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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Four cases of hypothalamic hamartoma leading to gelastic epilepsy, precocious puberty and behavioural disorders are reported. Cerebral neuroradiologic examinations revealed a tumor-like mass attached to the hypothalamus in the region of the mamillary bodies in all cases. Precocious puberty developed in the two girls at 4 and 13 months but in neither of the two boys, who both suffered behaviour disturbances in the form of aggressive outbursts. A total resection of the tumors of both boys led to histologic confirmation of hamartoma. One boy was free of seizures upon follow-up, whereas seizure frequency in the other boy was reduced, while his aggressivity increased. The cases are discussed in context of current therapeutic conceptions of gelastic epilepsy and central precocious puberty.
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PMID:[Gelastic epilepsy and precocious puberty in hamartoma of the hypothalamus]. 175 47

We report two cases of oligodendroglioma-like meningioma revealed by symptoms of increased intracranial pressure, progressive hemiparesia and partial epileptic seizures. Brain CT-scan or scintigraphy and carotid arteriography were suggestive of a convexity meningioma. One patient had received radiation treatment for scalp tinea capitis 25 years previously. In spite of complete surgical removal, the tumor recurred in both cases respectively 17 years and 18 months later. The two patients were operated again, and one underwent a complementary radiotherapy. Pathologic diagnosis was particularly difficult in the first case where the pattern at conventional histologic technics was that of oligodendroglioma. On the occasion of recurrence, immuno-histochemistry and ultrastructural studies were performed. The tumor was positive for epithelial membrane antigen (E.M.A) and cytokeratin, but was negative for glial fibrillary acidic (G.F.A.) protein, S 100 protein (S 100), neuron-specific enolase (N.S.E.), vimentin, anti-LEU-7 (N.H.K.1), and neurofilaments (N.F.). Electron microscopy showed closely adjacent cells with tonofilaments and numerous desmosomes. These findings permitted to establish the diagnosis of oligodendroglioma-like meningioma instead of oligodendroglioma. In the second case, the histologic pattern was also reminiscent of oligodendroglioma, but presence of few cellular whorls in some part of the tumor permitted the correct diagnosis. The pathogenesis of this atypical form of meningioma, its tendency for recurrence, and usefulness of radiotherapy are discussed and literature is reviewed.
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PMID:[Pseudo-oligodendrogliomatous meningioma. Report of 2 cases and review of the literature]. 178 19

A 32 years old woman who had postural limbic and primarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures since the age of 11 presented to us with a CT image strongly suggestive of a mesial meningioma near the right cingulum. Her ictal EEG pattern was characterized by regular 1.5-2.0 Hz sharp and slow wave complexes. A right craniotomy was performed under general anesthesia and intraoperative electroencephalographic and electrocorticographic recordings were obtained by means of scalp steel electrodes and modified cerebellar stimulation electrodes, respectively. These recordings demonstrated that surface spikes were often independent from the electrocorticographically recorded ones. Before tumor excision, electrical stimulation of the peritumoral mesial cortex resulted in an increase in the epileptic activity. The stimulation of the cavity left after tumor excision led to a prolonged electrographic seizure and neurophysiological procedures were stopped. Post-operatively, the patient has remained seizure free for 6 months and her EEG was normal. The pre-, intra- and postoperative findings in this case suggest that the gliotic peritumoral mesial cortex was at least involved in the epileptogenic process.
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PMID:Secondary bilateral synchrony associated to a parasagittal tumor. Case report. 180 36

Children harboring hemispheric tumors associated with intractable epilepsy were retrospectively reviewed to assess seizure outcome following tumor resection and electrocorticography-guided seizure foci removal. Thirteen (93%) of our patients have remained seizure-free, off anticonvulsants or on tapering doses, following surgery with a mean follow-up of 33 months. Fifteen of 16 (93%) seizure foci examined histologically were void of tumor infiltration. A review of the literature is provided regarding the controversy of tumor removal versus additional seizure foci removal at the time of tumor removal in providing optimal seizure control.
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PMID:Seizure outcome in children with hemispheric tumors and associated intractable epilepsy: the role of tumor removal combined with seizure foci resection. 182 32

