Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Patients with Cushing's syndrome (CS) frequently have sleep complaints. We evaluated sleep polysomnographically in 22 patients, including 17 with pituitary-ACTH-dependent Cushing's disease (CD) and five with CS from an adrenal tumor. Data were compared to healthy controls of comparable age. Seven patients (32%) demonstrated at least mild sleep apnea (> or = 9.4 events/hour), and four of 22 (18%) had > or = 17.5 events/hour. The apneic CD and CS patients had a trend for a greater complaint of excessive daytime sleepiness. Both apneic and nonapneic groups had considerable snoring and obesity. The electroencephalographic (EEG) sleep of nonapneic patients was compared to that of normal subjects. Nonapneic CD patients differed strikingly from healthy volunteers in sleep continuity and architecture, demonstrating lighter, fragmented sleep. Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep in CD patients bore many similarities to the sleep of patients with major depression, with REM latency being significantly shortened and REM density significantly increased. Continued examination of EEG sleep in CD patients may shed light on similarities in pathophysiology between CD and major depression, disorders which are characterized by both a dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and alterations in mood.
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PMID:Sleep architecture and sleep apnea in patients with Cushing's disease. 133 12

Transethmoidal meningoencephalocele is caused by protrusion into the nasal cavity of a part of brain and meninges through an ethmoidal defect being a subtype of basal meningoencephalocele. It is extremely rare as only a few cases have been reported so far. It gives characteristic symptoms and signs as follows: (i) mouth breathing and snoring due to intranasal tumor and obstruction from birth, (ii) pulsation of the tumor synchronous with pulse or respiration, (iii) complication of facial deformities such as hypertelorism, cleft lip and palate, and (iv) leakage of cerebrospinal fluid from the nose, meningitis, etc. Moreover, agenesis of corpus callosum and congenital hydrocephalus are identified, which indicate the origin of this disease as have been reported by various authors. Recently, we experienced two cases of newborn infants with this anomaly. Case 1: A 1-day-old male was born by Caesarean section at full term, body weight at birth being 3500 gm, cranial circumference 35.2 cm, and Apgar score at 5 minutes of full. Since he was dyspneic while nursing, he was transferred to our clinic. Hypertelorism, unequal anterior nares, and micrognathia were the facial abnormalities at admission. Both nasal cavities were completely obstructed by abnormal bony tissue at about 3 cm from the anterior border of the nares. No obvious abnormality was found by neurological and biochemical examination. A transcranial repair of the basal encephalocele was performed. The crista galli could not be seen, but the base of the frontal skull was found to be deeply depressed into the ethmoid sinus proper just as seen by CT scan.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Transethmoidal encephalomeningocele in neonate--report of two cases and review of literatures]. 235 19

A 43-year-old man was admitted suffering from dyspnea on exertion and edema of the neck and face. Chest X-ray film and CT scan revealed a mediastinal tumor and a right pleural effusion. A biopsy of the tumor revealed poorly differentiated carcinoma. Severe snoring at night and excessive daytime sleepiness were noticed after admission. Nocturnal oxygen desaturation was documented with a pulse oximeter, and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome was diagnosed on the basis of results of respiratory inductive plethysmography. The severity of snoring and oxygen desaturation during sleep correlated well with the progression of facial swelling. Combination chemotherapy (carboplatin 300 mg/m2 day 1, vindesine sulfate 3 mg/m2 day 1 and 8) was started but no improvement was seen. An expandable metallic stent was inserted into the stenotic vena cava, and the facial swelling, snoring, and oxygen desaturation during sleep were promptly relieved. In this case, obstructive sleep apnea was caused by edema and vascular congestion in the upper airway, and by the decrease in pharyngeal inspiratory muscle function caused by superior vena cava syndrome.
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PMID:[Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome associated with superior vena cava syndrome]. 773 76

