Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Advanced testicular tumors in 34 patients were treated by combination chemotherapy with bleomycin, vinblastine, vincristine, cis platinum and actinomycin D. The therapy was divided into 3 phases: 1) induction, 2) consolidation and 3) maintenance. Induction lasted 4 weeks and consisted of 420 mg. bleomycin, 0.2 mg./kg. vinblastine, 4 mg./kg. cis platinum, and 20 mg. prednisone daily. Consolidation lasted 6 weeks and consisted of 5 mg. actinomycin D, 6 mg. vincristine and 6 mg./kg. cis platinum. Maintenance therapy was achieved with 2.5 mg. actinomycin D every 6 weeks and 1 mg./kg. cis platinum every 3 weeks. A tumor reductive operation was done before induction of chemotherapy in 13 patients and after induction of chemotherapy in 12 patients. Nine patients were treated with chemotherapy alone. Three patients with brain metastases received concomitant radiotherapy to the brain (3,000 rads). A previous operation and chemotherapy had failed in 11 patients and previous radiotherapy had failed in 1 patient. All patients treated had at least 1 objective response (34 of 34 or 100 per cent). Partial clinical remission was achieved in 7 of 34 patients (21 per cent). A complete clinical remission was observed in 27 of 34 patients (79 per cent) and of this group 6 had a relapse. At present, 22 of 34 patients are free of disease from 4 to 24 months, with an average of 13 months (65 per cent). The toxicity consisted of nausea, vomiting, mucositis, alopecia, mild leukopenia and tinnitus. This approach seems to be effective in producing long clinical remissions in the majority of patients with advanced disease.
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PMID:Multimodal treatment of advanced testicular tumor with radical reductive surgery and multisequential chemotherapy with cis platinum, bleomycin, vinblastine, vincristine and actinomycin D. 7 91

Eleven patients with advanced multiple myeloma refractory to standard chemotherapy were treated with a regimen of sequential hemi-body radiotherapy consisting of 800 rad midplane in a single dose to each half. 9/10 patients experienced significant relief of skeletal pain and there were 5/11 objective tumor responses with one complete remission. Treatment-related morbidity was significant and consisted primarily of nausea and emesis, bone marrow suppression, and pneumonitis. This therapy is helpful in the management of advanced myeloma, and should be studied earlier in the course of the disease.
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PMID:Sequential hemi-body radiotherapy in advanced multiple myeloma. 8 3

One hundred eighteen patients with metastatic carcinoid tumor were randomized to treatment with streptozotocin combined with cyclophosphamide or with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Commonly experienced side effects were nausea, vomiting, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and nephrotoxicity. Objective response rates among eligible and evaluable patients treated with the 5-FU combination was 14 of 42 (33%) and with the cyclophosphamide combination, 12 of 47 (26%). Among those patients with carcinoids primary to the small bowel the respective response rates were 44% and 37%. The overall response rates for patients with carcinoids of pulmonary or unknown origin were only 12% and 17%. There was no significant difference in patient survival between the two treatment arms. Among 11 patients who received crossover therapy with 5-FU alone there were two responders. There were no responders among eight patients treated with cyclophosphamide alone. Urinary 5HIAA excretion proved to be a useful biologic marker in these patients that correlated well with the observed measurements of tumor bulk. Median survival times from the diagnosis of unresectable malignant disease related to sites of origin of carcinoid tumor were the following: small bowel, 28.4 months; pancreas, 24.0 months; lung, 15.1 months; and unknown origin, 9.0 months. Metastatic carcinoid tumor is a malignant disease susceptible to chemotherapeutic approaches and continued investigation of the therapy of these neoplasms should be strongly encouraged.
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PMID:Combination chemotherapy trials in metastatic carcinoid tumor and the malignant carcinoid syndrome. 9 82

The nutritional status of a cancer patient may be affected by the tumor, the chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy directed against the tumor, and by complications associated with that therapy. Chemotherapy-radiotherapy is not confined exclusively to malignant cell populations; thus, normal tissues may also be affected by the therapy and may contribute to specific nutritional problems. Impaired nutrition due to anorexia, mucositis, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea may be dependent upon the specific chemotherapeutic agent, dose, or schedule utilized. Similar side effects from radiation therapy depend upon the dose, fractionation, and volume irradiated. When combined modality treatment is given the nutritional consequences may be magnified. Prospective, randomized clinical trials are underway to investigate the efficacy of nutritional support during chemotherapy-radiotherapy on tolerance to treatment, complications from treatment, and response rates to treatment. Preliminary results demonstrate that the administration of total parenteral nutrition is successful in maintaining weight during radiation therapy and chemotherapy, but that weight loss occurs after discontinuation of nutritional support. Thus, long-term evaluation is mandatory to learn the impact of nutritional support on survival, disease-free survival, and complication rates, as well as on the possible prevention of morbidity associated with aggressive chemotherapy-radiation therapy.
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PMID:Alterations of nutritional status: impact of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. 10 84

