Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Lonidamine revealed synergistic effects with anthracyclines and alkylating agents in experimental investigations. It differs from conventional cytostatics by acting on the cell energy metabolism and also lacks their typical side effects; therefore it may be valuable to be combined with established chemotherapeutic regimens. Because in unselected patients the results of randomized studies may be influenced by differences in type and combination of prognostic factors, we defined strict entry criteria: no previous systemic palliative treatment, disease-free interval less than or equal to 2 years, measurable visceral metastases, number of tumor sites less than or equal to 2, no brain or bone metastases, World Health Organization performance status less than or equal to 2, age less than or equal to 55. In an ongoing rate, remission duration, time to treatment failure, and survival time in patients treated with vindesin 3 mg/m2 plus epirubicin 100 mg/m2 plus cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2 (day 1, intravenous, repeated every 3 weeks) +/- lonidamine 600 mg/day orally. Eight of 12 patients achieved an objective remission (complete response 4, partial response 4), 1 patients had a stable disease, 2 patients experienced tumor progression; 1 patient is not yet evaluable for response. In spite of the intensity of the therapy no treatment interval prolongation was necessary. Main toxicities were myelosuppression, nausea, emesis, alopecia, and in patients treated with lonidamine, mild myalgia. The addition of lonidamine to polychemotherapy did not affect myelosuppression. Differences in remission rates or remission duration due to lonidamine could not yet be demonstrated.
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PMID:Lonidamine in high-risk breast cancer patients. 203 Nov 99

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) induces hemorrhagic necrosis in the Meth A mouse tumor model and has shown cytostatic and cytotoxic antitumor effects against a wide range of human tumors both in vitro and as human tumor xenografts in nude mice. Because of in vitro activity against colorectal tumors and antitumor responses in colon cancer patients in phase I trials, this phase II study was undertaken. Patients were treated with TNF administered daily for 5 days/week every other week at a dose of 150 micrograms/m2/day as a 30-min i.v. infusion. One cycle consisted of 4 weeks of treatment over an 8-week period. Twenty-five patients have been entered into this study with three patients ineligible. The 22 eligible patients ranged in age from 38-73 years and had initial performance status of 0 in 10 patients, 1 in 10 patients, and 2 in 2 patients. No complete or partial responses were seen. Two patients had stable disease (no response) and 18 patients progressed. Two patients had no evaluation and were assumed to have had no response. The response rate is therefore 0%, with a 95% exact confidence interval of 0% to 15%. There was one grade 4 toxicity consisting of nausea and vomiting. Most common grade 3 toxicities were chills and fever in four patients, nausea and vomiting in three patients, and anemia and elevated liver enzymes in two patients. Headache, myalgia/arthralgia, and elevated serum triglycerides were frequently seen. Mildly elevated levels of fibrin split products were seen after TNF treatment in 5/13 evaluable patients and one ineligible patient.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:A phase II trial of recombinant tumor necrosis factor in patients with metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma: a Southwest Oncology Group study. 207 44

These guidelines propose performance criteria for the history and examination of patients with temporomandibular (TM) disorders. Pertinent diagnostic subcategories are identified, and the comprehensive history and review of systems are described. The examination procedures include documentation of temporomandibular and craniocervical range of motion, TM joint sounds, and the recording of muscle and joint tenderness. The TM disorders addressed include muscle problems such as myalgia, protective splinting or trismus, spasm, myositis, dyskinesia, muscle contracture, hypertrophy, and bruxism. Temporomandibular joint disorders addressed include disk-condyle incoordination, restricted condyle translation, open condyle dislocation, arthralgia, osteoarthritis, polyarthritis, and traumatic joint injury. Disorders of mandibular mobility such as ankylosis, adhesions, fibrosis, skeletal obstruction, and hypermobility are also described. Finally, disorders of maxillomandibular growth, including masticatory muscle hypertrophy, atrophy, neoplasia, maxillomandibular hypoplasia, condylar agenesis, maxillomandibular hyperplasia, and condyle hypertrophy are described.
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PMID:Guidelines for the examination and diagnosis of temporomandibular disorders. 260 95

The anti-tumor activity of high-dose recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2) has been demonstrated in several recent preclinical and clinical studies. In an attempt to study possible synergistic effects with low-dose cyclophosphamide (CYC), a phase II clinical trial was initiated in 32 patients, 18 with malignant melanoma (MM) and 14 with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The recombinant IL-2 (Cetus Corp., Emeryville, Ca, U.S.A.) was given once daily at 3 x 10(6) U/m2, as a 30-min infusion for 14 days in cycle I and for five days twice in cycles II and III, respectively; if tolerated, the dose was escalated to a maximum of 6 x 10(6) U/m2/day; the cycles, separated by 1-week treatment-free intervals, were each preceded by a single i.v. bolus of CYC at 350 mg/m2. The most prominent side-effects encountered in this trial consisted of a capillary leak syndrome, myalgia and fever requiring dose reduction in half of the patients during the first cycle. Given the limit of tolerable toxicities in a standard care unit, the regimen employed achieved minor anti-tumor activity. No objective responses were achieved in patients with RCC and a 15% remission rate (PR + MR) was seen in melanoma patients.
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PMID:A multicenter trial of interleukin-2 and low-dose cyclophosphamide in highly chemotherapy-resistant malignancies. 267 Feb 15

