Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 69-year-old man presented with a complaint of pollakisuria, dysuria and anal pain. Digital rectal examination, transrectal ultrasonography and tumor marker of the prostate indicated a giant benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH), but urethrocystogram and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the prostate was not typical of BPH. A diagnosis of giant BPH was made by transrectal needle biopsy of the prostate. However, symptoms of dysuria and anal pain became severe and then a catheter was indwelt into his bladder. A biopsy performed, 3 months later revealed transitional cell carcinoma in the specimens, but he suddenly died of pulmonary infarction.
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PMID:[A case of giant transitional cell carcinoma of the prostate]. 1021 86

Gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors comprise a rare group of gastrointestinal tract wall tumors that have long been a source of confusion and controversy, especially in terms of pathological classification, preoperative diagnosis, management strategies, and prognosis. This report describes the clinical manifestations and management of 2 rectal leiomyomas and reviews the pertinent literature. Case 1: A 44-year-old woman was admitted reporting a nodule in the right para-anal region for the previous 2 years. At proctological examination, a 4-cm diameter fibrous mass situated in the para-anal region that produced an arch under the smooth muscle on the right rectal wall just above the anorectal ring was noted. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen and pelvis showed the lesion and detected no other abnormalities. Surgical treatment consisted of wide local resection of the tumor through a para-anal incision, with no attempts to perform lymphadenectomy. Case 2: A 40-year-old male patient was admitted reporting constant anal pain for 4 months. He presented a 3-cm submucosal nodule at the anterior rectal wall just above the dentate line. After 2 inconclusive preoperative biopsies, transanal resection of the tumor was performed. Histological analysis of the specimen showed a benign leiomyoma. A review of the literature is presented, emphasizing some clinical and therapeutic aspects of this unusual rectal tumor.
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PMID:Anorectal leiomyomas: report of two cases with different anatomical patterns and literature review. 1554 3

A 47-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for anal pain and diagnosed with submucosal tumor by digital examination. Transsacral resection was performed because the patient refused a stoma. Leiomyoma with highly malignant potential was histologically diagnosed. Surveillance was performed by computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and digital examination, but a correct diagnosis was difficult. Due to local tumor increases in the resected region, trans-anal resection was performed 2 years later at the time of local recurrence diagnosis. Over the last 10 years, a total of 8 local resections have been performed since the first surgery. No distant metastases have been confirmed to the patient without a stoma. It appears that a local resection of leimyosarcoma of the rectum with a close surveillance was effective.
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PMID:[A case of long-term survival with recurrence leiomyosarcoma of the rectum treated by repeated local resections]. 1555 52

A 63-year-old man with a history of anal fistula was admitted to our hospital because the anal pain didn't disappear after the operation. On digital examination, a hard mass measuring 3.0 cm in diameter was found at the anal canal. Biopsy of the mass showed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. Colonoscopy revealed another rectal cancer at 15 cm from anal verge. Biopsy of the tumor also showed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, resembling the anal canal tumor. Because the histological findings of both tumors were nearly identical, we considered that cancer cells from the rectal cancer had been implanted and developed the metastatic tumor in the anal fistula. The patient underwent anterior resection for the rectal cancer, and a local resection for the anal canal cancer. Immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67, p53, Muc2, CD10, CK-7, and CK-20 revealed similar patterns in both tumors. Additionally, genetic analysis for p53, K-ras, and MSI revealed similar patterns in both tumors. We may suggest from these results that cancer cells from the rectal cancer had been implanted and developed the metastatic tumor in the anal canal.
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PMID:[A case of anal fistula cancer probably developing from intraluminal dissemination of rectal cancer]. 1631 38

