Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A questionnaire survey of 716 veterinary practices was undertaken to determine the incidence of Spirocerca lupi in dogs in South Africa. In total, 49% of the questionnaires were returned, indicating a possible incidence of 28%. Fewer than 4 cases per year were recorded by 82% of the respondents; 4-12 by 14%; 12-24 by 3%; and more than 48 by only 1%. No seasonal incidence was reported by 48% of the respondents. Large breeds were considered to be at greater risk by 43% of respondents. No specific age or sex was identified to be at higher risk. The most common complaints by owners and clinical findings were vomiting (46%), weight loss (27%), coughing (21%) or regurgitation (20%), although 14% of respondents reported no abnormal clinical findings. Diagnostic methods used were radiology (74%), endoscopy (27%), post mortem examination (34%) and faecal flotation (4%). Complications associated with S. lupi were reported by 76% of respondents, which included oesophageal neoplasia (41%), hypertrophic osteopathy (38%) and acute haemothorax (30%). Specific treatments were used by 58% of the respondents, whereas 42% of the respondents either used no treatment (72%) or recommended euthanasia (28%). Of the treatment group, 52% used ivermectin, 27% doramectin, 13% other deworming drugs (benzimidazoles, nitroscanate), and 8% used disophenol. Sixty-three percent of the respondents considered their treatment ineffective, whereas 31% considered it effective, and 6% were unsure. The overall mortality rate was high.
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PMID:Survey of the incidence, diagnosis, clinical manifestations and treatment of Spirocerca lupi in South Africa. 1094 17

Extensive palatal defects cause substantial morbidity, including nasal regurgitation, poor oral hygiene, loose-fitting obturators, and difficulty with speech. Microvascular techniques allow the surgeon to repair these complex defects with a one-stage reconstruction, in contrast to possible multistage local or regional flap reconstruction. In this retrospective review, the authors present their 5-year experience with free flap coverage of extensive palatal defects. From 1993 to 1998, 6 patients underwent free flap coverage of large palatal defects. The etiology of the large palatal defects included trauma (N = 1), neoplasm (N = 4), and a recurrent congenital cleft palatal fistula (N = 1). Three patients underwent osteocutaneous radial forearm flaps and 1 patient underwent a fasciocutaneous radial forearm flap. The remaining 2 patients underwent rectus abdominis muscle flaps. The ipsilateral facial artery and vein were used as the recipient vessels in all patients. There were no intraoperative complications (surgical or anesthetic). Postoperatively, 2 patients had surgical evacuation of small flap hematomas. One patient underwent revision of the fasciocutaneous flap. All flaps survived. In our experience, the benefits of free flap reconstruction of complex palatal fistulas seem to outweigh the risks of the operation, with reliable long-term results.
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PMID:Free flap closure in complex congenital and acquired defects of the palate. 1098 29

Inflammatory pseudotumor is a tumor-like reactive lesion of unknown etiology that rarely affects the heart. We describe an unusual case of a cardiac inflammatory pseudotumor that involved the aortic valve and caused regurgitation in a 62-year-old man. The lesion was excised and the aortic valve was replaced, resulting in a favorable outcome for the patient.
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PMID:Inflammatory pseudotumor of the heart causing aortic regurgitation. 1130 97

Fibrovascular polyps are extremely rare benign neoplasms of the esophagus. The most prominent clinical symptom is enoral tumor regurgitation, which may lead to asphyxiation by pharyngeal impaction. Usually fibrovascular polyps cause dysphagia and progressive weight loss. Diagnosis by endoscopy and barium swallow may be unexpectedly difficult. The most frequent incorrect diagnoses are achalasia or an intramural or mediastinal tumorous mass compressing the esophagus. CT scan and MR imaging are of little help. Small polyps may be resected endoscopically by means of electrocautery or Nd:YAG laser ablation. In most cases, however, surgical resection is required. Since the basis of the polyp is usually located subcricoidally, tumor exposure and resection are achieved by esophagotomy via a left cervical approach. Thoracotomy is seldom required.
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PMID:[Fibrovascular esophageal polyp--diagnosis and therapy]. 1149 Jul 66