The case is reported of a 19-year-old patient with gastric carcinoma, in which clinical presentation (intermittent fever, myalgia, proximal muscle weakness and diffuse nodular-trabeculated infiltration of both lungs) was very unusual. The patient developed further complications (microangiopathic hemolytic anemia with disseminated intravascular coagulation) and died of subdural hematoma. Bone-marrow biopsy showed metastatic mucin-producing adenocarcinoma, but the gastric primary site of the tumor could only be demonstrated at autopsy.
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PMID:[Occult gastric adenocarcinoma with pulmonary carcinomatous lymphangitis and microangiopathic hemolytic anemia in a young adult]. 298 15

Twenty previously treated patients with advanced bone sarcomas received thrice weekly im 50 X 10(6) IU/m2 doses of human alfa-interferon (interferon alfa-2a, recombinant; Roche). Seventeen patients had metastatic osteosarcomas and one each had fibrosarcoma, mesenchymal chondrosarcoma, and malignant fibrous histiocytoma. Two patients with osteosarcoma and the one with malignant fibrous histiocytoma experienced objective partial tumor regression for 1, 3, and 2 months, respectively. Fever, anorexia, myalgia, fatigue, lethargy, and moderate myelosuppression were observed commonly, and some patients developed mild nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. No patient withdrew because of toxicity and no dose reductions were necessary except adjustments for changes in body surface area secondary to weight loss.
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PMID:Phase II study of recombinant alfa-2a interferon in patients with advanced bone sarcomas. 303 15

A total of 21 patients with advanced metastatic malignant melanoma were treated in this efficacy study of recombinant leukocyte A interferon (interferon alpha-2a). Patients received 18 X 10(6) units interferon alpha-2a by i.m. injection daily for the first 10 weeks and then three times weekly for a further 4 months. The symptoms of toxicity observed in this study resembled those previously reported for alpha interferons and included fever, chills, fatigue, anorexia, myalgia, headache, occasional nausea and vomiting, dose-dependent reversible leukopenia, and hepatic transaminase elevations. Of the 21 patients, 12 had evidence of tumor progression, 6 had stable disease for at least 2 months, and complete remission was seen in 3 patients with stage III melanoma. We conclude that interferon alpha-2a appears to have some antiproliferative effect in metastatic malignant melanoma. While its use in stage IV patients with big tumor masses is doubtful, there seems to be therapeutic benefit in earlier stages.
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PMID:Phase II trial of recombinant leukocyte A interferon in advanced malignant melanoma. 358 16

A 44-year-old man with inflammatory pseudotumor of the thymus is reported. The patient was seen with fever, myalgia, and dyspnea and was found to have an anterior mediastinal mass and bilateral pleural effusions. The resected lesion consisted of a well-circumscribed mass of chronic inflammatory and fibrous tissue that virtually replaced the thymus. There was no morphological evidence of neoplasia. The patient's symptoms and roentgenographic abnormalities resolved with excision of most of the mass. To our knowledge, this report is the first instance of inflammatory pseudotumor of the thymus.
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PMID:Inflammatory pseudotumor of the thymus. 375 83

Carboplatin has been developed for clinical trials as a less nephrotoxic, less emetogenic analog of cisplatin. In preclinical tumor models it was less potent than the parent compound on a molar basis, but reduced toxicity allowed comparable antitumor doses to be given. In phase I studies its dose-limiting toxicities were reversible myelosuppression, especially thrombocytopenia. Leucopenia and anemia occurred to a lesser degree. Other reported toxicities included nausea, vomiting, malaise, myalgia, arthralgia, ototoxicity, hypomagnesemia, and proteinuria. Nausea and vomiting occurred frequently, but was much less severe than that observed with cisplatin. The incidence of serum creatinine elevations was low. The increase was usually reversible and occurred only in association with administration of aminoglycosides, or abnormal pretreatment renal function. Recommended phase II doses by schedule are: bolus every 4 weeks, 400-500 mg/m2 (560 mg/m2 in children); 24 hour continuous infusion every 4 weeks, 320-400 mg/m2; weekly bolus for 4 consecutive weeks with 2 weeks rest, 100-125 mg/m2 (175 mg/m2 in children); bolus for 5 consecutive days every 4 weeks, 77-95 mg/m2. Objective responses were observed during these phase I studies in adult patients (head and neck, breast, renal carcinomas) and children (osteosarcoma, brain stem lesions). In addition to phase II evaluations in all major tumor types, plans for phase III studies in selected tumors are underway.
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PMID:Results of NCI-sponsored phase I trials with carboplatin. 391 Feb 21

The clinical and immunologic effects of a biosynthetic human leukocyte interferon, recombinant leukocyte A interferon (IFL-rA), are reported in eight patients with advanced cancer. Single escalating doses from 3 X 10(6) units to 198 X 10(6) units were given by intramuscular injection in a phase I study. Major toxic effects included pyrexia, fatigue, myalgia, and headache. Data on the effects of IFL-rA on lymphocyte subpopulations and peripheral blood mononuclear-cell surface beta 2-microglobulin are presented. Four of eight patients had objective tumor regression, indicating that further investigation of this biologically active material is warranted.
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PMID:Clinical and immunologic effects of recombinant leukocyte A interferon in eight patients with advanced cancer. 617 42


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