the dispersion of peripheral NBT-II cells with various speeds of locomotion, as revealed by time-lapse videomicroscopy. With the exception of cells at the periphery on collagens, cells inside the halo did not exchange neighbors, migrated transiently as an epithelial sheet during halo formation, and finally remained stationary. These effects were reproduced with NBT-II tumor fragments obtained from nude mice. Tumor cells were linked together with desmosomes (as revealed by immunoreactivity against desmoglein). Migration on collagens correlated with the mechanical disruption of intercellular contacts and consequently with the progressive disappearance of desmoglein immunoreactivity. Immunofluorescence studies also revealed a reduced expression of the epithelium-specific cell adhesion molecule liver cell adhesion molecule after contact with collagens. These results suggest that direct interactions with collagens may favor single cell infiltration by bladder carcinoma.
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PMID:Collagen-mediated dispersion of NBT-II rat bladder carcinoma cells. 229 46


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