Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 54-year-old woman had been given a diagnosis with scleroderma and interstitial pneumonia due to scleroderma when she was 45 years old. Thirst, with resulting polydipsia and polyuria (about 7 liters/day) were present since May, 2004, and bloody sputum appeared in June of 2004. The patient was admitted to our hospital. Chest CT examination showed multiple nodules in the bilateral lower lung field and multiple movable subcutaneous nodules on the abdomen. Small-cell lung cancer (metastases in the pituitary, subcutaneous tissue, and lungs) was diagnosed by transbronchial lung biopsy and subcutaneous nodule biopsy of the abdomen. The final diagnosis was diabetes insipidus and Cushing syndrome. Chemotherapy was done with CDDP and VP-16, which resulted in reduction of the tumor and improvement in endocrinological findings. Nevertheless, chemotherapy could not be continued because of infected bullae. The patient died of deteriorating illness after 91 sickness days. We concluded that this case was Cushing syndrome caused by ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone-producing small cell lung cancer, and that it presented with diabetes insipidus because of pituitary metastasis. Therefore, when drastic endocrinological changes are found, it is important to examine for cancer, including lung cancer, as soon as possible.
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PMID:[Case of small cell lung cancer complicated with diabetes insipidus and Cushing syndrome due to ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion]. 1801 29

Germinoma represents 7.8% of cerebral tumors in pediatric age and 50-65% of germ cell cerebral tumors. Generally it is a definite lesion of the pineal gland or suprasellar region, frequently occurring in the first three decades of life. Clinical presentation depends on tumor localization. Pineal lesions generally determine symptoms due to the compression of cerebral structures, causing Parinaud syndrome, while hypothalamic lesions are often characterized by diabetes insipidus, hypopituitarism and visual defects. In the absence of these classic signs and symptoms, however, the diagnosis of germinoma can be difficult. We presented the case of an 8-year-old boy, referred to our clinic for polyuria and polydipsia. Hormonal evaluations demonstrated central diabetes insipidus (CDI), with normal anterior pituitary function. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a lack of posterior pituitary gland and partial pituitary stalk enlargement. The patient started therapy with desmopressin (Minirin) with good hydro-electrolytic balance. During follow-up the pituitary function became insufficient with low growth velocity. A second MRI demonstrated a bifocal lesion with dyshomogeneous and cystic appearance, suggesting the diagnosis of germinoma. On the basis of this case report we would like to point out the importance of an early diagnosis in order to improve the prognosis of the disease and the necessity of a careful follow-up of these patients.
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PMID:[Germinoma: a rare cerebral tumor causing central diabetes insipidus in childhood]. 1827 71

Multiple Sclerosis (ME) is a chronic progressive disease characterized by relapses of demyelination that can occur anywhere in the brain stem, spinal cord and optic nerve. Since central diabetes insipidus (DI) is mainly caused by central nervous system damage (such as trauma, surgery, tumor, infection, sarcoidosis), ME is included among its possible etiologies. However, this association is not commonly described. The clinical suspicion must be made in the presence of polyuria and polydipsia or refractory hypernatremia (in patients without free access to water) during the evolution of ME. We will describe a clinical report in which this association occurred and, after the beginning of desmopressin therapy, the clinical findings were reverted.
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PMID:[Diabetes insipidus in a pacient with multiple sclerosis]. 1834 8

A 12-year-old, intact female beagle exhibited symptoms of polyuria-polydipsia and hyperorexia for two months. Blood tests showed elevated asparate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and creatine kinase levels, as well as marked hypokalemia. The results of adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation test showed elevated cortisol, aldosterone and corticosterone concentrations. Abdominal ultrasonography confirmed a mass in the left adrenal gland. Masses were also seen in the liver and caudal vena cava. Diagnosis was a tumor of the adrenal cortex with metastases. Trilostane administration was initiated. The dog initially showed improved demeanor as a result of regulating hormone secretion. However, after 88 days, the dog weakened rapidly, before dying on the 117th day. Pathological findings confirmed a diagnosis of adrenocortical carcinoma.
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PMID:Aldosterone-, corticosterone- and cortisol-secreting adrenocortical carcinoma in a dog: case report. 1838 37

