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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Paranasal meningiomas were diagnosed in ten dogs based on gross and light microscopic examinations of tissue specimens, and, in one case, electron microscopic examination. Seven of ten dogs were female (average age was 13 years). Most dogs (7/10) had seizures on examination. Two dogs with meningioma located in the nasal cavity had nasal discharge, and one had epistaxis. Tumors originated in the nasoparanasal region (eight) and frontal region of the cranial cavity (two). The histologic types of meningioma included psammomatous (two), transitional (three), meningotheliomatous (two), fibroblastic (two), and angioblastic (one). Tumors were malignant and extended to the brain in eight cases. These tumors differed from intracranial meningiomas mainly in their more anaplastic nature and aggressive behavior.
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PMID:Paranasal meningioma in the dog: a clinicopathologic study of ten cases. 375 Jul 29

The nasal cavity of 21 dogs with malignant nasal neoplasia was treated with radiation. Preirradiation surgical debulking of the tumor was done in 18 of the dogs. Three dogs were treated with L-phenylalanine mustard after radiotherapy. The range of survival times (5 to 79 months), mean survival time (25 months), median survival time (23 months), 1-year survival rate (57%), and 2-year survival rate (48%) were encouraging and suggested that the described treatment was satisfactory for malignant nasal tumors. Dogs tolerated the treatment well. Signs of nasal cavity disease such as periodic nasal discharge, periodic sneezing, and occasional nasal obstruction by mucus persisted in surviving dogs.
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PMID:Radiotherapy of malignant nasal tumors in 21 dogs. 662 76

A patient with a four-year history of unexplained hyponatremia was seen with recurrent nasal discharge and was found to have a typical olfactory neuroblastoma. The clinical laboratory diagnostic studies suggested that the patient's sodium deficiency was secondary to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone. Subsequent resection of the neoplasm led to resolution of the hyponatremia, suggesting that a (tumor-associated) humoral factor, such as vasopressin or a vasopressinlike substance, was responsible for the electrolyte disturbance. A search of the literature disclosed one previous case of vasopressin-secreting nasal neuroblastoma.
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PMID:Hyponatremia secondary to olfactory neuroblastoma. 687 Jun 50

A 27-month-old boy of Hispanic background developed multiple cranial nerve palsies, difficulty swallowing, bloody nasal discharge, and irritability. Radiographic evaluations showed extensive destruction of the clivus by a large tumor that invaded the sphenoid bone, left cavernous sinus, ethmoid sinus, nasal cavity, and left orbit. Multiple pulmonary nodules were also noted. The bone marrow and spinal fluid showed no evident tumor cells. Transnasal biopsy revealed a chordoma. Treatment was initiated with a combination of ifosfamide, mesna, and etoposide along with radiation therapy to the cranial tumor. Shifting pulmonary densities were noted on serial films. Despite some clinical improvement, the child developed rapidly progressive hypoxemia 3 weeks after admission and died. Autopsy showed persistent viable tumor in the primary site and massive pulmonary arteriolar tumor emboli, infarcts, and widespread lung parenchymal metastases. No other sites of tumor involvement were discovered. This is the second child reported with intracranial chordoma, pulmonary metastases at diagnosis, and early death attributed to pulmonary tumor emboli.
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PMID:Metastatic intracranial chordoma in a child with massive pulmonary tumor emboli. 780 74

Lacrimal sac tumors are rare and mostly of epithelial origin. We conducted a clinicopathologic study of 35 cases of nonepithelial tumors of the lacrimal sac. These tumors included 13 fibrous histiocytomas, one hemangiopericytoma, one lipoma, ten lymphoid lesions, eight malignant melanomas, one granulocytic sarcoma, and one neurofibroma. Except for one 9-year-old child with fibrous histiocytoma, all neoplasms involved adults (age range, 27 to 90 years). The most common initial signs and symptoms were epiphora, chronic inflammation, or lacrimal mass. A bloody nasal discharge and bleeding from the punctum occurred in a patient with malignant melanoma. In none of the patients was the clinical diagnosis of a lacrimal sac tumor made preoperatively. Some of the nonepithelial neoplasms of the lacrimal sac can be life-threatening; therefore, early diagnosis and treatment are important.
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PMID:Nonepithelial tumors of the lacrimal sac. 797 78

