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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors report a case of cerebellopontine angle epidermoid presenting as typical hemifacial spasm. A 33-year-old male had experienced intermittent right hemifacial spasm for 2 years. Cranial nerve examination was otherwise normal, including auditory and trigeminal nerve functions. Metrizamide computed tomographic cisternography and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a characteristic epidermoid tumor. The tumor was totally removed. Postoperatively, no facial spasm or other facial nerve dysfunction was noted.
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PMID:Hemifacial spasm due to cerebellopontine angle epidermoid tumor--case report. 172 Feb 20

The present study was undertaken to examine the action of endothelin-1 (ET-1) per se, or the combined effects of ET-1 with vasoconstrictor agonists such as acetylcholine (ACh), histamine (His), and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), all of which have been implicated in the genesis of coronary spasm. Isometric tension development and the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration [( Ca2+]i) in a ring segment of porcine coronary artery loaded with fura-2 were measured simultaneously with a mechanoelectric transducer and a fluorometer, respectively. ET-1 (30-100 pM) specifically potentiated the 5-HT-induced contraction without causing a significant increase in [Ca2+]i. This effect of the peptide seems to be qualitatively similar to that produced by the tumor-promoting phorbol ester, DPB. These results suggest that the combined stimulation of ET-1 and 5-HT augments the Ca2+ sensitivity of the contractile elements through the possible activation of protein kinase C.
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PMID:Synergistic coronary vasoconstriction produced by endothelin-1 in combination with 5-hydroxytryptamine. 172 25

A rare case of hemangioma of the petrous bone is described. A 31-year-old woman suffered from right facial twitching and palsy. So she underwent a craniectomy intending microvascular decompression of the facial nerve, but no compressing vessels or tumors were found. Three years later, however, her facial fasciculation disappeared spontaneously, but facial weakness deteriorated and she began to feel vertigo. On admission, neurological examination revealed right facial palsy of the peripheral type, slight hearing disturbance, and canal palsy. Bone-window CT and T2-weighted MRI revealed a small tumor destroying the petrous bone near the geniculate portion of the facial nerve. Using the epidural subtemporal approach, the tumor was totally removed and the facial nerve remained intact. Histologically it was diagnosed as hemangioma. Hemangioma of the skull base bone is rare, and it is interesting that the tumor in this case caused abnormal facial contraction like hemifacial spasm.
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PMID:[A case report of hemangioma of the petrous bone which caused facial spasm and facial palsy]. 185 54

Ten patients with massive hemobilia in shock or preshock status were treated with angiography. The hemobilia had been induced by iatrogenic trauma: biliary drainage in seven patients, and surgery, liver biopsy, and angiography in one patient each. Angiography was performed on all patients. Embolization was performed in nine, and in the one remaining patient, spasm of the right anterior hepatic artery and catheter manipulation injured the intima and obliterated the artery. In seven patients with hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm, gelfoam particles were injected in five, however, extravasation could not be prevented in four of these patients. Permanent embolic materials were added and complete hemostatis was obtained. Hemobilia never recurred in any patient. Emergency embolization should be considered as the initial treatment of choice for hemobilia and when pseudoaneurysms are discovered, they should be obliterated by permanent embolic materials. Moreover, tumor thrombus in the portal vein is not a contraindication for this procedure.
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PMID:Angiographic management of massive hemobilia due to iatrogenic trauma. 187 34

The authors report a case of glioblastoma in which MR images with Gd-DTPA enhancement changed rapidly during the early stage. A 61 year-old male presented with sudden right facial spasm and dysarthria. However, both a plain and an enhanced CT failed to demonstrate any abnormal lesions. On the other hand, T2 weighted MR image revealed a well circumscribed high intensity lesion in the left frontal lobe without mass effect. This lesion could not be differentiated from cerebral infarction, since no contrast enhanced lesion was able to be observed in T1 weighted MR image with Gd-DTPA. His symptoms gradually became aggravated and at 3 months from the onset, MR image with Gd-DTPA disclosed a small enhanced lesion in the left frontal lobe near the cortical surface. After 6 months from the onset, he suffered from right hemiparesis and motor aphasia. The MR image with Gd-DTPA at this time showed a large enhanced lesion in the left frontal lobe with mass effect. He was admitted to our hospital, and subtotal removal of the tumor and intraoperative radiation was carried out. The patient did well postoperatively without additional neurological deficit, and then he received additional radiation therapy. It should be noted that Gd-DTPA enhanced MR image might fail to reveal the lesion of glioblastoma in its early stage, while T1 weighted image discloses only the gyral swelling.
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PMID:[A case of glioblastoma in which early diagnosis was difficult by MRI]. 194 85