Solitary metastatic pituitary stalk tumors account for approximately less than 1% of all pituitary gland tumors and present difficulties in clinical diagnosis because most of them are clinically silent and usually too small to cause radiological changes. With the advance of microsurgical techniques, keyhole surgery is indicated to obtain a specimen for pathological diagnosis and possible removal of the tumor. Here, we reported a patient who has a history of advanced breast cancer and who complained of polyuria and polydypsia. Magnetic resonance images revealed a solitary tumor over the pituitary stalk. A right supraorbital craniotomy was performed and the pathological report confirmed the diagnosis of metastatic breast cancer. This is the first case report using keyhole surgery to confirm the pathology and improve the clinical symptoms. The relevant literature is also reviewed.
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PMID:Keyhole surgery for isolated pituitary stalk metastatic tumors: a case report and review of the literature. 1868 14

Bronchuscarcinoma ist the most frequent death cause with tumor patients. At time of diagnosis the stadium is often already advanced, the patient is inoperable. We present a patient (non-smoker) with polydipsia, visual troubles and polyuria. The lab results confirmed diabetes insipidus, but the following x-rays proved multiple intracerebral spots. And also multiple spots in the lungs, the mediastinum, in the liver, the coloumn and the adrenals. Histological diagnosis was non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
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PMID:[Atypical case of bronchus carcinoma]. 1904 9

We report on a child with X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) who developed Wilms tumor (WT). Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is caused by mutations of the arginine vasopressin receptor (AVPR2) or aquaporin-II (AQP2) genes. Wilms tumor is also genetically heterogeneous and is associated with mutations of WT1 (15-20%), WTX (20-30%) and other loci. The boy presented at 5 months with failure to thrive, polyuria, hypernatremia and abdominal mass. Analysis of leukocyte DNA showed a novel missense mutation (Q174H) of the AVPR2 gene, which was not present in his mother. In cells (WitS) isolated from the tumor, WTX mRNA expression and coding sequence were intact. However, we identified a 44-kb homozygous deletion of the WT1 gene spanning exons 4 to 10. The WT1 deletion was not present in leukocyte DNA from the patient or his mother. We also noted strong beta-catenin (CTNNB1) expression in the tumor cells and identified a heterozygote missense Ser45Cys mutation of exon 3 of CTNNB1. However, the mutation was absent both in the constitutional DNA of the patient and his mother. The concurrence of WT and NDI has not been previously reported and may be unrelated. Nevertheless, this case nicely illustrates the sequence of events leading to sporadic Wilms tumor.
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PMID:Wilms tumor arising in a child with X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. 1929 27

Here we report a case in which an intracranial germinoma displayed spontaneous regression. An 11-year-old boy presented with polyuria and headache. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed tumors in the suprasellar and pineal regions, and obstructive hydrocephalus. As repeat MRI demonstrated shrinkage of these tumors, resection was deferred. The patient was discharged and followed up with serial MRI. The tumor continued to regress for three weeks; however, the patient was readmitted due to tumor regrowth. We performed endoscopic biopsy, and histopathologic diagnosis was germinoma. The patient underwent three courses of combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and complete response was achieved. Although the precise cause of the transient regression is unknown, racranial germinoma may occasionally unde rgo spontane ous regression.
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PMID:[Spontaneous regression of primary intracranial germinoma: a case report]. 1930 48

A 26-year-old man presented with a xanthogranuloma located exclusively in the suprasellar region manifesting as general fatigue, bitemporal hemianopsia, and polyuria. Endocrinological examination disclosed severe hypopituitarism. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a clearly defined suprasellar mass that was heterogeneously enhanced after gadolinium administration and was markedly hypointense on T(2)-weighted images. The tumor was subtotally removed under a preoperative diagnosis of craniopharyngioma. Histological examination found fibrous tissue with abundant cholesterol clefts, multinucleated giant cells, and hemosiderin deposits, but no epithelial cells. Xanthogranulomas of the sellar region are reported to be predominantly located in the sella turcica, but should be included in the differential diagnosis even in cases of suprasellar mass lesions.
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PMID:Xanthogranuloma in the suprasellar region. 1931 39

A 30-year-old man was hospitalized with edema, polyuria, and abnormalities in taste. ACTH and cortisol levels at admission were markedly elevated, even after attempted suppression with 8 mg dexamethasone. A thoracic-abdominal CT revealed an anterior mediastinal lesion and hyperplasia of both adrenal glands. After excision of the mediastinal mass, which confirmed the presence of a carcinoid thymic tumor, the patient became totally asymptomatic, with normal ACTH and cortisol levels. A carcinoid thymic tumor has a poor prognosis, especially when it is associated with Cushing's syndrome. Most patients will present recidivism or metastasis within 5 years after surgery. However, the low number of cases available for analysis makes it difficult to establish optimum therapeutic approaches.
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PMID:Carcinoid tumor of the thymus associated with Cushing's syndrome and dysgeusia: case report and review of the literature. 1985 42


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