We report an unusual case of Brunner gland hamartoma of the duodenal bulb with multiple ciliated cysts in a 43-year-old man. The patient presented with regurgitation. An endoscopy of the upper digestive tract revealed the presence of a pedunculated tumor of the first duodenum. Surgical resection of the antrum and first duodenum was performed. The polypoid lesion measured 3.5 cm and was located in the submucosa. It was composed of predominant adipose tissue containing hyperplastic lobules of Brunner gland and cystic ducts lined by ciliated cells. Brunner gland hamartoma is a rare benign duodenal lesion; it is usually composed of mature but disorganized tissues and is found most commonly in the duodenum. The presence of ciliated cells in the gut mucosa is a rare phenomenon, which has already been described in the esophagus and stomach. We report an unusual case of ciliated metaplasia in a duodenal Brunner gland hamartoma.
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PMID:Brunner gland hamartoma with predominant adipose tissue and ciliated cysts. 1203 68

We report on the case of a 34-year-old male patient suffering from end-stage carcinoid heart disease with severe tricuspid, pulmonary and mitral valve regurgitation. In addition, a persisting foramen ovale was present. The primary carcinoid tumor was never discovered. However, urine 5-hydroxy-indole-acetic-acid (5-HIAA) were consistently elevated after the first diagnosis of carcinoid disease and after eight years of medication with Octreotide and Interferon alpha-2b our patient developed significant cardiac insufficiency mainly due to severe valvular dysfunction. Ultimately, mechanical tricuspid, mitral and pulmonary valve replacement was performed. Twelve hours following the operation the patient had to be returned to the operating room for persisting intrathoracic hemorrhage. He recovered uneventfully and was discharged from hospital on day 37. Twelve months following triple valve replacement the cardiac status recovered from preoperative NYHA-IV to NYHA-I.
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PMID:Triple valve replacement in a patient with severe carcinoid heart disease. 1204 40

A 7-year-old, neutered male Labrador Retriever presented for a persistent, productive cough and regurgitation. Radiography, ultrasonography, and computed tomography confirmed a large, smoothly marginated intrathoracic mass causing tracheal compression. The mass was removed via a thoracotomy, and a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, most likely originating from the ventral spinal nerve roots, was confirmed using immunohistochemistry.
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PMID:An intrathoracic malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor in a dog. 1208 20

Titanocene dichloride is an organometallic compound composed of two cyclopentadienyl rings, titanium, and chloride. It is used as a cocatalyst in polymerization reactions. Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies were conducted by administering titanocene dichloride (greater than 98% pure) in corn oil by gavage to groups of F344/N rats for 14 days, 13 weeks, and 2 years. Genetic toxicology studies were conducted in Salmonella typhimurium and in Chinese hamster ovary cells. 14-Day and 13-Week Studies: In the 14-day studies, titanocene dichloride was administered at doses of 0, 65, 125, 250, 500, or 1,000 mg/kg. All high-dose rats and four of the five male and two of the five female rats given 500 mg/kg died during the studies. A dose-related decrease in body weight gain was seen in rats given 125, 250, 500, and 1,000 mg/kg. Lesions related to chemical administration included hepatocellular necrosis, tubule necrosis in the kidney, erosions and ulcers of the glandular stomach, and hyperplasia of the forestomach epithelium. The 13-week studies were conducted by administering titanocene dichloride at doses of 0, 8, 16, 31, 62, or 125 mg/kg. One female rat in the 125 mg/kg dose group died from chemical toxicity during the fourth week of the studies. Body weight gain was lower in rats given 62 or 125 mg/kg than in control groups. Treatment-associated histopathologic lesions were seen in the stomachs of high-dose males and all groups of females given titanocene dichloride. These lesions included hyperplasia and metaplasia of the glandular stomach and hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis of the forestomach. Body Weight and Survival in the 2-Year Studies: The doses selected for the 2-year studies in rats (0, 25, and 50 mg/kg) were based on the potentially life-threatening nature of the glandular stomach lesions and the decreased body weight gain compared to controls seen in the 62 and 125 mg/kg dose groups in the 13-week studies. The final mean body weights of high-dose males and females were 91% and 89% of controls, respectively. The 2-year survival rates for males in the control, low-, and high-dose groups were 41/60, 30/60, and 24/60; survival rates for female rats were 37/60, 30/61, and 31/60. Nonneoplastic and Neoplastic Effects in the 2-Year Studies: The principal toxic effects associated with the administration of titanocene dichloride for 2 years occurred in the stomach. The lesions in the stomach were seen at the 15-month interim evaluations and were similar to, but less severe than, those observed at 2 years. The lesions included focal erosions of the glandular mucosa with an associated inflammatory response, hyperplasia and metaplasia of the epithelium of the fundic glands, and fibrosis of the lamina propria and submucosa. Forestomach lesions included focal acanthosis (hyperplasia) and hyperkeratosis of the stratified squamous epithelium. Squamous cell papillomas of the forestomach were seen in four low-dose males, one high-dose male, one low-dose female, and two high-dose females; none were observed in controls. A squamous cell carcinoma of the forestomach occurred in one low-dose male and a benign basosquamous tumor occurred in one high-dose male. Accumulations of macrophages with blue-gray pigment believed to contain titanium were present in many organs of dosed rats including the gastrointestinal tract, liver, lung, and lymph nodes. A dose-related increase in the incidence of inflammation of the nasal mucosa and lung also occurred and was attributed to reflux and/or regurgitation and aspiration of gavage solution due to the severe stomach lesions. Genetic Toxicology: Titanocene dichloride was mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100 in the absence of exogenous metabolic activation (S9); it was not mutagenic in TA100 with S9, nor was it mutagenic in TA1535, TA1537, or TA98 with or without S9. Titanocene dichloride did not induce sister chromatid exchanges or chromosomal aberrations in Chinese hamster ovary cells, with or without S9. Conclusions: Under the conditions of these 2-year gavage studies, there was equivocal, there was equivocal evidence of carcinogenic activity of titanocene dichloride in male F344/N rats based on a marginal increase in the incidence of forestomach squamous cell papillomas, squamous cell carcinoma, and basosquamous tumor benign. There was equivocal evidence of carcinogenic activity of titanocene dichloride in female F344/N rats based on a marginal increase in the incidence of forestomach squamous cell papillomas. Nonneoplastic lesions associated with the administration of titanocene dichloride for up to 2 years included erosions and inflammation of the gastric mucosa, hyperplasia and metaplasia of the fundic glands with fibrosis of the lamina propria in the glandular stomach, and acanthosis (hyperplasia) and hyperkeratosis of the forestomach epithelium. Synonyms: Titanium ferrocene; biscyclopentadienyltitanium dichloride; dichlorodi-p-cyclopentadienyltitanium; dichlorobis(h5-2,4-cyclopentadien-1-yl)titanium; dicyclopentadienyltitanium dichloride; dichlorodicyclopentadienyltitanium; dichlorotitanocene; dicyclopentadienyldichlorotitanium; dichlorobis(p-cyclopentadienyl)titanium; bis (h5-cyclopentadienyl) titanium dichloride; dichlorobis(h5-cyclopentadienyl)titanium; dichlorobiscyclopentadienyl titanium; dichlorobis(1,3-cyclopentadiene)titanium; bis(cyclopentadienyl)dichlorotitanium
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PMID:NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Titanocene Dichloride (CAS No. 1271-19-8) in F344/N Rats (Gavage Studies). 1263 60

