Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Osteoporosis in a painful hip is usually a sign of inflammation or tumor. There exists, however, a self-limited clinical entity that presents with pain in the hip and where the only roentgenological manifestation is osteoporosis. Eight patients with this disease are described: five men and three women, ranging in age from 29 to 50 years. In four patients, the onset of disease was related to sprain, pregnancy, or delivery. Laboratory analyses and the clinical course of the disease excluded inflammation or a neoplasm as the cause. All patients fully recovered with 12 month, with no sequelae. The etiology of the disease remains unknown.
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PMID:Transient osteoporosis of the hip. 6 11

Out of 180 incubations of human biopsies 33 were from patients with malignant tumors of the oral region. In 9 cases it was possible to analyse the cell cycle of the tumor cells with the double labeling in vitro method (3H and 14C-thymidine). Histologically the tumors were keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas with high labeling indices. The generation time of the tumor cells ranged from 20 to 130 hours. The length of the DNA synthesis phase varied between 7.3 and 17.9 hours. With the knowledge of the cell-kinetic data the patients received an infusion of 5 Fluorouracil throughout the length or parts of the calculated G 1 phase. At the end of the 5 FU infusion there was a constant two-hour pause and after the duration of the calculated DNA synthesis phase the tumors were irradiated with 150 rd per session. The treatment was repeated until a total dose of 6000 rd was achieved. Under the combined therapy of 5 FU and irradiation the inoperable keratinizing highly differentiated squamous cell carcinomas regressed extraordinarily fast. The patients were free of pain after a very short time. No vital tumor tissue was visible in control biopsies. Some patients remained without any tumor recurrence now more than 2 years after onset of therapy. In the discussion it is stressed that the reason for the successful treatment of highly differentiated squamous cell carcinomas with 5 Fluorouracil and subsequent irradiation is not easily explained, because recent experimental findings and impulsecytophotometrical studies on human biopsy material suggest that both the synergistic action of thecytostatic drug and the irradiation as well as an altered recruitment of the tumor cells are responsible for the clinical success rather than a synchronisation effect.
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PMID:Cell-kinetical analyses of squamous cell carcinomas of the oral region and the effect of a combined therapy of 5 fluorouracil and irradiation. A contribution to the discussion about tumorcell-synchronization. 7 40

The clinical and pathological features of 104 cases of chondroma of soft parts are presented. The tumor occurred predominately in the third and fourth decades, was slightly more common in male (61%) than in female patients, and affected chiefly the soft tissues of the hand (64%) and feet (20%). The presenting symptom was usually a slowly and insidiously growing mass, occasionally causing tenderness or pain. Nearly always the tumor was well demarcated and lobulated and measured between 1 and 2 cm in greatest diameter. Microscopically, most of the tumors were composed of adult-type hyaline cartilage, undergoing calcification in a large percentage of cases. In addition, histologic variants with giant cell proliferation and chondroblastic activity could be distinguished. Despite the slight cellular pleomorphism and the plump appearance of many cartilage cells in the chondroblastic variants, there was no evidence that these tumors behaved differently from the tumors composed predominately of adult-type hyaline cartilage. Of the 56 patients with follow-up information (median follow-up period, 5.7 years) 44 were alive and well with no evidence of recurrence in the follow-up period. In 10 patients the tumor had recurred once. Multiple recurrences or metastatic lesions were no observed. Two patients died of unrelated cause. Complete local excision appears to be the treatment of choice.
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PMID:Chondroma of soft parts. 7 5

In incurable cancer of the mouth and oropharynx, reasonable palliative therapy should render the patient's remaining life-span worth living. The following problems impair tumor patient's well-being: 1. pain, 2. ingestive and respiratory difficulties, 3. aspect, 4. odor, 5. psychic trauma resulting from 3 and 4. Pain, either caused by the tumor itself or as a reaction to irradiation or inflammatory response, is of primary importance. Impairment of ingestion, respiration, and speech diminishes the quality of life. Disfigurement of the face or a penetrating odor may sometimes cause additional psychic stress. Besides palliative radio- and chemotherapy, in certain cases palliation can be obtained by surgery, which may reduce the size of a cosmetically disturbing tumor mass or create a clean wound surface easier to care for than a necrotic surface. Furthermore, painful neuralgic nerve branches may be severed. Severe lymphedema of the face and neck may be improved by lumbo-peritoneal shunt operation. Most recently, cryosurgery has won an established place in the management of these problems, although certain restrictions must be observed. Superficial recurrences can be treated without further mutilation of the patient. Painful areas of the tumor can be eradicated. Recurrences in the hypopharynx, which are accessible with difficulty only, can be treated with a cryosonde with little harm to an already impaired patient. Multiple tumor lesions can be iced at the same time. Among the reasonable palliative methods of treatment, synchronized irradiation and chemotherapy as well as implantation of solid radioactive substances must be mentioned.
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PMID:[Meaningful possibilities of palliative therapy of incurable mouth and pharyngeal neoplasms and their recurrence]. 7 20

