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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Because of the independent and remote origin of the right upper and middle lobe bronchi, combined collapse of right upper and middle lobes is thought to be uncommon. We report 15 cases of combined right upper and middle lobe collapse found by plain chest radiograph in the past 8 years. Malignancies were confirmed in 13 cases. The other 2 cases with benign etiology included one case of endobronchial TB and one of pneumonia. These cases of combined bilobar collapse were possibly due to (1) the intraluminary infiltration of the primary tumor of the upper lobe to the middle lobe bronchus, (2) separated area of collapse produced by the primary tumor and its metastatic lymphadenopathy, (3) upper lobe tumor with external compression to intermediate bronchus that obstructed both the upper and middle bronchi, (4) multi-centric neoplasm, (5) tumor obstruction and sputum impaction at different bronchi, or (6) benign lesions operated at two different locations. The more frequent occurrence of bronchogenic carcinoma than that of benign lesions in our study revealed the invalidity of the "double lesion sign". Bronchoscopy or CT scan should be used to search for the etiology. If malignancy is confirmed in such condition, the prognosis is usually poor due to its advanced invasion.
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PMID:Combined atelectasis of right upper and middle lobes: a clinical study of 15 cases. 165 36

Analysis of the otoneurological symptomatology in 32 patients with hypophyseal tumors showed that they extended most frequently into the sphenoidal sinus, the cells of the ethmoidal sinus, the superoposterior parts of the nose, and the nasopharynx. The focal symptoms of compression of the adjoining parts of the brain (frontal, temporal) were manifested in 11 among 32 cases by olfactory disorders (loss of olfaction in 4 patients, diminished olfaction in 2, olfactory hallucinations in 4 patients, and impaired recognition of odors in 1 patient). Asymmetric action of the tumor on the subcortical structures in the fronto-parietal-temporal parts was manifested by side asymmetry of the experimental nystagmus, complete spatial disorientation of the patient after the rotation test with a false sensation of collapse to the side of the slow phase of nystagmus with vigorous motor compensatory disharmonic deviation of the trunk and limbs in the direction of the rapid nystagmus phase. The effect of the giant hypophyseal tumor on the brain stem was often manifested for a large distance (simultaneously on the diencephalic level, on the level of the midbrain, and in the posterior cranial fossa). Among a group of 32 patients 18 had the decompensated phase of affection of the vestibular apparatus. The effect of the tumor on the diencephalic parts of the brain was attended by sharply intensified vestibulovegetative reactions which should be considered as a stimulation symptom. In giant cell hypophyseal tumors, however, intensification of vestibulovegetative reactions after experimental vestibular tests does not occur in many cases, which is due to death and areactivity of the diencephalo-hypothalamic structures.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[The otoneurological symptoms in giant adenomas of the hypophysis]. 166 32

A case of Prader-Willi syndrome who later developed hepatoblastoma is reported. Prader-Willi syndrome was suspected because of hypotonia, hypopigmentation, and undescended testes when he was a newborn infant. The diagnosis was confirmed by chromosome analysis, which showed 46XY del(15)(q11, q13). When he was 1 year 4 months old, a liver tumor and high serum AFP were found. At operation a large tumor arising from the caudate lobe was found and the tumor was totally resected. After completion of the hepatectomy, he developed circulatory collapse of unknown cause and died shortly after the operation. Histopathologic examination revealed that the tumor was composed of two components, well differentiated cells and poorly differentiated cells. The well differentiated part did not dominate the poorly differentiated part, so it was diagnosed as poorly differentiated hepatoblastoma. This is the first reported case of Prader-Willi syndrome with a pediatric malignant tumor.
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PMID:Prader-Willi syndrome with del(15)(q11,q13) associated with hepatoblastoma. 166 44

Variable screw placement (VSP) plates and pedicle screw fixation were used to stabilize eleven lumbar neoplasms. Blood loss and complications were comparable to other methods of posterior segmental fixation, although operative times were longer. Fewer levels were fused than for systems using sublaminar hooks or wires, with 8/11 patients treated with two level fixation. Four preoperatively irradiated patients experienced 43% of all complications and had 70% of the major complications. Wound infections occurred in 18%, vascular injuries in 18%, and transient neurologic deficits in 36% of our patients. Clinical pseudoarthroses developed in two patients, and tumor progression produced late instability in two patients with renal carcinoma. Thecal compression and late collapse led to therapeutic failure in four patients in 12-18 months. Fixation failure occurred in four patients, resulting from loosening of the plate on the screws in three patients, and breakage of a screw in one. Failure to adequately address anterior column disease was the primary cause of treatment failure in these patients. Proper seating of the plate on the pedicle screws is, likewise, crucial to construct stability and longevity. VSP instrumentation provides rigid fixation and allows more extensive tumor resection than traditional systems, while sparing vertebral motion segments. However, failure to address key technical and biomechanical principles may lead to serious complications.
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PMID:VSP stabilization of lumbar neoplasms: technical considerations and complications. 180 66