A 60-year-old obese woman was admitted for evaluation of excessive daytime sleepiness, loud snoring, cyanosis, systemic edema, hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Laboratory examination showed severe hypoxemia, hypercapnea, metabolic alkalosis, hypokalemia and hyperaldosteronism. CT scan showed a left adrenal tumor. A diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome associated with primary aldosteronism was established. Metabolic alkalosis, hypokalemia and sodium retention due to hyperaldosteronism were thought to be factors exacerbating her sleep apnea.
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PMID:[A case report of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome associated with primary aldosteronism]. 818 53

We reported here 19-year-old man suffering from circadian sleep-wake (S-W) rhythm disturbance after total tumor resection and whole brain irradiation. This 19-year-old man was diagnosed as having astrocytoma in the right temporal lobe by CT scan and angiography at the age of 6 months. After total tumor resection and whole brain irradiation (60Co 60 Gy), he showed profound psychomotor retardation, endocrinologic dysfunction including hypothyroidism and growth hormone deficiency, and sleep-wake rhythm disturbance. At the age of 19, brain MRI revealed asymmetrical low intensity in the hypothalamic region. On endocrinological examination panhypopituitarism due to primary hypothalamic lesion was evident. His S-W rhythm was disturbed showing a dispersed type sleep, i.e., sleep periods were dispersedly distributed throughout the 24 hours. So he showed a lethargic tendency in the daytime. All-day polysomnography revealed abnormal sleep structure such as the absence of sleep spindle and hump, peripheral apnea, snoring and low oxygen saturation. After L-thyroxine supplementation his daily activity improved gradually. The decrease in short time sleep and tendency of a free-running rhythm were observed and oxygen saturation improved remarkably. Peripheral apnea and snoring disappeared. The wakening effect of L-thyroxine administration may be due to improvement of hypothyroidism symptom such as myxoedematous pharynx. In addition, it seems related to the alteration of the central S-W rhythm regulation, because free-running rhythm appeared after L-thyroxine administration. Vitamin B12 (VB12), which has been reported to be effective for sleep-wake rhythm disorders, was not effective for our patient's free-running rhythm.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Circadian rhythm disturbance after radiotherapy for brain tumor in infantile period--clinical effect of L-thyroxine and vitamin B12]. 821 1

Chordomas are rare neoplasms of notochordal origin that arise along the vertebral axis. In the cervicofacial area, they show a marked proclivity for the sphenooccipital region. These slow-growing and infiltrating tumors are often discovered because of neglected symptoms related to the ENT field such as nasal obstruction, snoring, dyspnea or dysphagia in the case of anterior development, serous otitis media, cervical pain, or even palsy of the X, XI, or XII cranial nerves when the tumor develops toward the foramen jugulare or the foramen magnum. Prognosis is usually poor because of local malignancy, proximity to critical central nervous system structures, and volume of the tumor. Surgery is the preferred treatment for these extradural tumors, but most authors recommend postoperative irradiation because of surgical spillage or residual tumor. However, conventional irradiation is limited by the sensitivity of surrounding structures, which results in a poor rate of local control. We present 9 cases of histologically proven diagnosis of chordoma treated from 1984 to 1994 at our institution. Prognosis and therapeutic modalities are discussed. Therapeutic improvement might be brought the protontherapie, which ensures a better local control, and therefore may transform the prognosis of the disease.
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PMID:[Therapeutic management of craniocervical chordoma]. 876 68

An unusual cause of obstructive sleep apnea in a boy with hemophilia B who was urgently intubated during the night because of suspected bleeding into the airway is analysed. The cause of airway obstruction was a floating papilloma hanging from false cord. At inspirium the tumor was moving immediately above the vocal cords. This was manifested during sleep by noisy snoring and numerous apneic pauses. When the child was awake he had no respiratory problems. After the tumor was removed, the boy breathed freely during sleep. However, the papillomas recur in various parts of the larynx and repeated surgical treatment by factor IX replacement: therapy is necessary.
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PMID:An unusual reason for obstructive sleep apnea in a boy with hemophilia B: supraglottic papilloma. 877 Jun 85