Fibrovascular polyps are extremely rare benign neoplasias of the esophagus, which usually originate in the lower cricoid area. They do not produce any discomfort in the patient for a long time, however it may make itself evident by the patient's regurgitation of the polyp, producing asphyxia or, more frequently, dysphagia. The case of a 58 year old male patient is presented herein, with a 9 month record of dysphagia, weight loss and intermittent melena. The barium x-ray showed a distended esophagus, with a tumor running from the upper esophageal sphincter to the cardia. The endoscopy confirmed the presence of a pediculated tumor, implanted in the cervical esophagus. Surgeons suspected the potential malignancy of the tumor and performed a transhiatal esophagectomy. The final pathologic diagnosis was giant fibrovascular esophageal polyp.
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PMID:[Giant esophageal fibrovascular polyp]. 1453 22

A 68-year old woman was hospitalised because of isolated right heart failure. Doppler echocardiography revealed severe tricuspid regurgitation with thickened, shortened, hypomobile leaflets. Pulmonary valve was thickened with mild pulmonary regurgitation. Mitral and aortic valves were normal. The patient was finally diagnosed with carcinoid heart disease from an isolated ovarian carcinoid cancer without hepatic metastases. Ovarectomy was performed and the patient was considered cured of her cancer. Because of refractory right heart failure, she underwent tricuspid valve replacement with a bioprosthesis. Such cardiovascular manifestations are rarely the presenting symptoms of carcinoid disease. Carcinoid heart disease from ovarian primary cancer is exceptional. In this circumstance, carcinoid cardiac lesions may develop in the absence of hepatic metastases because the venous blood from the ovaries drains into the inferior vena cava without hepatic first past effect. Surgical resection of primary ovarian carcinoid tumor is often curative and the prognosis depends mainly on the cardiac condition. The diagnosis of carcinoid syndrome should be discussed in patients with organic tricuspid regurgitation without left valvular disease.
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PMID:[Isolated carcinoid tumor of the ovary disclosed by tricuspid insufficiency]. 1462 39


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