A 63-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with complaints of anal pain, constipation and abdominal distention caused by a rectal tumor. After examinations, she was diagnosed as rectal cancer with multiple liver metastases. The CEA level was 70.0 ng/ml and the CA19-9 level was more than 5,000 U/ml at admission. To prevent bowel obstruction, low anterior resection of the rectum was performed. At 34 days after operation, TS-1 chemotherapy was started as outpatient treatment (each course consisted of daily oral administration of 100 mg TS-1 for 4 weeks followed by 2 drug-free weeks). After the first course, the CEA level was reduced to 3.3 ng/ml and the CA19-9 level to 15 U/ml, both under the normal value. After the second course, administration was discontinued due to diarrhea, and restarted as a daily oral administration of 80 mg TS-1. After the five courses, the CEA level was 4.0 ng/ml and the CA19-9 level was 4 U/ml, both under the normal value. Multiple liver metastases had remarkably reduced in the CT findings. The patient continues to undergo outpatient treatment with good QOL.
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PMID:[A case of rectal cancer with multiple liver metastases responding to TS-1]. 1696 38

Small-cell carcinoma of the prostate (SCCP) is a rare entity. Many treatment modalities have been done, but thus far no uniform treatment has been clearly established. We carried out combination chemotherapy with gemcitabine, docetaxel, and carboplatin (GDC) regimen (for two patients with refractory SCCP. Case 1 involved a 53-year-old man diagnosed with SCCP after receiving hormone therapy for prostate cancer (stage D1). Six cycles of GDC chemotherapy was applied. Initially the primary site reduced according with a decline of neuro-specific enolase and with relief of the symptoms; however, bone disease occurred and he died of cancer 13 months after diagnosis of SCCP. Case 2 involved a 69-year-old man complaining of severe anal pain. He underwent a biopsy and a huge prostate tumor showing SCCP was showed. He had pelvic node metastases but no distant lesions, and received four cycles of GDC chemotherapy. He was discharged after receiving subsequent radiotherapy and remained stable for a while; however, he died of possible drug-induced hepatitis. This is the first report of chemotherapy with GDC against patients with SCCP. This regimen raised the possibility that it would intensify the outcome, which had been poorly achieved.
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PMID:Experience of the treatment with gemcitabine, docetaxel, and carboplatin (GDC) chemotherapy for patients with small-cell carcinoma of the prostate. 1698 66

A 66-year-old man visited our hospital complaining of a high prostate-specific antigen (PSA) (6.9 ng/ml) and dysuria. Prostatic needle biopsies revealed no malignancy in January 1998 and February 1999 (PSA 8.0 ng/ml). Transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) was performed in March 1999. Although none of the TURP specimen showed any malignancy, the PSA level remained high (3.7 ng/ml 1 year after the TURP), and gradually increased. About 3 years later, re-biopsy was done (PSA 13.2 ng/ml) and pathological finding was moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma (Gleason score 3 + 3 = 6). After 9-month MAB, radical prostatectomy (RP) was performed in January 2003 (PSA 4.2 ng/ml). Though the RP specimen showed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma with negative capsule penetration and negative surgical margins, PSA decreased to 2.5 ng/ml and gradually increased. Computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and bone scintigraphy showed neither distant metastasis nor local recurrence. Review of the RP specimen revealed ductal carcinoma with positive capsular penetration and suspicion of positive surgical margins. Although the patient was treated with maximum androgen blockade, diethylstilbestrol diphosphate, and tegafururacil, PSA gradually increased and was kept at a high level (5-6 ng/ml). In December 2005, the patient complained of anal pain and MRI showed a 4.8 x 2.3 cm tumor in the prostatic bed. Needle biopsy of the tumor revealed ductal carcinoma (PSA 6.39 ng/ml). In January 2006 (PSA 11.9 ng/ml), we initiated a treatment with 66 Gy of intensity modulated radiation therapy. In November 2006, PSA decreased to 0.279 ng/ml, and the tumor reduced (3.8 x 1.0 cm) on MRI.
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PMID:[A case of ductal carcinoma of the prostate after transurethral resection of prostate]. 1756 17

