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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Current chemotherapy of malignant brain tumor bases on cell kinetics. Chemotherapeutic agents are devided into two, cell cycle specific (CCS) and cell cycle non specific (CCNS) agents. A case of malignant glioma successfully treated by chemo-radiotherapy using a new combination of the two agents , Carboquone (CQ) as CCNS, which has not appeared in literature, and FT-207 as CCS is reported. A malignant glioma in the right frontal lobe in a case of 51-year-old male was removed subtotaly on Dec. 10th, 1971 in our clinic. Three years and five months after the surgery, the patient was diagnosed as having a recurred malignant glioma in the left frontal lobe from the clinical symptoms. This was supported by a positive brain scan and carotid angiography. A total dose of 57mg of CQ was continuously into the left internal carotid artery during two months. Simultaneously, 16g of FT-207 as a total dose was given orally and 4,550 rads of Telecobalt-60 were irradiated. One month after the beginning of these treatments, clinical symptoms improved obviously. Four months later, the size of the tumor shadow on the brain scan decreased remarkably and the shifted anterior cerebral artery returned to normal position on the carotid angiogram. Anemia, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, nausea, and anorexia were the side-effects of these treatments. But these complications disappeared six weeks after the termination of the treatments.
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PMID:[Regression of a recurrent malignant glioma by combined chemoradiotherapy utilizing carboquone, FT-207 and telecobalt--report of a case (author's transl)]. 33 Nov 31

A new derivative of ellipticine, hydroxy-9-methyl-2-ellipticinium acetate, was found to be a useful anti-tumor drug in advanced cancers which could not be treated any longer successfully by any other procedure. In our series of 100 patients, the best results were obtained with bone metastases from breast carcinomas and with anaplastic thyroid carcinomas. Most patients usually received a weekly perfusion of 80 mg/m2. The main characteristic of this drug is its lack of hematologic, and hepatic toxicity. No renal trouble was observed during the first year, but 2 deaths from renal insufficiency occured during the 18th and 15th month of treatment. The most frequent side effect consists of digestive troubles (nausea, vomiting) which rarely compelled to stop the treatment (4 times in 100 patients).
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PMID:[Hydroxy 9-methyl 2-ellipticinium acetate (NSC 264-137). Toxicologic study and therapeutic effect in 100 cancers (author's transl)]. 47 24

4'-(9-Acridinylamino)methanesulfon-m-anisidide (m-AMSA, NSC 249992), an acridine derivative, was given to 28 patients with solid tumors and one patient with Hodgkin's disease in a Phase I clinical trial. The dose schedule used was a single dose given every 14 days for three doses. The amount given ranged from 10 to 120 mg/sq m/dose. Dose-limiting toxicity was moderate to severe leukopenia which occurred at and above 70 mg/sq m. Thrombocytopenia was infrequent and did not require transfusion. Nonhematological side effects were mild and included nausea, vomiting, local irritation, and fever. Antineoplastic activity was noted in liposarcoma, adenocarcinoma of unknown primary origin, and squamous carcinoma of unknown primary origin (one patient each). Pharmacokinetics studies were done in 19 patients. Total m-AMSA and free m-AMSA concentrations showed a biphasic distribution with an initial rapid phase of t1/2 = 10 to 15 min for both, and a second slow phase of t1/2 = 8 to 9 hr for total m-AMSA and 3 hr for free m-AMSA. Phase II studies with m-AMSA, in hematological cancers are warranted, since its most consistent effect is on leukocytes. The recommended dosages for solid-tumor Phase II studies are 70 mg/sq m for good-risk patients and 50 mg/sq m for poor-risk patients, given as a single dose every other week, or 120 mg/sq m for poor-risk patients for the single-dose every-3-week schedule.
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PMID:Phase I clinical and pharmacological study of 4'-(9-acridinylamino)-methanesulfon-m-anisidide using an intermittent biweekly schedule. 47 24

