Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thirty-nine unselected patients suffering from inoperable, recurrent, or residual adenocarcinoma of the stomach were referred for palliation with fast neutrons from the Medical Research Council's cyclotron at Hammersmith Hospital. A full course of 1440 rads given in 12 treatments over 26 days was administered to the patients. Because of the relatively low energy (7-5 MeV) of the beam from this particular machine, it was not possible to deliver the full dose uniformly throughout the tumour except in extremely thin patients. Pain, dysphagia, vomiting, and bleeding were relieved in the majority of cases. The side effects were minimal and easily controlled. Palpable masses disappeared. Five patients required surgery after neutron therapy. All the incisions were made through irradioated tissue and all except one healed normally. Tumour was present outside the treated area, but the absence of any palpable mass within the treated area was a consistent finding. Radiologically, the stomachs remained abnormal and later changes included gross mucosal abnormality and shrinkage. Fourteen patients came to necropsy and in 10 no tumour was present macroscopocally. Tumour cells were seen in all except two cases but these were few, surrounded by dense fibrous tissue, and may not have been viable. The remaining stomach was abnormal with a thickened wall and destruction of mucosa. Three of the four cases in which macroscopic tumour was present received less than the standard dose because of the inadequate penetration of the beam. Excellent regression of tumors was achieved by the neutrons, but the stomachs did not recover from this satisfactorily. Gastrectomy four to six months after treatment is therefore suggested. This operation and other surgical procedures in other patients were successfully carried out. There is a need for higher energy neutrons to improve treatment and extend it to patients of thick-set build.
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PMID:The effects of fast neutrons on inoperable carcinoma of the stomach. 4 31

The authors studied normal human skin reactions to two different rapid radiotherapy schedules of 2 sessions per day and evaluated their effectiveness in relief of pain and local tumor control. Patients were randomized to three treatment groups: SCHEDULE A (control): conventional one treatment per day regimen totalling 3,760 rads in 22-23 days; SCHEDULE B: 2 sessions per day totalling 3,440 rads in 10-11 days; and SCHEDULE C: 2 sessions per day totalling 3,568 rads in 10-11 days. The pattern and magnitude of skin reactions in the three schedules are nearly identical but tumor regression and pain relief were achieved faster in the rapid fractionation schedules.
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PMID:Evaluation of rapid radiation treatment schedules utilizing two treatment sessions per day. 5 Jun 11

Various dose-time treatment plans have been used to obtain long duration pain relief in patients with metastatic bone disease. Very little has appeared in the literature evaluating the relationship of dose and fractionation to initial, delayed and permanent bone pain relief. At the Swedish Hospital Tumor Institute, 152 treatment fields in 110 patients were evaluated, with a clinical follow-up in many of over five years. Those treated at lower total doses with less fractionation achieved the same quality and duration of pain relief as higher doses. Treatment plans also were compared using the Ellis method of nominal standard dose.
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PMID:Effective bone palliation as related to various treatment regimens. 5 20

It has been traditional to exclude patients with radiation-recurrent carcinoma of the uterine cervix or other pelvic neoplasms, incapacitating pelvic pain, postirradiation fistulas, hemorrhage, or malodorous draining tumor necrosis from pelvic exenteration if cure of the malignant disease is not achievable. This negative attitude is a direct result of the reported high morbidity, prohibitive mortality, and low salvage rate previously associated with pelvic exenteration, the only acceptable surgical approach to these diseases. A recent experience with eighteen patients who underwent pelvic exenteration for advanced primary or recurrent carcinoma of the cervix, urinary bladder, or rectum has led us to challenge several traditional concepts regarding this operative procedure. We have observed but one operative death and our morbidity has been minimal. This may reflect our belief that an aggressive pelvic lymphadenectomy in those patients with direct visceral involvement from radiation-recurrent carcinoma of the pelvic viscera is not advantageous since no significant survival has ever been documented for patients with pathologic visceral involvement and positive lymph nodes. In addition, significant morbidity has always been associated directly with pelvic lymphadenectomy in the irradiated pelvis, and elimination of this phase of the operation in selected patients with radiation-recurrent carcinoma is indicated. Moreover, the considerable decrease in morbidity and the minimal mortality observed have led us to adopt a very liberal attitude toward preoperative selection criteria, and we regularly now use pelvic exenteration not only for cure but as intentional palliation in selected patients. We strongly believe that elimination of pain, fistulas, pelvic sepsis, hemorrhage, and malodorous areas of tumor necrosis are important for improving the quality of life for both the patient and family.
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PMID:Pelvic exenteration as palliation of malignant disease. 5 24