Total gastrectomy and esophagojejunostomy is an increasingly common operation that is associated with a variety of early and late postoperative complications. Between 1980 and 1990, 26 patients at our hospital who underwent this surgery (19 Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomies and seven loop esophagojejunostomies) had postoperative upper gastrointestinal studies with water-soluble contrast material or barium. The studies were performed during the early postoperative period (within 30 days after surgery) in seven patients, the late postoperative period (more than 30 days after surgery) in seven patients, or both in 12 patients. Five patients (19%) had anastomotic leaks, four involving the esophagojejunal anastomosis and one the blind-ending jejunal limb. Five patients (19%) had transient narrowing of the esophagojejunal anastomosis during the early postoperative period, probably due to acute postoperative edema and spasm. Six patients (23%) had narrowing of the esophagojejunal anastomosis during the late postoperative period due to anastomotic strictures (three patients) or recurrent tumor (three patients). Alkaline reflux esophagitis was found in three (43%) of seven patients who had a loop esophagojejunostomy. However, two (11%) of 19 patients with a Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy had relatively long strictures in the distal esophagus, apparently due to scarring from alkaline reflux esophagitis. Two patients (8%) had an afferent loop obstruction due to metastatic tumor and postsurgical scarring. Radiologists need to be familiar with the normal postoperative radiologic appearances and the radiologic findings of early and late complications associated with this procedure.
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PMID:Complications after total gastrectomy and esophagojejunostomy: radiologic evaluation. 195 Aug 63

A patient with trigeminal neuralgia and hemifacial spasm was evaluated using multiplanar magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with gadolinium enhancement. Preoperative images demonstrated massively ectatic vertebral and basilar arteries and their distortion of the brain stem and the trigeminal and facial nerves. Surgical manipulation included selective trigeminal rhizotomy, cushioning of the residual nerve at the point of maximal distortion by the underlying basilar artery, and microvascular decompression of the seventh nerve from the anterior inferior cerebellar artery which was being pushed dorsomedially by the vertebral artery. Postoperatively, the patient had neither trigeminal neuralgia nor facial spasm. Gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging not only excludes other etiologies such as tumor or arteriovenous malformation, but also demonstrates cranial nerve compression by ectatic vertebral and basilar arteries. The choice of preoperative imaging modality is discussed and the literature concerning the etiology of tic convulsif is reviewed.
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PMID:Magnetic resonance imaging of vertebrobasilar ectasia in tic convulsif. Case report. 203 62

A young man without heart disease with a metastatic carcinoma of the pancreas received a 5-Fluorouracil therapy (25 mg per kilogram body weight/24 h by continuous infusion over a period of 5 days). Approximately 56 h after beginning of the first cycle of therapy (after 36 h of the second cycle) he complained of severe chest pain, which did not respond to nitrates, improved after application of opioids, and subsided definitely after termination of the 5-FU infusion. During the periods of pain, the ECG and the creatine kinase were normal. At a later time, finally, a scar in the posterior wall of the myocardium was detectable in the ECG. When repeating the 5-FU infusion, similar problems arose with less intensity. The patient died as a consequence of the progress of the tumor disease. At autopsy, two myocardial infarctions were detectable. There was no demonstrable stenosis of the coronary arteries. Spasms of the coronary arteries are discussed as a cause of this side effect of 5-FU-therapy.
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PMID:[Myocardial infarcts within the scope of 5-fluorouracil therapy]. 209 85

Optimal techniques for the preoperative assessment and intraoperative management of the petrous carotid artery remain undefined. While purposeful "avoidance" of this structure may result in partial tumor removal, limited exposure of the petrous carotid artery may lead to inadvertent injury with life-threatening neurovascular sequelae. Twenty-five cases are reported in which surgical manipulation of the petrous carotid artery was necessary to accomplish total tumor removal or gain operative exposure to the skull base. A standard diagnostic radiographic assessment consisted of high-resolution computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and a 4-vessel angiography. Preoperative balloon occlusion of the involved internal carotid artery was performed in four patients. Surgical approaches used in this series were broadly classified as: infratemporal-anterolateral (14), pterional-infratemporal (6), or pterional-anterolateral (5). Intraoperative management of the carotid artery consisted of total decompression in 19 cases, decompression with mobilization in four patients, and resection in two instances. Major neurovascular complications included one stroke and death caused by arterial occlusion, one stroke and death caused by arterial spasm, one stroke caused by brain edema, and one death related to a postoperative carotid hemorrhage. Other nonvascular complications included brain swelling, cranial nerve palsies, dysphagia, ataxia, cerebrospinal fluid fistulae, flap necrosis with wound infection, and pneumocephalus. Invasive and noninvasive methods are outlined for the preoperative assessment of the petrous carotid in cases of advanced skull base disease and intraoperative management options are detailed.
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PMID:The perioperative management of the petrous carotid artery in contemporary surgery of the skull base. 211 30

A 58-year-old man was admitted to our hospital upon his request for an operation on a hemifacial spasm that had developed twelve years ago. The hemifacial spasm on the left side was the only positive neurological findings at the time of admission. However, a pre-operative neuroradiological examination revealed a meningioma originating in the falco-tentorial junction. Left neurovascular decompression was initially performed and was followed by the excision of the tumor through a right parietooccipital approach. The pathological diagnosis was meningothelial meningioma. The patient was discharged with no neurological deficit. There have been only a few reports on pineal meningioma and even now this type of tumor is considered to be rare. Some similar cases reported in the literature are reviewed. The clinical aspects, clinical features and the pathological entity are discussed.
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PMID:[Meningioma of pineal region]. 221 69


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