Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Intraoperative auditory brainstem response (ABR) monitoring was performed in 27 patients undergoing C-P angle surgery (12: hemifacial spasm, 10: trigeminal neuralgia, 2: glossopharyngeal neuralgia, 3: C-P angle tumor, 2 epidermoid, 1 meningioma). Because of the introduction of this method, no patient suffered from postoperative hearing disturbance in this series. During C-P angle surgery, the wave V of ABR changes according to the retraction of the cerebellum and the manipulation of the eighth cranial nerve. Many authors have discussed this change, however the timing and the mechanism of disappearance of wave V is unclear. Accordingly, the authors discussed the correlation between the prolongation of wave V latency and its amplitude. The wave V amplitude was measured from the positive peak of wave V to the next negative peak. Then, the correlation between the prolongation of wave V latency and its reduction ratio (%) of amplitude was represented as a parabola. The wave V reduces its amplitude when the prolongation of the latency is from 1.5 ms to 2.0 ms. Once the prolongation of the latency is over 1.5 ms, the amplitude of wave V seems to be reduced suddenly, because it takes over 1'30'' to finish each record. But the authors demonstrated the gradual reduction of the amplitude of wave V in Figure 3. As mentioned above, the prolongation of wave V latency must be less than 1.5 ms, and the neurosurgeon must recognize this turning point during C-P angle surgery.
 ...
PMID:[Intraoperative ABR monitoring during cerebello-pontine angle surgery]. 224 95

Unlike the eventual resolution of facial paralysis in most patients with intact facial nerves, delayed hearing return after acoustic tumor resection is rare. This discrepancy in recovery has been ascribed to the inherent resilience of the facial nerve (a special visceral efferent nerve) to injury versus the cochlear nerve (a special somatic afferent nerve). In the presence of an intact cochlear nerve, hearing loss has been attributed to transection or spasm of the internal auditory artery or to direct mechanical trauma to the cochlear nerve during manipulation of the tumor. The possibility of a reversible conduction block in the cochlear nerve has not been considered. A review of three instances of delayed spontaneous hearing recovery several months after acoustic tumor resection suggests that a conduction block phenomenon can exist. This report describes the pathophysiology and the possible intraoperative predisposing features of this condition.
 ...
PMID:Delayed spontaneous return of hearing after acoustic tumor surgery: evidence for cochlear nerve conduction block. 232 3

Certain pitfalls face the endoscopist during ERC in the diagnosis of common bile duct stones. False-positive filling defects for calculi may be caused by air bubbles, blood clot, tumor, and the pseudocalculus sign of the lower common bile duct (CBD) due to sphincter spasm. Another false positive may be encountered by the presence of a filling defect at the confluence of the cystic duct and common bile duct, and we report on three such cases. The cause of this pseudocalculus sign of the mid-CBD is not clear. We speculate that it may arise as a result of an unopacified jet of bile flowing from the cystic duct displacing contrast in the CBD.
 ...
PMID:Cystic duct entry--another cause of pseudocalculus. 233 48

In the presence of an intact cochlear nerve, hearing loss has been attributed to either transection or spasm of the internal auditory artery or direct mechanical trauma to the cochlear nerve during tumor manipulation. Such events have been correlated with changes in intraoperative auditory evoked potentials. The possibility of a reversible conduction block in the cochlear nerve, however, has not been investigated. Review of four cases of delayed spontaneous recovery of hearing several months after acoustic tumor resection suggests that a conduction block phenomenon may exist. By comparing recent pertinent animal data with clinical intraoperative electrophysiologic data obtained during posterior fossa surgery in human subjects, we attempt to elucidate further the pathophysiology and intraoperative predisposing factors to cochlear nerve injury during hearing preservation procedures.
 ...
PMID:Cochlear nerve conduction block: an explanation for spontaneous hearing return after acoustic tumor surgery. 250 35

These guidelines propose performance criteria for the history and examination of patients with temporomandibular (TM) disorders. Pertinent diagnostic subcategories are identified, and the comprehensive history and review of systems are described. The examination procedures include documentation of temporomandibular and craniocervical range of motion, TM joint sounds, and the recording of muscle and joint tenderness. The TM disorders addressed include muscle problems such as myalgia, protective splinting or trismus, spasm, myositis, dyskinesia, muscle contracture, hypertrophy, and bruxism. Temporomandibular joint disorders addressed include disk-condyle incoordination, restricted condyle translation, open condyle dislocation, arthralgia, osteoarthritis, polyarthritis, and traumatic joint injury. Disorders of mandibular mobility such as ankylosis, adhesions, fibrosis, skeletal obstruction, and hypermobility are also described. Finally, disorders of maxillomandibular growth, including masticatory muscle hypertrophy, atrophy, neoplasia, maxillomandibular hypoplasia, condylar agenesis, maxillomandibular hyperplasia, and condyle hypertrophy are described.
 ...
PMID:Guidelines for the examination and diagnosis of temporomandibular disorders. 260 95