Every physician at some time must manage pain associated with advanced cancer. In spite of the hopeless prognosis, the problem of pain deserves an intelligent appraisal and a systematic plan for relief to conserve the patients's physical, mental, and moral resources and social usefulness as long as possible. Selection of a method of tumor therapy from an array of laternatives demands study of the individual patient and careful consideration of the appropriate measures-the possibilities for success and the limitations, benefits, and risks.
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PMID:The medical approach to management of pain caused by cancer. 6 3

Report on 54 patients with bronchial carcinoma, where a primary palliative resection of the tumor has to be done. Indications were central abscess of the carcinoma, bleeding of the tumor by arrosion, pain because of infiltration of chestwall, patient's demand on operation. Beneath lobectomy and pneumonectomy parietal pleurectomy, exstirpation of subclavian lymphnodes of the carcinoma and endobronchial resections of the tumor were done. In addition from 1970 to 1975 on 61 patients 66 resections of pulmonary metastasis were done. Surgical therapy of coin lesions without long preoperative surveillance is mandatory.
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PMID:[Palliative surgery in bronchial carcinoma and surgery for metastases (author's transl)]. 6 12

A case of meningeal carcinomatosis associated with cerebral metastases from an adrenal neuroblastoma is described. The clinical picture was ushered-in by bilateral sciatic pain in a 50 years old female and was followed by rapidly progressive sensory-motor deficits of the arms and legs, leading to flaccid quadriplegia associated with paralysis of cranial nerves and episodes of mental confusion. Death occurred 4 months alter, in cardiac failure. At autopsy, a bilateral tumor of the adrenal glands was found. No metastases were detected anywhere except in the central nervous system. Histology identified the tumor as a neuroblastoma; meningeal carcinomatosis, radicular infiltration by tumor cells and parenchimal metastases were found in the central nervous system. Neuroblastoma is typically a tumor of childhood, only 13% of them being found in adult's according to Russell and Rubinstein. Meningeal metastases from adrenal neuroblastoma have not hitherto been reported in the literature. In our opinion, the most likely mode of spread of tumor cells to the central nervous system was hematogenous because of the presence of small multiple intraparenchimal metastases; however, possible spread through the perineural lymphatics, as proposed by others, cannot be excluded, due to the prominent localization of tumor cells at spinal roots level. The main differential diagnostic problems (paraneoplastic neuropathy (Wyburn-Mason) and infectious subacute or chronic meningitis) are discussed. The authors stress the emportance of complete cerebro-spinal fluid examination including a careful search for tumor cells.
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PMID:[Meningeal carcinomatosis: clinical and anatomical study of a case of suprarenal neuroblastoma (author's transl)]. 6

Case reports are given of 37 patients treated between 1964 and 1976 because of carcinoma of the anus, and clinical signs and symptoms, therapy and prognosis are discussed. Most of the patients were 50-70 years old, women being more often afficted then men. Often the carcinoma was misdiagnosed as a benign disease. Hemorrhage and pain were the presenting symptoms in most of the case. Therapy depends upon the localization and the stage of the tumor. Carcinoma localizad distally of the linea dentata were excised locally; infiltrating carcinomas received radiotherapy postoperatively. Abdominal amputation of the rectum was performed if the linea dentata or regional lymph-nodes were involved. Bilateral dissection of inguinal lymph-nodes was performed only if inguinal metastases were suspected. No patients surviving 5 years were observed in the group with lymph-node metastases. On the contrary all patients survived, if carcinoma was localized distally to the linea dentata and had been excised locally. Recurrent malignancy was found only in 3 of these cases. On the basis of these findings it can be concluded that local excision is the therapy of choice in selected cases.
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PMID:[Carcinoma of the anus - clinical signs and symptoms, therapy and prognosis (author's transl)]. 6 37

Many studies have suggested that psychotropic drugs may be valuable in the managment of chronic painful conditions and of the pain due to neoplastic disease. An opiate-sparing effect has been postulated. Most of the studies are, unfortunately, uncontrolled. The question arises as to whether psychotropic drugs, in addition to allaying anxiety and depression, alter pain threshold or the appreciation of pain.
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PMID:The use of psychotropic drugs in other painful conditions. 6 74

In 16 patients with advanced squamous cell carcinomas infiltration therapy with Bleomycin was used either peritumorally or intratumorally. In no case a chirurgical or radiological therapy could be used. The applied doses varied between 120 mg and 555 mg. With this cytostatic infiltration therapy a measurable reduction of the tumor could be achieved in all patients, in 2 patients a total and in 3 patients a partial remission could be observed. The general conditions, as well as the intake of food were improved. A further advantage was the relief of pain with this therapy.
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PMID:[Bleomycin in the intratumoral treatment of advanced squamous cell carcinomas in the oto-rhino-laryngological region (author's transl)]. 6 43


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