Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Of cases of hyperadrenocorticism in small animals 80-85% are the result of adrenocortical hyperplasia. Middle-aged or older Poodles, Dachshunds, Boston Terriers and Boxers are most commonly affected, and cats rarely. Clinical signs include polydipsia, polyuria, alopecia, abdominal distension, lethargy, weakness, hepatomegaly, calcinosis cutis, testicular atrophy and anestrus. Hematologic and biochemical changes may include neutrophilia, lymphopenia, monocytosis, eosinopenia, increased blood levels of alkaline phosphatase, SGPT, cholesterol, Na and glucose, and decreased K and T4 levels. The high-dosage dexamethasone suppression test helps differentiate pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism from that caused by adrenal tumors. The low-dosage dexamethasone suppression test, determination of plasma ACTH levels, and ACTH response test are additional diagnostic aids in the diagnosis of Cushing's disease. Medical treatment involves oral use of mitotane (o,p'-DDD) at 50 mg/kg/day for 7 days and prednisone or prednisolone at 0.05 mg/kg/day. Hypophysectomy has been used with only 5% mortality in cases of pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. Adrenalectomy is indicated in cases of adrenal neoplasia.
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PMID:Diseases of the adrenal cortex of dogs and cats. 633 May 21

A 16-year-old girl presented with amenorrhea, polyuria, and thirst for eight months and severe headaches for two weeks. An intrasellar mass protruding above the sella turcica was demonstrated by pneumoencephalography. When the tumor was approached surgically by a transsphenoidal route, it was found that the sella turcica contained encapsulated purulent material under pressure. Ampicillin and methicillin had been given preoperatively, and postoperatively she required hormonal replacement therapy for anterior and posterior pituitary hypofunction.
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PMID:A pituitary abscess simulating an intrasellar tumor. 741 96

A 46-year-old man who had a history of hypogonadism, bilateral hydronephrosis and huge residual urine volume during the past ten years was admitted complaining of fever and flank pain. Polyuria which was more than 4 liters per day and inability of urine concentration suggested diabetes insipidus. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated a tumor which was compatible with craniopharyngioma. Tumor resection and administration of desmopressin improved polyuria and urinary tract dilatation with marked reduction of residual urine volume from 400 ml to 20 ml.
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PMID:[Nonobstructive urinary tract dilatation due to diabetes insipidus in a patient with craniopharyngioma]. 757 40

We are reporting on a case of diabetes insipidus (DI) and anterior pituitary failure revealing a breast cancer metastasis. Ten years after being diagnosed with a unilateral breast cancer, the patient presented with asthenia, thirst, polyuria and nocturia improved by subcutaneous DDAVP. MRI revealed a thickened pituitary stalk. DI is uncommon, late and usually asymptomatic in breast cancer. The association with an anterior pituitary failure is even more rare. In our patient the metastasis is in the pituitary stalk and seems to be due to meningeal deposits. MRI appears to be the best procedure to perform, showing a thickening stalk. Extension to the pituitary gland is related to direct tumor invasion from adjacent structures rather than haematogenous spread.
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PMID:[Diabetes insipidus disclosing metastasis of breast adenocarcinoma]. 765 28

Clinical manifestations and endocrine functions were evaluated in 17 children with suprasellar germinoma. Polyuria and growth retardation were the most common initial symptoms. Physical and neurological examinations revealed diabetes insipidus in 17, growth retardation in five, and visual disturbance in three of the patients. Assessment of hypothalamic-pituitary function before treatment revealed pituitary deficits in all patients involving growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and adrenocorticotropic hormone. These pituitary dysfunctions persisted after tumor remission due to radiation therapy. These results indicate that children with suprasellar germinoma need long-term hormone replacement therapy to prevent growth retardation, thyroid dysfunction, and delayed secondary sexual development.
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PMID:Endocrine functions in children with suprasellar germinoma. 768 21

This study concerns the cases of 4 patients with polyuria and polydipsia syndrome as part of a known evolutive neoplasia. MRI demonstrated an intra- and supersellar tumoral process developed from the pituitary stalk and the posterior pituitary lobe suggesting metastasis.
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PMID:[Diabetes insipidus caused by metastasis to the hypothalamo-hypophyseal axis. Apropos of 4 cases]. 770 33