Seizures are common in patients with cancer. They can be caused by the tumor itself, metabolic disturbances, radiation injury, chemotherapy-related encephalopathies, cerebral infarctions, or central nervous system infections. Evaluation requires a meticulous history and search for the precipitating cause. Treatment is directed at the underlying etiology and entails the rational and precise use of anticonvulsant drugs.
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PMID:Evaluation and management of seizures in the patient with cancer. 183 75

Cerebral sparganosis (CS) is a parasitic infection caused by the larva of Spirometra mansonoides. Rarely it can affect the human brain. We report the case of a 24-year old man from Paraguay who suffered from seizures and headache for one year. A frontal tumor was diagnosed by CT-scan and was subsequently resected. The pathological examination revealed a larva with Sparganum characteristics. The evolution of the patient was satisfactory. As far as we know, this is the first case of CS reported in South-America.
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PMID:A case of cerebral sparganosis in South America. 186 36

Seizures occurred in 15% of patients with parenchymal brain hemorrhage (early in 12% and delayed in 3%). Seizures were most frequent with lobar hemorrhages and uncommon with deep subcortical hemorrhages. Lobar hemorrhages in the frontal, parietal, or temporal region were more commonly associated with seizures, whereas occipital hemorrhages were not. Seizures were most common if the hemorrhage was due to an aneurysm, angioma, or neoplasm and less common if hypertensive or spontaneous. If the patient had recurrent seizures or developed delayed seizures, CT showed that the hemorrhage evolved to a hypodense appearance; if the seizure did not recur, CT showed that the hemorrhage evolved to an isodense appearance.
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PMID:Seizures caused by nontraumatic parenchymal brain hemorrhages. 186 4

Insulinoma is a rare disease, which frequently causes hypoglycemic symptoms and signs or even shock. However, other diseases that produce similar symptoms and signs should firstly be ruled out. We describe a 63 years old male veteran who suffered from repeated episodes of seizure and conscious disturbance upon fasting, on and off for 8 years. Serial examinations led to the suspicion that this might be a case of insulinoma; the suspicion was later confirmed by pathologic examination after the tumor had been excised, and his problems disappeared. After six years, a follow-up examination showed that his condition was still stable.
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PMID:Insulinoma: a case report. 187 60

The clinical and radiologic findings in 19 patients with partial complex seizures and surgically proved intracerebral gangliogliomas were reviewed to characterize the radiologic features of these lesions. The CT and MR findings were not specific. On CT the gangliogliomas can be hypodense with no enhancement and they often have calcifications. On MR these tumors have a wide variety of signals. In five of our cases the tumor had a high-intensity signal with a cystlike component on proton density- and T2-weighted images. In five cases the lesion had an inhomogeneously intense signal on proton density-weighted images and high signal intensity on T2-weighted images. The tumor had high-intensity signal on both proton density- and T2-weighted images in four patients. Finally, in two cases the MR findings were normal. We recommend MR as the examination of choice for patients with partial complex seizures because it allows an artifact-free evaluation of the temporal region. However, CT should also be performed in order to recognize calcifications that may be missed on the MR examination.
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PMID:Intracerebral gangliogliomas in patients with partial complex seizures: CT and MR imaging findings. 188 59

The rare case of a meningioma with pulmonary metastases in a dog is described. Clinically, the ten-year-old boxer bitch showed generalized seizures, strabismus and deficient proprioception. The post-mortem examination revealed a basically localized meningeal tumor, having the light- and electron-microscopic appearance of a malignant meningotheliomatous meningioma. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells did not show any positive reaction with antibodies to GFAP, S-100 protein, NSE, vimentin, cytokeratin, desmin, and von Willebrand factor (factor VIII related antigen). Immunohistochemical examination of seven other canine meningiomas showed an identical pattern. The results and the relevant literature are discussed.
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PMID:[Malignant meningioma with lung metastases in a Boxer]. 188 46


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