When central lung tumor is associated with lobar collapse, discrimination of tumor from atelectasis is important for determining operability or for field planning should radiation therapy be utilized. Because tumor and collapsed lung have similar attenuation values, they cannot always be distinguished with usual contrast-enhanced CT. The article describes separation of tumor from collapsed lung by means of RSCT with bolus injection of nonionic contrast medium. With this technique collapsed lung is appreciably enhanced, but tumor enhancement is slow and minimal. The difference is most marked from 40 seconds to 2 minutes after scanning begins. This phenomenon is probably related to the marked increase in blood flow per unit area of collapsed lung due to crowding of relatively large pulmonary arteries compared to tumor blood supply through small bronchial arteries. Tumor can also be delineated from atelectasis by differences in internal structure with this technique.
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PMID:Differentiation of central lung tumor from postobstructive lobar collapse by rapid sequence computed tomography. 185 99

A 56-year-old woman was seen with the clinical features of collapse of the right lower lobe. Intrabronchial extension of a tumor was demonstrated endoscopically. Sleeve bilobectomy was performed, and a diagnosis of bronchial neurofibrosarcoma was confirmed by light and electron microscopic and immunohistochemical studies.
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PMID:Bronchial neurofibrosarcoma. 192 41

A case of ovarian carcinoma which has been followed up for more than 28 years after the initial ovarian resection is reported. A 50-year-old woman came forward with a metastatic esophageal tumor 16 years after a salpingo-oophorectomy for ovarian carcinoma. After irradiation with a dose of 3090 cGy, an esophagectomy and a partial resection of the directly invaded pericardium was successfully performed. Ten years later, progressive dyspnea due to a total collapse of the right lung developed. The right main stem bronchus was almost occluded by an endobronchial tumor, contiguous with the recurrent mass at the previous resectional margin. A right pneumonectomy and a combined resection of the pericardium and left atrium were performed. The patient has been followed up for further two years, and no signs of recurrence are evident. In spite of distant thoracic involvement and its local regrowth, the patient has survived for 28 years following her initial resection with surgical interventions.
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PMID:Esophageal and pulmonary metastases from ovarian carcinoma: a case report of long-term survival following metastatic resections. 194 52

The tumor promoter phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) induces characteristic reversible changes of cell shape in certain fibroblastic lines: motile lamellas are transformed into noncontractile narrow processes; simultaneously, the actin microfilament network of lamellas is locally disorganized. This reaction to PMA may be regarded as a prototype of reorganizations involving formation of stable cytoplasmic processes. Specific drugs, Taxol and Colcemid, were used to study the role of microtubules and vimentin-containing intermediate filaments (IF) in the development of PMA-induced reorganizations. PMA readily induced formation of noncontractile processes in Taxol-treated fibroblasts; these cells had a profoundly altered microtubular system but noncollapsed IF. A short (1 hr) exposure to PMA induced formation of processes in control cells but not in the Colcemid-treated cells, which had depolymerized microtubules and IF that collapsed around the nucleus. Longer (3-4 hr) exposure of the Colcemid-treated cells to PMA induced partial reversal of the IF collapse; those parts of the peripheral lamellas that contained IF were transformed into narrow noncontractile processes. It is suggested that the local interaction of IF with the actin system is an essential step in the formation of processes from lamellas. The microtubular system controls distribution of IF in the cytoplasm and thus plays an indirect role in the reorganization of the actin cortex.
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PMID:Cytoskeletal reorganizations responsible for the phorbol ester-induced formation of cytoplasmic processes: possible involvement of intermediate filaments. 196 40

A 30-year-old man had a history of smoking 1-2 packs per week for 10 years. He had suffered from a productive cough with whitish mucoid sputum for two months. Left anterior chest pain, palpitation and shortness of breath developed about two weeks before his admission. Chest radiographs showed collapse of the left lower lobe. Bronchoscopy revealed a strawberry-like tumor on the left main bronchus with nearly complete obstruction. Pathology showed bronchial squamous papilloma with surface dysplasia, but no evidence of malignancy. The obstructed lumen was completely reopened by bronchoscopic Nd-YAG laser therapy. Unfortunately, the tumor recurred two months later. Therefore a sleeve resection of the tumor was performed six months after the laser photoresection. After two years of follow-up, no evidence of tumor recurrence has been found.
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PMID:[Solitary squamous papilloma of the bronchus: report of a case]. 197 14

One hundred thirty consecutive patients with metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC) were entered in a therapeutic protocol in which radiation therapy (RT) played the main role. When MSCC is diagnosed by clinical-radiologic methods such as myelography with or without computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), steroids are given and RT treatment started within 24 hours. When diagnostic doubts exist or stabilization is necessary, surgery precedes RT. Chemohormonal potentially responsive tumors are also treated with chemotherapy or hormonal therapy. Twelve patients (9.2%) underwent surgery plus RT, and 118 (90.8%) received RT alone. Thirteen (11%) early death patients were not evaluable. The 105 evaluable cases that received RT alone were analyzed. Median follow-up was 15 months (range, 4 to 38 months). Response among patients with back pain was 80%. In cases with motor dysfunction, 48.6% improved, and in 33 of 105 patients (31.4%) without motor disability there was no deterioration. Forty percent of patients with autonomic dysfunction responded to RT. Median survival time was 7 months with a 36% probability of survival for 1 year. The median duration of improvement was 8 months. The most important prognostic factor was early diagnosis. Radiosensitivity of tumor was only important in paraparetic patients in predicting response to RT. Complete myelographic block significantly diminished response to RT. Vertebral collapse did not influence response or survival.
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PMID:Radiation therapy in metastatic spinal cord compression. A prospective analysis of 105 consecutive patients. 199 Dec 93


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