Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Diarrhoea is defined as the frequent passage of loose or watery stools. Most patients can easily recognise and accurately define acute diarrhoea as an abrupt change in their bowel habits. Chronic or recurrent diarrhoea is more difficult for the patient to define, since it may mean malabsorption, tenesmus or true diarrhoea. Serious disorders not to be missed include neoplasia, AIDS, various serious infections such as amoebiasis, and inflammatory bowel disease.
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PMID:Diarrhoea. 152 Jan 38

Neoplasms of the bovine gastrointestinal tract are rare, possibly because of the low age of the sample population (slaughtered cattle). Forestomach neoplasia (papilloma/squamous cell carcinoma) has a high incidence in cattle from northern England and Scotland because of the mutagenic effects of bracken fern consumption and its interaction with BPV-4. Lymphosarcoma in the abomasum occurs in 41 per cent of cattle with lymphosarcoma, the most common bovine neoplasm in the United States. Small intestinal adenocarcinoma is associated with the papilloma/squamous cell carcinoma complex in the forestomach in England and Scotland, but occurs sporadically in other geographic locations. These lesions may be amenable to surgery, but death from metastatic disease occurs within 1 year. Neoplasms of the large intestine are rarely reported, but usually are adenocarcinoma. Adenoma and fibroma of the rectum may produce clinical signs of tenesmus and rectal prolapse. In general, neoplasia in cattle carries a poor prognosis because of early metastasis of adenocarcinoma and the high fatality of lymphosarcoma. Forestomach fibroma may be treated surgically with success, and palliative surgery for focal small intestinal tumors may be rewarding in individual cases.
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PMID:Neoplasms of the bovine gastrointestinal tract. 220 May 79

We present 3 homosexual male patients, with lesions confined to the rectum, produced by chlamydia trachomatis. In the 3 patients the lesions were confined to the first 10 cm from of the anal margin, they were nodular, ulcerated and with stenotic tendency, difficult to differentiate macroscopically from a neoplasm. Multiple biopsy specimens from all patients reported chronic unspecific proctitis. In the 3 patients the presence of chlamydia trachomatis was confirmed by staining with lugol and giemsa from samples obtained by rectal smear, two of them presented simultaneous infection by neisseria gonorrhoeae, all were positive for HBsAg and one for HIV. Symptoms were tenesmus rectal urge, pain, thin feces and mucosanguinolent discharge. Treatment with 100 mg. Doxycycline BID for 21 days resulted in total remission in two patients; one patient with significant clinical improvement needed rectal bougienage.
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PMID:[Chlamydial proctitis in homosexual men]. 253 52

A case of ileal leiomyosarcoma which was preoperatively diagnosed as a retrovesical tumor in a 41-year-old male patient was reported. He consulted our department with a complaint of tenesmus ani. CT, MRI and ultrasonography showed a mass in the retrovesical space which was palpable superior to the prostate in anal digital examination. Intraoperatively, the tumor was found to originate from the ileum, 250 cm from the ileocecal joint (Bauhin's valve). It is difficult to make diagnosis of leiomyosarcomas of small intestine preoperatively. Thirty-eight cases of leiomyosarcoma of small intestine reported in the recent 5 years in Japan are reviewed and discussed.
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PMID:[A case of ileal leiomyosarcoma, difficult to differentiate from retrovesical tumor: report of a case]. 268 55

Seven patients with recurrent superficial bladder tumors were treated by vesical and intradermal administration of BCG. All of these patients have had recurrence more than 2 times. BCG instillation was performed every weeks for 6 weeks after transurethral resection of bladder tumor. A suspension containing 120 mg BCG in 40 ml normal saline was instilled intravesically. BCG was administered into alternate upper thighs using a multiple puncture apparatus. Statistical analysis of bladder tumor in our hospital revealed the second recurrence rate to be 73.2%. The reduction of tumor recurrence rate of BCG treated patients was 43.0%. The reduction of tumor recurrence by BCG treatment was statistically significant, compared to other treatments. It seemed that patients with severe side effects such as bladder tenesmus and urinary infection, have a long tumor-free period. Therefore, we suggest that the reactive inflammation in bladder during BCG treatment plays an important role.
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PMID:[Intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin in the treatment of recurrent superficial bladder tumors]. 322 63

Colorectal adenocarcinoma was diagnosed in 78 dogs. Clinical signs in all 78 dogs included tenesmus, hematochezia, and dyschezia; most of the dogs had clinical signs less than or equal to 12 weeks before examination. Ultimately, most dogs were euthanatized because of the severity of clinical signs. Proctoscopy and colonoscopy were essential for complete assessment of extent of disease. Tumors were classified by gross appearance and included single, pedunculated masses, 2 or more nodular masses, and annular or intraluminal masses. In dogs in which survival time was compared with location and gross appearance of the tumor, dogs with annular masses had the shortest mean survival time (1.6 months), and dogs with single, pedunculated, polypoid tumors had the longest mean survival time (32 months). The rectum was a more common site than the colon, with 48.2% of the tumors developing in the middle portion of the rectum. Six different modes of surgical treatment were used, depending on the location and type of mass. Dogs that did not have surgical treatment had a mean survival time of 15 months. Mean survival time in the surgically treated dogs varied slightly according to mode of treatment; they survived 7 to 9 months longer than the untreated dogs. Dogs that underwent cryosurgery and local excision had the longest survival times (24 and 22 months, respectively). Statistical analysis disclosed a significantly longer survival time for dogs treated by excision or cryosurgery, as opposed to dogs undergoing biopsy only (P = 0.001). Statistical difference in survival times was not found between dogs that had mass excision and those that had cryosurgery.
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PMID:Colorectal adenocarcinoma in dogs: 78 cases (1973-1984). 367 65