A phase I clinical study of bruceantin was conducted in 66 patients with various types of advanced solid tumors to evaluate its toxicity and efficacy. The initial dose of 0.2 mg/m2/day x 5 days repeated at 2-week intervals was progressively increased to a maximum dose of 4.5 mg/m2/day. Hypotension was the dose-limiting toxic effect; it was delayed, cumulative, and occurred more often in patients with abnormal pretreatment liver function. Nausea, vomiting, and fever were common at higher doses, and diarrhea, stomatitis, alopecia, paresthesia, and rash were observed in some patients. The hematologic toxicity of bruceantin was moderate at high doses and was manifested mainly as thrombocytopenia; it was more severe in patients with abnormal hepatic and renal functions. No objective tumor regressions were observed. The recommended dose of bruceantin is 3.5 mg/m2/day x 5 days for phase II studies.
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PMID:Initial clinical studies with bruceantin. 52 18

We treated one hundred patients who had various high risk solid tumors (malignant melanomas, osteosarcomas and lung cancers) by immunostimulation alone or with a sequential and synchronized chemotherapy as a complement treatment. Institut Pasteur BCG (150 mg) was administered either by scarifications (10 X 10 of 5 cm each) or multiple puncture technique (Gun), or in the case of 12 patients, by intra-tumor injections. The following complications were observed: chills and high fever during 1 to 30 days after scarifications or gun technique. In some cases an allergic loco-regional cutaneous reaction was noted after the gun technique. Nevertheless these complications were well tolerated. However, severe reactions were observed after the intra-tumor injections: malaise, chills, sweating, hyperthermia, nausea, vomiting and changes in blood pressure. In 1 case a prolonged high fever (3 weeks) was offset only by the use of corticosteroids. In another case the patient developed hepatitis. A percutaneous liver biopsy revealed noncaseating granulomas and the presence of acid fast organisms in the liver (by means of staining by auramine and observation by fluorescence). In this patient BCG has been replaced by Corynebacterium parvum (2 X 2 mg a week). This type of adjuvant was used in 2 patients and produced the same complications as the BCG. We believe that caution must be exercised in the use of such intra-tumoral treatments. BCG must be given in the hospital and patients must receive antihistaminic preparation before and after immunostimulation.
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PMID:Complications of BCG treatment in patients bearing solid tumors. 60 45

Twenty-two patients with cutaneous metastases of malignant melanoma were treated with intralesional injections of the methanol extraction residue of bacillus Calmette-Guerin (MER). The local reaction consisted of erythema and pustule formation followed by ulceration and tumor necrosis. Side effects included fever, chills, headache and malaise in the majority of patients; nausea, vomiting, cyanosis and hypotension occurred infrequently. Hypersensitivity reactions were not observed. Temporary abnormalities in liver function were seen in 11 of 19 patients tested. Reversible lymphopenia and thrombocytopenia developed in 7 of 17 and 7 of 18 patients, respectively. Immune function, as measured by skin tests for delayed hypersensitivity and the in vitro response of isolated lymphocytes to mitogens and microbial antigens, was not influenced by treatment with MER. Transient increases were observed in total hemolytic complement, complement components and the reduction of nitroblue-tetrazolium by neutrophils. Eight of eighteen evaluable patients showed a complete disappearance of all injected lesions. We conclude that intratumoral injection of MER is effective treatment for cutaneous metastases of malignant melanoma, with a complete response rate comparable to that observed after intralesional injection of BCG.
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PMID:Intralesional injection of the methanol extraction residue of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (MER) into cutaneous metastases of malignant melanoma. 72 66

Nineteen patients with various solid tumors were treated with Corynebacterium parvum for 10 consecutive days at doses ranging from 0.5 to 6 mg/m2. Major toxic effects included rigors and cyanosis, hypertension, headache, nausea, and vomiting. Toxicity was maximal during the first 3 days of treatment and decreased or even disappeared when, on subsequent days, increasing doses of the vaccine were given. Objective tumor regressions were observed in four patients.
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PMID:Phase I study of corynebacterium parvum in patients with solid tumors. 76 53