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) is children is commonly caused by upper airway obstruction, such as that caused by adeno-tonsillar hypertrophy. We report a rare case of SAS due to a nasopharyngeal tumor. The patient was a 10-year-old boy who complained of snoring and sleep apnea. The tumor was found in the nasopharynx and mesopharyngeal space. We diagnosed this case as OSAS by overnight sleep study (Apnea Hypopnea Index: AHI = 19.67). The tumor was removed under general anesthesia. Histopathology revealed features of nasopharyngeal angiofibroma. After removal of the tumor, his symptoms resolved completely. A follow-up overnight sleep study confirmed resolution of OSAS. At the last follow up, conducted 17 months after the operation there were no signs of tumor recurrence.
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PMID:[A case of sleep apnea syndrome due to a nasopharyngeal tumor]. 882 49

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common condition characterized by snoring, recurrent episodes of cessation of breathing (obstructive apneas), disrupted sleep, and excessive daytime somnolence. Associated serious complications are hypertension, increased risk of heart disease, stroke, and increased susceptibility to industrial and motor vehicle accidents. OSA is considerably more common in men than in women. In postmenopausal women, the incidence of OSA increases. These factors suggest that reproductive hormones have a role in the cause of OSA. Treatment with testosterone has been reported to cause OSA in men, and exogenous androgen administration has been reported to cause OSA in one woman. In a review of the English literature, we found no previous reports of OSA that was induced by endogenous testosterone in women. Herein we describe a nonobese 70-year old woman with clinically significant OSA and a benign testosterone-producing ovarian tumor. After successful removal of the tumor, her OSA resolved, and her testosterone level normalized. This unique case supports the theory of male hormonal (testosterone) influence in the OSA syndrome.
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PMID:Obstructive sleep apnea due to endogenous testosterone production in a woman. 951 83

The clinical presentation and surgical and pathological findings of 46 children with unilateral tonsillar enlargement (UTE; age range 2 to 13 years, mean age 6.5) who underwent tonsillectomy for biopsy purposes between 1975 and 1995 were compared with those of 7 children who received treatment for tonsillar lymphoma (TL; age range 2 to 9 years, mean age 4.8) during the same period. There was no history of rapid tonsillar enlargement in children in the UTE group, and only 20 (43%) were symptomatic. Symptoms included recurrent sore throats in 10 patients (22%), snoring in 5 (11%), nasal obstruction in 4 (9%), and dysphagia in 1 (2%). No children had systemic symptoms or significant cervical lymphadenopathy. In contrast, tonsillar enlargement was observed to occur within a 6-week period in all children with TL, and 6 (86%) children had symptoms at presentation that included dysphagia in 5 (71%), snoring in 3 (43%), night sweats in 2 (29%), and fever and rigors in 2 (29%). Cervical lymphadenopathy greater than 3 cm was present in 6 (86%) children, while 1 child (14%) had hepatosplenomegaly. There was no histopathologic evidence of neoplasia in the UTE group, and a true discrepancy in size between the two tonsils was confirmed in only 21 of 44 (48%) cases. All 7 patients in the TL group had non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. All received chemotherapy, with 5 of the 7 cured and 2 dying of disease. The data suggest that tonsillectomy should be performed for biopsy purposes in UTE where there is a history of progressive enlargement, significant upper aerodigestive tract symptoms, systemic symptoms, suspicious appearance of the tonsil, cervical lymphadenopathy, or hepatosplenomegaly. The diagnosis of TL should also be considered when UTE is present in an immunocompromised child or one with a previous malignancy, when acute tonsillitis is asymmetric and unresponsive to medical treatment, or when rapid bilateral tonsil enlargement occurs. Observation is appropriate management for other cases of UTE.
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PMID:Unilateral tonsillar enlargement and tonsillar lymphoma in children. 1052 79


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