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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Granulocytic sarcomas are rare tumors composed of granulocytic precursor cells. They are most commonly encountered in patients with acute myelogenous leukemias and myeloproliferative disorders in blast crisis. Rarely, patients presenting with granulocytic sarcoma show no evidence of acute leukemia. The authors report an aleukemic patient with acute paraparesis from an epidural granulocytic sarcoma. Only five such cases have been reported previously. Immunoperoxidase stain for lysozyme and chloroacetate esterase stain were used to prove the myeloid origin of the tumor cells.
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PMID:Granulocytic sarcoma presenting as an epidural mass with acute paraparesis in an aleukemic patient. 199 13

Osteochondromas are one of the most common benign tumors. They typically develop on long, tubular bones, only rarely compressing the spinal cord. We report the case of a 9-year-old boy who suffered paraparesis secondary to a cervical osteochondroma based at the vertebral body. The tumor was removed using laminectomy. CT scanning, plain X-ray films, and MR imaging were used in the preoperative assessment of the lesion and the operative method.
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PMID:[A case report: intraspinal canal osteochondroma at the cervicothoracic junction causing spinal cord compression]. 204 51

Von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis is a congenital anomaly due to maldevelopment of the neurectoderm and mesoderm. The disease is known to be commonly associated with other tumors of the neural system. We experienced a case in which two different types of spinal tumors (meningioma and schwannoma) appeared together with Von Recklinghausen's disease. The patient was a 54 year-old female. Her chief complaint was slowly progressive lumbar back pain of about a 10-year duration. She was admitted to our hospital after developing such clinical symptoms as paraparesis, bladder and rectal incontinence, and pain in the soles of her feet. The CT study demonstrated a massive tumor at the TH12-L2 levels accompanied with marked scalloping of the posterior vertebral body. The tumor removed was, histologically, meningioma. During surgery, another small bean-size tumor was incidentally found originating from the dorsal root, and it was identified by histological study as typical schwannoma. It has been reported that the incidence rate of spinal tumors in von Recklinghausen's disease is approximately 4%. Although a case has been reported in which different types of tumors developed in both the cranium and the spinal canal, our case as described above is considered extremely rare as far as we can find in reference literature. The pathogenic mechanism of vertebral scalloping as encountered in our case was thought to be based on interactions between hypoplasia of the supporting tissue and pressure generated by the tumor and CSF.
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PMID:[Two different spinal tumors (meningioma and schwannoma) with von Recklinghausen's disease in a case]. 211 59

An adult case of malignant choroid plexus papilloma is very rare. This report is an adult case of malignant choroid plexus papilloma revealed in the lateral ventricle and in the cerebellopontine (CP) angle simultaneously. A 37-year-old man was admitted to the hospital complaining of headache, nausea, and a floating sensation on August 29, 1984. Neurological examination on admission revealed bilateral papilledema, left dysmetria and horizontal nystagmus. CT scan revealed a slightly high density round mass in the right lateral ventricle and a cystic mass with mural nodule in the left CP angle. The intraventricular mass and mural nodule were enhanced moderately and homogeneously. The initial surgery was for removal of the CP angle tumor, and 8 days later removal of the lateral ventricle tumor was carried out. The histology of these tumors was the same and revealed malignant choroid plexus papilloma. Postoperative radiation therapy was carried out 70Gy to the brain (whole brain; 50Gy, focal; 20Gy) and 30Gy to the whole spine. About 2 years later paraparesis, lower cranial nerve palsy, and disturbance of consciousness had progressed gradually. He died of the severe recurrence of the tumor in the brain stem, and multiple dissemination in the spinal cord on September 6, 1987. There was no recurrence of tumor in the right lateral ventricle. This is a very rare case of malignant choroid plexus papilloma which was revealed in both the supra- and infratentorial regions simultaneously. They may have developed independently or they may have arisen through subarachnoid seeding. Radical removal of the tumor is important to prevent recurrence of malignant choroid plexus papilloma.
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PMID:[An adult case of malignant choroid plexus papilloma in the lateral ventricle and the cerebellopontine angle revealed simultaneously]. 221 70

A case of giant cell tumor involving the Th4 vertebral body is reported. A 27-year-old man, who had a 2 month history of back pain and paraparesis, was admitted to our department in August, 1986. On the first admission, he manifested severe paraparesis and sensory disturbance below the Th5 dermatome level. Neuroradiological examination demonstrated an epidural tumor involving the Th4 vertebral body and compressing the spinal cord. Emergency laminectomy for decompression and biopsy was performed. The surgical specimen was a giant-cell tumor. 6 weeks after the first operation, total removal of the tumor and anterior fusion of the Th 3-5 with iliac bone graft was performed through the anterolateral transthoracic approach. Postoperative course was uneventful. A curative resection and immediate stabilization was thus able to be undertaken through the anterolateral transthoracic approach, when the epidural tumor was confined to the thoracic vertebral body.
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PMID:[Anterolateral approach to giant cell tumor in T4 vertebral body]. 223 98