Fifty-two non-surgical patients presenting rectal carcinoma were treated initially with palliative laser Nd-YAG. Their mean age was 79 years (49-92). Thirty patients had a severe diarrheic syndrome, associated with tenesmus in 27 cases; 20 patients had repeated hematochezia (5 presenting diarrhea as well); 6 had obstructive signs and one was symptom-free. Thirty lesions were less than 6 cm in size, 12 were between 7 and 10 cm and 10 were greater than 10 cm. Twenty-two lesions were circumferential. During the study period, 444 laser sessions were performed (mean 8.5/patient). Bleeding was stopped in all cases during the first session. Improvement of the diarrheic syndrome, obtained in 24 of the 30 patients, was correlated with the reduction of tumor volume. Tenesmus disappeared after 1 or 2 sessions, regardless of whether the tumor was destroyed or not. Failure was observed in 6 patients with lesions larger than 10 cm. Colostomy was avoided in 4 of the 6 obstructed patients. Negative biopsies were repeatedly obtained after mucosal repair in 9 patients with small lesions (less than 6 cm). Mean follow-up is now 8.2 months for the patients still alive. Complications were: 2 cicatricial stenosis and 3 hemorrhages (one required blood transfusion). Laser Nd-YAG allows palliative but conservative and effective treatment for rectal cancers. Although complete destruction is possible for small lesions, indications with curative intent are currently limited to patients with major contraindications to surgery.
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PMID:[Treatment of rectal cancer with the neodymium-YAG laser]. 369 87

An unusual small intestinal tumor was found in a 61-year-old male who complained of intermittent right lower quadrant burning pain, tenesmus, and bloody diarrhea. On gross examination, the tumor was located intramurally in the distal jejunum with no involvement of the overlying mucosa. Histologic examination revealed two elements: a spindle cell component with characteristics reminiscent of a Schwann cell neoplasm, and nests of larger epithelioid-like cells almost undistinguishable from the Zellballen of nonchromaffin paragangliomas. The neoplasm originated within the intestinal wall without apparent mucosal origin. Ultrastructural studies revealed features recapitulating the normal enteric plexus structure and quite unlike those described in normal or neoplastic smooth muscle, Schwann or paraganglion cells. On this basis, this neoplasm is considered as a malignant enteric plexus tumor or a plexosarcoma.
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PMID:Malignant small bowel neoplasm of enteric plexus derivation (plexosarcoma). Light and electron microscopic study confirming the origin of the neoplasm. 632 Nov 18

A total of 50 patients with carcinoma of the rectum were treated with 5-fluorouracil suppository before operation. The suppository, which was made of Witepsol suppository base containing 5-fluorouracil, yielded high drug concentrations in carcinoma, draining blood and regional lymph nodes. As a clinical response to the suppository, a significant decrease in the size of tumor mass was noted in 8 of 50 carcinomas, but in other cases the gross change was unmeasurable. Thirty-three percent of the surgically resected carcinomas were histologically judged to have responded to the suppository. In such cases, histologic changes correlated well with the total dose of 5-fluorouracil. The adverse effects of the suppository were confined to anal pain, tenesmus and anal bleeding, probably due to the topical effect of 5-fluorouracil on the rectal mucosa.
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PMID:Preoperative use of 5-fluorouracil suppository for carcinoma of the rectum. 705 85

The author studied the medical records of 133 patients who underwent surgery for adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum in the Metropolitan Hospital Complex Arnulfo Arias Madrid from June 1972 to July 1992. In 9 (6.7%) the tumor was staged as Dukes A, in 49 (36.8%) as Dukes B; in 60 (43.1%) as Dukes C and in 10 (16.7%) as Dukes D. The anatomical location of the tumor was the cecum in 9 (6.7%), the ascending colon in 3 (2.3%), the sigmoid colon in 44 (33%) and the rectum in 41 (31.6%). Of the rectal carcinomas 24 (58.5%) were in the inferior one third, 10 (24.3) were in the middle and 7 (17%) in the superior third. It is evident that nearly two thirds of the tumors were within reach of the digital rectal examination of the sigmoidoscopic examination. The parents ranged from 21 to 89 years of age and their median age was 63 years. 73 patients were women and 60 were men. 60.5% of the women and 39.5% of the men had carcinoma of the colon. The sexual prevalence of carcinoma of the rectum was different: 5% were in men and 43% were in women. 2.2% of the tumors were synchronous and 4% were metachronous. The author discusses the number, type and indications for the surgical procedures used. There were no perioperative deaths. The 5 year survival for adenocarcinomas of the colon was 100% for those patients with tumors staged as Dukes A, 78.5% for the Dukes B, 61.1% for the Dukes C and 0% for those staged as Dukes D. For the rectal adenocarcinomas the 5 year survival was 100% for those patients with tumors in Stage Dukes A, 57.1%, for those in Dukes B, 33.3 for those in Dukes C and 0% in those in Dukes D. These results indicate that these patients are seen in an advanced stage and point to the urgent need to make the diagnosis in early, curable stages. The low incidence of tumors in stage Dukes A indicates an indifference of the patients and/or the doctors to the symptoms and signs of this disease. The most frequent symptoms, in descending order were: bleeding on defecation (all types), change in bowel habits (diarrhea or constipation), abdominal pains, tenesmus and anemia (with its different clinical manifestations). Other symptoms were a palapable abdominal mass, feces with bloody mucus and rectal prolapse on defecation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[Colorectal cancer. A study of 133 surgical cases]. 847 34


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