A 40-year-old Black man presenting with increasing nasal discharge of bloody, mucoid pus as well as nasal obstruction over a 2-month period is described. Magnetic resonance imaging of the skull showed a tumor eroding through the skull base into the clivus and extending into the sphenoid sinus. Endoscopy of the sphenoid sinus demonstrated a polypoid mass extending into the posterior choanae. The lesion was partially resected. Histologic evaluation showed a cellular small blue cell tumor punctuated by bland, epithelial-lined microcysts. Electron microscopy revealed epithelial cells with abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum and electron-dense membrane-bound endocrine granules, some undergoing misplaced exocytosis. Immunohistochemical evaluation demonstrated cytoplasmic reactivity for neuron-specific enolase, synaptophysin, and prolactin. Stains for leukocyte common antigen, HMB-45, desmin, cytokeratin, chromogranin, and the remaining spectrum of pituitary hormones including growth hormone, corticotropin, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and thyrotrophic hormone were negative. In contrast, the epithelium lining the cysts was cytokeratin positive and synaptophysin negative. This ostensibly small cell tumor therefore represented a remarkably extensive and aggressive prolactin cell adenoma with unusual light microscopic features. Characterization of the lesion required electron microscopy and further confirmation by immunocytology. The distinction of pituitary adenomas and particularly of prolactin cell tumors from other adenoma types and from other small cell lesions markedly affects therapy and patient prognosis.
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PMID:Aggressive small cell tumor of the skull base. 819 26

In this study 78 cats with osteosarcoma were identified from biopsy logs and evaluated retrospectively regarding breed, sex, and age distribution, tumor location, clinical symptoms, radiographic findings, biologic behavior of the neoplasm, and outcome following therapy. There was no significant breed or sex prediffection among the cats. The average age was 10.1 years, with a range of less than one to over 17 years. 36 (46%) of the osteosarcomas were localized in the bones of the limbs, 42 (54%) were found in flat or irregular bones. The hind limbs (25 cases) were affected significantly more often than the front limbs (10 cases). The most prevalent sites were the distal femur, proximal tibia, the humerus and the digits. Four of the tumors occurred after osteosynthesis of a previous fracture. In most of the cats limb tumors were associated with chronic lameness. The skull was the most common site for tumors of the flat and irregular bones (35 cases), which involved the oral cavity in 27 cases. The most common symptoms were dental problems, deformations of the skull, and nasal discharge. The remaining tumors of the flat and irregular bones were located in the pelvis (3), vertebrae (2), scapula (1), and rib (1). Radiographic findings were very variable and ranged from lytic to purely osteoproliferative forms. With tumors of the flat and irregular bones, tumor recurrence was a common cause for euthanasia. Animals with tumors of the limbs had a good prognosis following amputation.
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PMID:[Osteosarcoma in cats: epidemiological, clinical and radiological findings in 78 animals (1990-1995)]. 928 91

A 5-year-old cow was evaluated because of a 2-week history of ataxia and other vague neurologic signs. Previous treatments included intravenous and orally administered calcium, but improvement was not seen. Bilateral mucoserous nasal discharge and a pair of firm, smooth masses caudodorsal to the eyes were found on the frontal bones on physical examination. The cow's condition deteriorated rapidly within 48 hours; head pressing and inability to rise were observed. The frontal sinuses were radiographically normal. Trephination of the frontal sinuses revealed a space-occupying mass that was interpreted on histologic examination to be lymphosarcoma. Other evidence of neoplasia was not discovered on gross necropsy or histologic examination. Primary lymphosarcoma has not been described at this location in cows. Clinically it resembles chronic frontal sinusitis, and trephination may be necessary to differentiate the 2 diseases.
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PMID:Lymphosarcoma of the frontal sinus and nasal passage in a cow. 982 47

A 4.5-year-old llama was admitted for evaluation of a firm mass rostral and ventral to the medial canthus of the left eye. Mucopurulent nasal discharge and absence of airflow through the left nostril were noted. Radiographs of the skull revealed a sharply demarcated soft tissue mass with faint mineralization. Endoscopy of the nasal passages revealed a mucosa-covered mass originating in the area of the second premolar, extending to the edge of the soft palate, and obstructing the airway. Examination of the oral cavity revealed a missing second molar and a mass protruding 2-cm from the empty alveolus. An ossifying fibroma, a previously unreported tumor in llamas, was diagnosed at postmortem examination.
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PMID:Ossifying fibroma in a llama. 1102 40

An 11-year-old male Shetland sheepdog displayed epistaxis and nasal discharge from the left nasal foramen. Cytological examination of a smear sample obtained by rhinotomy revealed neoplastic mast cells in the nasal cavity, a definitive diagnostic sign of mast cell tumor. The case was treated by surgery combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Eighteen days after the last treatment, marked enlargement of the mandibular lymph nodes and facial edema developed, and the dog was euthanized at the owner's request. At necropsy, metastatic proliferation of mast cells was confirmed in the lymph nodes and liver, but no neoplastic mast cells were observed in the nasal cavity.
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PMID:Mast cell tumor in the nasal cavity of a dog. 1103


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