We presented a case of hemangioblastoma associated with spina bifida occulta, persistent metopic suture, thyroid adenocarcinoma, vertebro-occipital anastomosis and erythrocytosis. We have not found a hemangioblastoma with these associations, as far as we have seen in the literature. 36-year-old male was admitted with complaints of nausea, vomiting and ataxic gait in June, 1970. On admission, the examination revealed no evidence of increased intracranial pressure except for elevated CSF pressure by lumbar puncture and incoordination. The peripheral blood count disclosed slight erythrocythemia. Vertebral angiography revealed a vascular lesion of 2.0 cm in diameter situated almost in the midline of caudal cerebellum receiving its blood supply from the right posterior inferior cerebellar artery. In addition, a right vertebro-occipital anastomosis was visualized. Plain reoentgenograms showed persistent metopic suture and spina bifida occulta of C 5 - 6. After admission, installation of Ommaya reservoir and decompressive suboccipital craniectomy were performed, and a thyroid papillary adenocarcinoma was totally removed. After discharge, he had been well for two years until a month previously to the second admission, when he commenced to have again headache, nausea, and vomiting with ataxic gait. Vertebral angiography showed the tumor enlarged in size measuring 4.0 X 5.0 cm and the tumor stain was more irregular and less homogenous than 3 years before. Brain scan revealed an increased uptake in the midline of the posterior fossa. After readmission, in April, 1973, he gradually developed dysphagia, disturbance of articulation and inactivity of mentality and died from pneumonia in October, 1974. Autopsy revealed a vascular tumor originated from the medial portion of the right cerebellum and the tumor showed multiple cyst formation in the rostral part in contrast to the caudal solid mass. Histologically the tumor tissue was composed of capillaries supported by fine argyrophilic fibers, large clear interstitial cells containing lipid granules and hemosiderin pigment. Carcinoma of the right lobe of the thyroid was found with metastasis to the bone marrow, lungs and anterior cervical lymphnodes and lymphnodes at the left supraclavicular angle. Bone marrow showed marked erythropoiesis. The case reported here provides an evidence to suggest that there is more than a random relationship between hemangioblastoma, dysraphic state and thyroid carcinoma. The other association, the vertebrooccipital anastomosis may result from the enhanced demand of blood supply by hemangioblastoma but this speculation needs further examination.
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PMID:[A case of hemangioblastoma associated with spina bifida occulta, persistent metopic suture, thyroid adenocarcinoma, vertebro-occipital anastomosis and erythrocytosis (author's transl)]. 79 Feb 13

Types of oral contraceptives, their mode of action, choice of dosage, side effects, and contraindications are summarized for the general clinician. A 50 mcg dosage of estrogen in a combination formula appears to be the minimum dose necessary for consistent protection from pregnancy although some compounds with less estrogen but a more powerful progestin appear to provide good protection. These lower dose estrogen formulations may be advised if estrogen-related symptoms such as nausea or breast soreness are encountered. In amenorrheao r symptoms of estrogen deprivation 80-100 mcgs of estrogen may be required. Although there is a risk of thromboembolic disease, hypertension, carbohydrate and lipid metabolic effects, gallbladder disease, hepatoma, and possible post-pill amenorrhea, these problems can be minimized by careful screening of patients. Benefits include decreased incidence of ovarian cysts, benign breast neoplasia, menstrual disorders, premenstrual syndrome, iron deficiency anemia, sebaceous cysts, and acne (due to decreased sebum production with estrogen adminsitration). Patients need to be reminded that the morbidity and mortality associated with pregnancy exceed that attributed to oral contraceptives.
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PMID:Oral contraception. 83 94

150 cases of prostate cancer treated with estrogens at the Urology clinic of the Hotel-Dieu from 1963 to 1974 are presented. The men ranged in age from 50 to 91; the majority were 60-69 years. Their clinical stages were 29% Stage 1, no perceptible mass; 43% Stage 2, nodule felt on rectal exam; 13% Stage 3, tumor extended outside the prostate but not metastases, normal prostatic phosphatases; and 15% Stage 4, elevated prostatic phasphatases and metastases. Diagnosis was by urinary symptoms in Stage 2 or above, rectal palpation, and puncture biopsy under local anesthesia. Estrogen treatment consisted of diethylstilbestrol, stilbelstrol diphosphate or TACE (Chlorotraianisene), or estradiol. Estrogen side effects were loss of libido after 1 month, gynecomastia, and nausea. Other treatments included prostatectomy in Stages 1 and 2, cobalt in 5 cases, castration in 3 cases, 1 endo-uretral resection, and 1 hypophysectomy. 50% died in 1 year and 16% were lost to follow up and presumed dead in 1 year; the mean survival of the others was 3 years. Estrogen therapy improved symptoms and reversed tumor growth temporarily in hormone-dependent cancers, but these tumors all escape hormone control eventually.
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PMID:[Course of prostate cancer under estrogen therapy]. 87 31


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