A case of right sided extradural neurinoma at the level of the foramen magnum is reported which presented as an intramedullary spinal cord syndrome. Ischemia of the anterior spinal artery or of the vertebral artery was considered to be an important pathogenic factor in the production of the neurological syndrome. The outer part of the spinothalamic tract, where sensory fibers carrying pain and thermal sensibility from the sacral segments are situated, escaped ischemia as that part is supplied by penetrating branches of the pial arterial plexus. The discrepancy between the level of neurological deficit (C5) and site of the tumor (C1-2) was due to distant ischemia. The lack of a history of root pain and the rapid recovery following removal of the tumor also favor a vascular origin for the neurological deficit.
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PMID:Intramedullary syndrome due to an extradural neurinoma near the foramen magnum. 7 75

From 1950 through 1974, a total of 108 cases of primary intestinal leiomyosarcoma were seen at the Mayo Clinic. Most of these uncommon tumors occurred in the fifth and sixth decades of life, and more of them in men than in women (2.6:1). There were 73% in the small bowel, 25% in the large bowel, and 2% in the anus. Gastrointestinal bleeding and pain were the two most common signs at presentation, and they led to surgical exploration in all cases where they appeared. By the time surgery was performed, only 48% of the tumors could be resected with hope of cure. Within that group of cases, 50% of the patients survived 5 years, but only 35% survived 10 years, late recurrence being common. The histologic grade of the tumor affected survival to erroneous early optimism in prognosis.
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PMID:Leiomyosarcoma of the small and large bowel. 8 Nov 1

Pain, weakness, or paralysis from involvement of the spinal cord and nerve roots secondary to invasion of the vertebrae by a malignant tumor often can be avoided or alleviated by stabilization of the spine. Twelve patients with neoplastic infiltration of the cervical vertebrae were so treated. The operation of wiring, augmentation bone-grafting, and decompression of the spinal cord was successful after conservative methods failed. Indications for operation were: (1) unremitting pain in the neck, not relieved by bracing or radiation therapy; (2) a major degree of vertebral destruction with loss, or impending loss, of support for the head; (3) collapse of a vertebral body; or (4) neural deficit from local tumor invasion. A classification of our twelve patients into three groups helped to delineate the surgical procedure needed. The value of obtaining spinal stability and a solid fusion above and below the tumor was evident in eleven patients. For almost all of their survival time, they were comfortable. Surgical treatment may not appreciably extend the lenght of a patient's survival, but it generally improves the patient's quality of life.
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PMID:Metastatic tumors involving the cervical vertebrae: surgical palliation. 8 Dec 9

Surgery is the modality of choice in curative treatment for cancer of the colon and rectum. Since a majority of the patients present advanced disease where the surgical outlook is poor, adjuvant therapy may be warranted. Clinical and experimental data demonstrate the benefits from preoperative radiation therapy and some clinical reports indicate the beneficial effects of postoperative radiotherapy. Two national studies are underway to determine the effectiveness of preoperative radiation therapy in moderate doses. A similar study is suggested to establish the effectiveness of postoperative radiation therapy.For patients who are poor surgical risks, or for a tumor which is considered to be inoperable, and in a selected group, radiation therapy can be used as a curative procedure. Advantages include eliminating the need for a permanent colostomy. In case of failure, electrocoagulation and abdominal perineal resection are still available alternatives.A modest amount of radiation therapy can afford maximum palliation with minimum discomfort to the patient. About 80-90 percent of patients with pain and bleeding and 50 percent of patients with symptomatic liver metastasis respond favorably.
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PMID:Carcinoma of the rectum and rectosigmoid colon: role of radiation therapy. 8 20

Eleven patients with advanced multiple myeloma refractory to standard chemotherapy were treated with a regimen of sequential hemi-body radiotherapy consisting of 800 rad midplane in a single dose to each half. 9/10 patients experienced significant relief of skeletal pain and there were 5/11 objective tumor responses with one complete remission. Treatment-related morbidity was significant and consisted primarily of nausea and emesis, bone marrow suppression, and pneumonitis. This therapy is helpful in the management of advanced myeloma, and should be studied earlier in the course of the disease.
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PMID:Sequential hemi-body radiotherapy in advanced multiple myeloma. 8 3

The short range tissue destruction of beta-emitting radioisotopes can be utilized in painful metastatic disease of the skeleton by employing a radionuclide that is specifically metabolized in or adjacent to these lesions. Sodium phosphate P 32 has been used for this purpose for the past 25 yr. It uptake in skeletal tumor and in osteoblastic new bone adjacent to tumor can be markedly increased by pharmacologic stimulation using androgenic steroids, or during rebound deposition after a course of parathyroid hormone. Although efficacy in terms of subjective pain relief is high, more objective signs of success are often lacking, and survival, while more confortable, is not prolonged. Marrow depression is the most significant side effect. A beta-emitting, bone-seeking isotope, 89Sr, may have a better therapeutic/toxic ratio, and should receive further trial. Radiation-induced necrosis has also been applied, though more hesitantly, to the proliferative, destructive, but nonmalignant synovium in rheumatoid disease. Here, a number of colloidal preparations, most commonly 198Au, have been employed. Again, relief of symptoms, particularly recurrent joint effusions, is quite high, although the basic disease process is not reversed. The major hazard here appears to be leakage of material to regional lymph nodes, resulting in irradiation of circulating lymphocytes. Although chromosomal damage can be detected when such cells are then cultured, the actual consequences of this, if any, are not presently known. Both shorter-lived (165Dy) and longer-lived (32P) larger-size colloids are being evaluated, which may prove safer in this regard than 198Au.
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PMID:Radioisotope therapy in bone and joint disease. 9 Mar 87


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