A case of epidermoid tumor presenting with a painful tic convulsif was reported. A 35-year old male with trigeminal neuralgia and ipsilateral hemifacial spasm was diagnosed as having an epidermoid by CT and metrizamide CT cisternography and the symptoms were completely eliminated after the operation. In this case, metrizamide CT cisternography was very useful for preoperative diagnosis by demonstrating the characteristic findings of the epidermoid. It should be taken into consideration that there are some cases with trigeminal neuralgia and/or hemifacial spasm whose symptoms are due to brain tumors.
 ...
PMID:Epidermoid tumor presenting with trigeminal neuralgia and ipsilateral hemifacial spasm: a case report. 267 80

Intracranial meningiomas account for 18.2% of all intracranial tumors. During Jan. 1982-Dec. 1986, 65 cases of intracranial meningiomas were diagnosed after operations and pathologic examinations at Taichung Veterans General Hospital. There were 36 females and 29 males, aged from 18 to 80 with a mean of 52 years. Average period of follow-up was 23.7 months. All patients received craniotomy or craniectomy with or without microscopic technique to remove the tumors & 3 cases received postoperative radiotherapy. The most common sites of meningiomas were the posterior fossa, convexity, parasagittal area and falx. The complete removal rate was 84.8%, the mortality rate 9.1% and the morbidity rate 33%. The major complications were intracerebral hemorrhage, infection of central nerve system, and hydrocephalus. There were 3 cases (4.6%) of multiple meningiomas. The most common symptoms and signs in order were headache, hemiparesis, seizure, nausea and vomiting, conscious disturbance & trigeminal neuralgia. The average duration of symptoms was 18.5 months. There were 9 cases of trigeminal neuralgia and 2 cases of hemifacial spasm. There were 3 cases (5.6%) of recurrence and 4 cases (6.1%) of malignancy. The most frequently found subtypes of meningiomas were the meningotheliomatous type and the transitional type. Mean size of the tumors was 5 cm. Tumor location and its biological behavior were closely related to the removal rate, prognosis and recurrence, while tumor size was of less importance. Ability of daily life was improved and seizure was better controlled by antiepileptic drugs in postoperative days.
 ...
PMID:[Intracranial meningiomas--5 year analysis]. 280 87

We carried out a transnasal insufflation test according to Blom and Singer on 27 laryngectomy patients as well as a speech communications test with the help of reverse speech audiometry, i.e. the post laryngectomy telephone test according to Zenner and Pfrang. The combined evaluation of both tests provided basic information on the quality of the esophagus voice and functionability of the speech organs. Both tests can be carried out quickly and easily and allow a differentiated statement to be made on the application possibilities of a esophagus voice, electronic speech aids and voice prothesis. Three groups could be identified from our results: 1. Insufflation test and reverse speech test provided conformable good or very good results. The esophagus voice was well understood. 2. Complete failure in the insufflation and telephone tests calls for further examinations to exclude any spasm, stricture, divertical and scarred membrane stenosis as well as tumor relapse in the region of the pharyngo-esophageal segments. 3. Organic causes must be looked for in the area of the nozzle as well as cranial nerve failure and social-determined causes in the case of normal insufflation and considerably reduced speech communication in the telephone test.
 ...
PMID:[Comparative studies of the quality of the esophageal voice following laryngectomy: the insufflation test and reverse speech audiometry]. 280 10

Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is rarely due to serious compressive lesions, such as tumors, aneurysms, or vascular malformations, located in the cerebellopontine angle. Because of the interesting association of HFS with epidermoid tumors, we reviewed the records of all patients with HFS and all patients with intracranial epidermoid tumors seen from January 1975 to December 1986. Of the 18 patients who had epidermoid tumors of the cerebellopontine angle, 3 (17%) had a facial movement disorder that resembled HFS at sometime during their illness. There were 429 patients who had HFS with no obvious serious compressive lesion of the facial nerve. Therefore, HFS was associated with epidermoid tumor in 0.7% of cases. All 3 patients developed other findings due to involvement of adjacent neural structures. Patients with HFS have a low probability of having a serious compressive lesion, but those with atypical features should be evaluated for cerebellopontine angle masses such as epidermoid tumors.
 ...
PMID:Hemifacial spasm associated with epidermoid tumors of the cerebellopontine angle. 292 84

I recount some clinical "pearls and perils" to help reassess the contributions of abdominal ultrasound, cholangiography, needle biopsy of the liver, and laparoscopy. Abdominal ultrasound demonstrates stones in the gallbladder in approximately 98% of cases, but in only 15% in the common bile duct, whereas computerized tomography scan reveals them in greater than or equal to 50%. On cholangiography a blood clot (in hemobilia) may closely resemble a common duct stone, as may spasm or tumor of the distal duct. Iatrogenic stricture at the junction of the left and right hepatic ducts may be indistinguishable from a Klatskin tumor. Differentiation of extrahepatic from intrahepatic cholestasis is frequently impossible in needle specimens of the liver. Needle biopsy provides the best means of establishing a diagnosis of alcoholic hepatitis. Laparoscopy is particularly valuable in the diagnosis of cirrhosis missed in blind biopsy specimens.
 ...
PMID:Jaundice. Clinical pearls and perils revisited. 295 35


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>