Here, we report on a patient with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) arising from recurrent anal fistula. The patient was a 57-year-old woman who had 32-year history of having a recurrent perianal abscesses that ruptured spontaneously. Six months before her admission to our hospital, anal pain developed. She had no history of inflammatory bowel disease. Physical examination revealed three external fistulous openings at the two o'clock position, 2 cm from the anal verge. One internal opening in the lower rectum was found with proctoscopy. The patient underwent fistulectomy. Microscopic examination showed SCC arising from the anal fistula, which was accompanied by vessel invasion. The tumor was observed to be continuous from the external opening but was not exposed to the internal opening of the rectal mucosa. Because human papillomavirus (HPV) infection was suspected, immunohistochemical analysis was performed, but showed no HPV infection. Two weeks after fistulectomy, abdominoperineal resection with lymph node dissection was performed. Histopathological examination revealed no remnant cancer tissue or lymph node metastasis. She was discharged after surgery without complications. Eight years after the operation, she complained of constant pain during micturition. Urological examination revealed urinary bladder cancer, and transurethral resection of the bladder tumor was performed. Histopathological examination revealed transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Two years later, the patient died of metastatic urinary bladder cancer, without recurrence of the fistula cancer. Because the patients mother had died of urinary bladder cancer and she herself had metachronous urinary bladder cancer in addition to fistula cancer, we investigated whether microsatellite instability (MSI) and chromosomal instability correlated with fistula cancer development. Immunohistochemical analysis of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded surgical tumor specimens for p53, MLH1, and MSH2 was performed. The tumor specimens showed no MLH1 expression but did show normal MSH2 expression. p53 was not expressed. Five microsatellite loci were examined using the tumor specimens to detect MSI, namely two loci with mononucleotide runs (i.e., BAT25 and BAT26) and three loci with dinucleotide repeats (i.e., APC, Mfd15, and D2S123). The tumor specimens showed alternations in the repeated sequences of two loci (i.e., BAT26 and D2S123). As a result, the tumor was classified as MSI-H (high) according to the Bethesda criteria. Our patient had MSI and one of the smallest reported SCCs arising from recurrent anal fistulae.
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PMID:Squamous cell carcinoma arising from recurrent anal fistula. 1787 4

A 73-year-old man, who was diagnosed as having advanced anorectal malignant melanoma (Stage IV), was treated with combination chemotherapy using dacarbazine, nimustine, cisplatin, and tamoxifen plus interferon-beta. After the first course of chemotherapy, rectal tumor was decreased in size with less anal pain and liver tumor was disappeared. Twenty-four months after the first treatment, the patient is survived. DAC-Tam IFN-beta therapy may improve the management of patients who have advanced MM of the anorectum.
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PMID:[Combined treatment with dacarbazine, nimustine, cisplatin, and tamoxifen plus interferon-beta in a patient with advanced anorectal malignant melanoma]. 1898 48

A 71-year-old woman with peri-anal pain and anal bleeding was found to have a tumor in lower rectum in colonoscopic examination, which was histologically diagnosed as poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed a tumor 5 cm in diameter deeply infiltrating mesorectum, and swelling of intra-pelvic lymph nodes. At the first operation, infiltration of the tumor was so deep that a complete surgical resection was considered to be difficult, and only a sigmoid colostomy construction was done. After chemo-radiation therapy of 50.4 Gy and 5-FU plus levofolinate calcium (Isovorin) infusion, the tumor was reduced in size and lymph nodes were extremely decreased. The patient underwent an abdominoperinial resection 6 weeks after the end of chemo-radiation, and pathological examination revealed a complete replacement of tumor with necrosed tissue, and no viable tumor cell was found. Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the colon is reported to be highly malignant and associated with poor prognosis. Preoperative chemo-radiation therapy can be a promising candidate for adjuvant treatment of locally-advanced poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the rectum.
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PMID:[A complete response of locally-advanced poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the rectum to pre-operative chemo-radiation therapy]. 1910 56


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