We report a case of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) accompanied by hyponatremia and polyuria which was induced by tumor invasion into the pituitary gland. Magnetic resonance imaging showed the pituitary gland pushed upward by NPC. Hypopituitarism due to an intracranial tumor and the extracellular volume excess due to chemotherapy caused hyponatremia and polyuria. As the intracranial tumor was diminished by chemotherapy and irradiation, pituitary hormones were normalized. In patients with T4 NPC, pituitary-adrenocortical function should be endocrinologically evaluated before treatment.
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PMID:Hypopituitarism and hyponatremia in a case with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. 783 87

We studied the incidence of postoperative hyponatremia in 91 consecutive patients (44 males and 47 females; age, 45 yr; range, 12-76) operated on transsphenoidally for pituitary tumors. A postoperative serum sodium concentration less than 135 mmol/L (the lowest, 109 mmol/L) was observed in 32 (35%) patients. Hyponatremia occurred most commonly in patients operated on for Cushing's disease (11 of 18 patients; 61%). Hyponatremia was symptomatic in 18 (56%) of the patients. Neither the size nor the operability of the tumor or transient postoperative polyuria predicted the development of hyponatremia. Hyponatremia was first observed on the sixth or seventh postoperative day. The patients were treated with water restriction and by increasing the hydrocortisone replacement dose in the case of ACTH deficiency, and recovery took place, on the average, within 5 days. High urinary osmolality and plasma arginine vasopressin concentration during hyponatremia in a subgroup of study patients with these measurements indicated that inappropriate vasopressin secretion was involved in the pathogenesis of hyponatremia. In conclusion, postoperative hyponatremia after transsphenoidal surgery is common and may put the patients at increased risk of severe hyponatremic symptoms. Therefore, all patients should be screened for serum electrolytes for 1 week after transsphenoidal surgery.
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PMID:Hyponatremia after transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary tumors. 796 34

A 21-year-old female was admitted to Tamono City Hospital with chief complaint of dyspnea due to spontaneous pneumothorax. The patient was transferred to our clinic for further examination of abnormal chest X-ray findings together with skin lesions and other symptoms of polyuria, amenorrhea and narrowed visual fields. Histochemical and electron microscopic examination of lung tissue obtained by open lung biopsy led to the diagnosis of eosinophilic granuloma. Furthermore, enhanced computed tomography and magnetic resonance images showed the existence of an intracranial tumor in the supra-hypophyseal region which was interpreted as the cause of hormonal and visual disturbances. Because of dyspnea and enlargement of intracranial tumor, treatment with steroid hormone was commerced followed by tapering of the dose. Chest X-ray findings and skin lesions improved markedly and the intracranial tumor regressed significantly with this steroid therapy, indicating that the intracranial tumor represented involvement with eosinophilic granuloma.
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PMID:[A case of pulmonary eosinophilic granuloma with extrapulmonary involvement treated effectively with steroid hormone]. 811 77

A case of sinus thrombosis occurring during combination chemotherapy with CDDP and VP-16 (PE) for a suprasellar germ-cell tumor is presented. A 5-year-old girl developed polyuria, polydipsia and headache in April, 1991 and became unconscious on May 10, 1991, when MRI and CT demonstrated a suprasellar tumor and marked hydrocephalus. After a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt operation, radiotherapy and two courses of PE therapy were carried out. During the second course of PE therapy, diabetes insipidus became quite difficult to control and severe hypovolemic hypernatremia developed. While it was being treated, the patient developed a clonic convulsion of her left extremities and visual disturbance. CT scan demonstrated a right parietal hemorrhagic infarction and IV-DSA suggested thrombosis of the superior sagittal sinus. Laboratory data disclosed DIC. The main cause of sinus thrombosis in this patient was considered severe dehydration. It is also possible that cisplatin and steroid played a role. In addition to these, dysfunction of hypothalamus, which is one of the regulatory centers of the plasma concentration of factor VIII, may have contributed to the acceleration of blood coagulation. This case re-emphasized the importance of preventing dehydration and monitoring the blood coagulation fibrinolytic system during PE therapy in patients with a suprasellar germ-cell tumor accompanied with diabetes insipidus.
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PMID:[Sinus thrombosis during CDDP and VP-16 (PE) therapy for suprasellar germ-cell tumor: case report]. 825 77


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