An autopsy case of HTLV-I associated myelopathy (HAM) combined with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) was reported. Although HAM and ATL are reported to be caused by an identical virus, a combination of these two conditions is extremely rare. This is the first report of an autopsy of the case. A 42-year-old female born in Kumamoto noticed gait disturbance at age 20. Dysesthesia in her lower limbs and bladder bowel disturbance (BBD) gradually appeared at age 29 and at age 39, respectively, and slowly progressed. Neurological examination revealed spastic paraparesis, sensory disturbance in her lower limbs in all modalities and BBD. Furthermore, titers of the anti HTLV-I antibody were increased both in serum and CSF. She was diagnosed as HAM at this stage. She responded to the oral administration of prednisolone. Ten months after the initiation of prednisolone therapy, a tumor shadow appeared in the right lung and characteristic ATL cells were found in the pleural effusion. She died with respiratory failure. ATL cells were not found either in the peripheral blood or CSF throughout the course of her illness. Autopsy revealed solid tumors in both lungs, liver, kidneys, spleen, thyroid gland and para-aortic lymphnodes, composed of ATL cells with extensive necrosis. The spinal cord showed a marked loss of myelin and axons, and perivascular fibrosis in the lateral and anterior columns. These changes were most severe at the 6th and 7th thoracic segments. No ATL cell was found in the spinal cord. Concerning the sensory system, the posterior root, ganglion and posterior column were preserved, whereas the axonal degeneration was found in the biopsied specimen of the sural nerve.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[An autopsy case of HTLV-I associated myelopathy (HAM) with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL)]. 224 29

The patient, a 39-year-old man, underwent initial surgery for total removal of a left C-P angle tumor histologically diagnosed as epidermoid carcinoma. Postoperative irradiation therapy was administered over the whole brain and spinal cord, 50 Gy and 20 Gy respectively. The patient was then released without symptoms. 15 months later, he was readmitted for paraparesis and urinary retention. CT scan revealed no tumor recurrence in the intracranial area but did show intraspinal cyst of the lower thoracic level. After cyst-subarachnoid shunt, severe acute hydrocephalus was shown on CT scan. His general condition progressively deteriorated. Ten days after the shunt operation, he died of systemic bleeding tendency and cachexia. During surgery, the authors obtained dark yellowish fluid from the intraspinal cyst. Gene survey of the specimen from the cyst wall disclosed abnormality. It is important in the diagnosis of primary intracranial epidermoid carcinoma that we rule out the existence of extracranial cancer and direct invasion through the dura. Though epidermoid carcinoma can be fatal, radiotherapy was an efficacious treatment in the present case, as well as in three other reported cases.
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PMID:[C-P angle epidermoid carcinoma: a case report]. 224 98

A 89-year-old man was admitted because of slowly progressive gait disturbance during these several years. Neurological examination revealed paraparesis with bilateral sensory disturbance in the lower extremities, more severely on the left side. Vibration sense was almost completely disturbed under the level of bilateral crista iliaca. Deep tendon reflexes decreased in the lower extremities. No urinary incontinence was observed. The narrow spinal canal and cervical spondylosis were seen at the C 5-6 level, showing the anterior-posterior distance of 10 mm. Computed tomography of the lumbar spine showed spondylolisthesis between the level 4 and 5. CSF showed high protein concentration (300 mg/dl), whereas normal cell counts. These findings suggested the following two possibilities; cervical myelopathy associated with the disturbance of the cauda equina due to lumbar spondylolisthesis, or the disturbance at the lower thoracic or upper lumbar level of spinal cord. The spinal MRI revealed the irregular mass lesion in the lower spinal cord at the level of spine Th 11-12 on T2 weighted images, with enhancement by Gd-DTPA on T1 weighted images. These MRI findings suggested the intradural extramedullary tumor, such as benign neurinoma or meningioma. No clear cut lesions were found at the cervical spinal cord or at the cauda equina. MRI was useful for the diagnosis of sites and lesions of spinal cord in the present case, whose neurological signs and symptoms could be explained by the coexistent cervical spondylosis and lumbar spondylolisthesis.
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PMID:[Intradural extramedullary tumor of lower spinal cord in a 89-year-old man with cervical spondylosis and lumbar spondylolisthesis]. 225 23

A retrospective study of 73 assessable patients with spinal cord compression due to metastatic tumor was conducted. Fifty-five patients had paraparesis and 18 were paraplegic. Treatment consisted of surgical decompression in 22 patients, radiotherapy in 31 patients, and a combination of both modalities in 20 patients. The three groups were comparable in their pretreatment characteristics. Of patients treated with surgical decompression followed by radiotherapy, 45% showed improvement in motor deficit; of patients treated with either surgery or radiotherapy, 18% (P = .06) and 16% (P = .02) showed improvement, respectively. These results were most significant in patients with paraparesis, where 47% of those who received combined therapy improved compared to 17% (P = .06) and 9% (P = .009) in the surgical and radiotherapy groups, respectively. In our series of patients with spinal cord compression due to metastatic tumor, surgical decompression followed by radiotherapy was superior to either surgical decompression or radiotherapy in improving motor deficit.
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PMID:Spinal cord compression due to metastatic neoplasm. 234 31

Cloacogenic carcinoma is a rare tumor, originating from epithelium of the anal transition zone. We report a 63-yr-old man with pathologically proven cloacogenic carcinoma which caused a rapidly progressive paraparesis and changes in mental status. These were related to extramedullary deposits around the spinal cord and cauda equina and intramedullary deposits in the brain. This pattern of neural involvement with anal canal carcinoma has not been reported previously.
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PMID:Neurologic complications of cloacogenic carcinoma. 238 32


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