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 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two cases are reported of upper limb rhabdomyolysis occurring after prolonged ENT cancer surgery, the patient being part of the time in the right lateral position, with the left forearm outstretched. Surgery consisted of a vertical hemilaryngectomy with immediate parascapular free graft reconstruction in a 48-year-old man (10 h of surgery, with 6 h in a lateral position) and the surgical removal of a neoplasm involving the mouth floor and larynx in a 62-year-old man including parascapsular free graft reconstruction (10 h of surgery, with 7 h in a lateral position). In the early postoperative period, the patients complained of severe pain in the left forearm. There was a tense painful swelling of the forearm, combined with an increase in creatinine kinase plasma concentration, and myoglobinaemia. The mechanism involved was most likely a compression of the forearm muscles, together with prolonged surgery and the patient position. The part played by the state of the patients is discussed. Diagnosis must be made as soon as possible, as the only efficient treatment consists of an early fasciotomy together with the administration of alkali to avoid renal failure.
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PMID:[Rhabdomyolysis after ORL surgery in prolonged lateral position]. 825 Mar 72

The distribution of specific radiolabeled biological compounds in tumor tissues can be imaged by positron emission tomography (PET). The substance used is fluorodeoxyglucose, labeled with the positron emitter fluorine-18. This substance is partly trapped in tumor cells with increased glucose metabolism. This noninvasive imaging technique allows to assess quantitatively and in three dimensions the extent of metastatic disease in ENT cancer. The case presented illustrates the important value we foresee for this new imaging modality in the presurgical staging of cervical metastatic disease of ENT tumors. Sensitivity and specificity of the PET-FDG imaging technique for the loco-regional staging of ENT cancer are, according to preliminary results of an ongoing, prospective clinical study, very high.
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PMID:[Positron emission tomography (PET) in the preoperative evaluation of cervical lymph node metastasis of ORL cancer]. 829 Aug 39

In the last few years research efforts have succeeded in detectury the genetic background of several hereditary hearing disorders by molecular biological methods. The genetic code was been decoded for Neurofibromatosis types 1 and 2, as well as for such X-linked diseases as Alport's syndrome or Norrie's disease. Besides the classic genetic tools as chromosomal analysis, molecular biological techniques and methods have become important clinically for the ENT-specialist. In the present review we show the principles and applications of DNA-and RNA-analysis with hybridization techniques in Southern- and Northern-blot techniques, as well as in-situ hybridization and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). These molecular biological techniques will help improve the detection and analysis of hereditary inner ear disorders, but also be able to study in greater detail tumor carcinogenesis and mutagenesis. The various techniques are explained and the applications are demonstrated.
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PMID:[Perspectives of molecular genetics of hearing disorders]. 846 17

From 1989 to 1991 a case-control study was conducted at the ENT Department of the University of Heidelberg. One hundred and one patients with parotid tumors (84 benign and 17 malignant) were compared with 404 control patients in a matched-pair study design. Using a questionnaire containing 21 sides, all interviews were conducted by the same interviewer. The questionnaire contained such aspects as "professional surroundings and exposure to environmental dusts", "consumption of tobacco and alcohol", "living area", "nutrition", "hobbies" and "social life". Questions about personal and familial diseases, consumption of medicine and exposure to irradiation were also asked. Differences in exposure to occupational dusts were seen. The highest relative risk (RR) for developing a parotid tumor was seen with weekly exposure to nickel during a period of more than 10 years (RR = 6.0; confidence interval, 1.4-25.5). Similar risk was found with exposure to chromium, asbestos and cement dusts (RR chromium = 3.4; confidence interval, 0.9-14.5; RR asbestos + cement = cement 3.0, confidence interval 1.0-8.9). Higher relative risks were also detected in patients exposed to diagnostic dental x-rays.
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PMID:[The epidemiology of parotid tumors. A case control study]. 846 19

The authors analyse rhinological and otoneurological symptoms in 50 patients with benign craniofacial tumors verified at surgical interventions, computed tomography, NMR-tomography. The tumors involved anterior parts of the brain stem, nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, 34 tumors were diagnosed as meningiomas. Clinical correlations with tumor histology and topography were noted. Specific ENT preoperative, postoperative and long-term complications are described. The diagnosis and treatment of the above patients need cooperation with specialists of the allied fields: neurosurgeons, neuroroentgenologists, otoneurologists, neuro-ophthalmologists.
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PMID:[Features of rhinologic and otoneurologic symptoms and complications in intracranial tumors growing into the nose and paranasal sinuses]. 855 17

Breast cancer is a systemic illness that sometimes affects the ENT area. We report a case of parotid tumor with progressive growth, which rarely originals in the ENT area. We review the literature and discuss the treatment.
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PMID:[Metastasis of breast carcinoma in parotid. A case report and review of the literature]. 855 14

This study analyzes the respiratory complications in a retrospective study of 309 resections for esophageal cancer. We mainly performed two types of resections according to the height of the tumor: the Ivor-Lewis resection for middle thoracic lesions (182 cases), and the Akiyama resection for upper thoracic lesions (127 cases). We compared the respiratory complications occurring after these two procedures. Our overall mortality and morbidity rates were, respectively, 9% and 37%. In our series, the mortality rate was 4 times higher after the Akiyama procedure than after the Ivor-Lewis procedure, and the morbidity was twice as high. Respiratory complications accounted for 64% of the postoperative deaths. The Akiyama procedure yielded more respiratory complications, especially isolated bronchopneumonia and necrosis of the trachea or of the right or left main bronchus. Respiratory complications accounted for 53% of morbidity, mainly recurrent nerve paralysis with false passages and stasis in the transplant. Both are directly related to the surgical act and often result in bronchopneumonia. Rather than the surgical technique or the skill of the surgeon, it seems that local factors, such as the position of the tumor on the esophagus, increased the incidence of recurrent nerve paralysis following the Akiyama procedure. However, the rate of respiratory complications remained high after the Ivor-Lewis procedure. Patient history, which sometimes included a previous ENT cancer, must be taken into account, as well as the gravity of the operation and the duration of the intubation. Frequent false passages and reflux must be fought by intensive physiotherapy and, when necessary, by early tracheotomy before the patient develops postoperative acute respiratory distress syndrome.
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PMID:Respiratory complications after surgical treatment of esophageal cancer. A study of 309 patients according to the type of resection. 856 96

Malignant melanoma is a rare tumor in otorhinolaryngology. In this paper, we have reported the first case of melanoma of nasopharynx which we came across in 20 years of ENT practice. A 55 year old male patient with complaints of swelling of nose and left side of neck, nasal blockage and epistaxis was diagnosed as melanoma of nose with metastasis in the neck based on clinical and radiological examination. The tumour was excised by lateral rhinotomy with supraomohyoid block dissection on the left side. The tumour was found to originate from lateral wall of nasopharynx and middle turbinate. The surgery was followed by radiotherapy. Diagnosis of melanoma was confirmed on histopathology. During 30 months follow-up, no recurrence was noticed.
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PMID:Malignant melanoma of nasopharynx extending to the nose with metastasis in the neck. 856 12

Since February 1979, 22 juvenile angiofibromas have been treated among 312 tumors of the skull base managed in the ENT Department, Fulda. According to a general staff consensus the treatment of choice was complete surgical removal. This was achieved in 20 cases with one operation and in one case with two operations. In addition to removal of tumor, functional and aesthetic aspects had to be considered as aims of operative treatment, including among others preservation of the facial skeleton, infraorbital nerve, nasolacrimal drainage system and vision. In rare cases complete excision of the tumor is not possible. The value of cytostatic therapy is demonstrated in one patient with uncommonly advanced disease. Considering the extensive regression of tumor achieved in this case after chemotherapy with Adriamycin and decarbazine, one has to raise the question if the chemotherapeutic approach was more than just palliative. From our experience chemotherapy should be considered a possible alternative to radiation in the management of unresectable juvenile angiofibromas.
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PMID:[Chemotherapy of juvenile angiofibroma--an alternative?]. 864 2

Author described results of surgical treatment of 28 patients with histologically proven juvenile angiofibroma treated at the ENT Clinic of Warsaw Medical Academy between 1980 and 1990. Histology, morphology and clinical course of this rare tumor was shortly discussed as well as current diagnostic and therapeutic methods.
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PMID:[Juvenile angiofibroma as a diagnostic and therapeutic problem (from the materials of the ENT clinic in Warsaw in 1980-1990)]. 871 86


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