Twenty-two cancer patients were treated with streptozotocin (SZN) in six weekly intravenous doses of 1.0-1.5 g/m2. The results of the initial courses of therapy include 3 complete and 2 partial responses, 11 patients with no change, 4 with progression, and 2 deaths due to tumor progression. Three additional deaths also due to tumor progression occurred in previously responding patients. All responses were in patients with pancreatic tumor. Toxicity consisted of transient proteinuria in 11/15 patients, transient azotemia in 11/18 patients, marked reduction of creatinine clearance in 1 patient, burning pain at site of injection, nausea, and vomiting in 20/22 patients, change of FBS from pretherapy to post-therapy of at least 10 mg/100 ml in 11/17 patients, significantly decreased platelet count in 1/22 patients, decreased Hgb in 2/22 patients, and duodenal ulcer in 2/22 patients. A reduced dosage schedule and combination with other drugs known to be effective in pancreatic tumors deserves further investigations.
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PMID:Streptozotocin therapy in 22 cancer patients. 12 12

In a prospectively randomized study, 17 evaluable patients treated with adriamycin alone, 60 mg/m2 intravenously every 3 wk, were compared with 14 patients treated with adriamycin in the same dose and schedule plus streptozotocin. 500 mg/m2/day intravenously for 5 days every 3 wk. All patients had advanced sarcomas, but none had previously received either adriamycin or streptozotocin. Objective responses were seen in 9 patients on the single drug arm (4 with more than 50% tumor shrinkage and 5 with stabilization of disease), and in 8 patients given the combination drug arm (2 with more than 50% tumor shrinkage and 6 with stabilization of disease). Duration of response and survival from treatment for both treatment groups were similar. Transient hepatic dysfunction, renal function abnormalities, and nausea with vomiting were additive in the combination drug arm, the last two limiting therapy most. Leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and mucositis appeared to be synergistically increased in patients receiving both adriamycin and streptozotocin. Patients with abnormal pretreatment renal function were able to tolerate the combination therapy without undue incidence of severity of renal toxicity. Patients who developed transient streptozotocin-related renal dysfunction were able to tolerate further doses of streptozotocin after their renal parameters normalized. Adriamycin in combination with streptozotocin did not offer any therapeutic advantage over adriamycin alone.
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PMID:Combination chemotherapy with adriamycin and streptozotocin. I. Clinical results in patients with advanced sarcoma. 13 66

Neocarzinostatin (NCS) is an antibiotic from streptomyces carzinostaticus which inhibits DNA synthesis. Clinical trials in Japan began in 1971. NCS is active against S-180, Ehrlich tumor, L1210, Yoshida sarcoma, and a range of ascitic hepatomas. In rabbit NCS is distributed at high concentrations in the kidney, skin, stomach, pancreas, lung, and muscles. The high distribution in the pancreas and the stomach suggested possible effectiveness in human tumors at these sites. In clinical studies NCS has been shown to be active against acute leukemia. As a single agent 9 out of 51 obtained a CR with 9 more achieving a PR. Anorexia, nausea, and vomiting were the most frequent side effects. NCS has been tried in combination with Ara-C, daunorubicin and prednisolone and CR was ssen in 11 out of 14. In stomach cancer responses of some kind were observed in 12 out of 141 cases, while in the case of pancreatic tumors there were 10 out of 68.
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PMID:Clinical investigations of neocarzinostatin in Japan. 15 99

In a Phase II clinical trial, 14 patients with histologically proven primary hepatocellular carcinoma were treated with adriamycin administered intravenously at a dose of 75 mg/m2 every 3 weeks. All 11 evaluable patients responded with 3 exhibiting complete tumor regression after two, three, and five courses of adriamycin respectively. The remission durations for these 3 were 3, 6, and 7 months, and their survivals were 8, 9, and 13 months, respectively. The median survival of the evaluable patients is 8 months (range 1-13 months). The side effects encountered included myelosuppression, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and alopecia. Adriamycin seems to be an effective agent in hepatocellular carcinoma. Further trials are underway to test its true efficacy both singly and in combination with other drugs in the management of this tumor.
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PMID:Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with adriamycin. Preliminary communication. 16 83

Results of treatment for osteosarcoma of the extremity have been poor with metastases usually causing death within 2 years following diagnosis. Because of the great risk of development of metastases, 20 patients have received adjuvant chemotherapy with Adriamycin, cyclophosphamide and high-dose methotrexate-leucovorin rescue for up to 12 months following amputation for osteosarcoma. Sixteen of these patients are surviving; 11 are free of evident tumor from 6 to 34 months following amputation. Five patients were found to have pulmonary metastases while receiving chemotherapy and three patients developed metastases following completion of chemotherapy. One patient died following her third treatment with high-dose methotrexate-leucorovin rescue. Other toxicity included nausea, vomiting, mucosal ulcerations, infections, hematologic abnormalities, changes in kidney and liver functions tests, and minor coagulation abnormalities. The natural history of osteosarcoma may have been modified by the use of these agents for periods exceeding the median time to predicted detection of pulmonary metastases. Microscopic metastases of some patients were eradicated by this adjuvant chemotherapy. For patients who developed metastases, these metastases were delayed in their time of detection and in their number at the time of detection.
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PMID:Adjuvant multiple drug chemotherapy for osteosarcoma of the extremity. 29 29

A rare case of the choroid plexus papilloma originating from the extraventricle was reported. A 48-hear-old woman began not to walk well about two years ago. Then, she was complained of vertigo, hearing disturbance of the right ear and nausea. These symptoms gradually increased. On admission she had papilledema, Brun's nystagmus, hearing disturbance of right ear and cerebellar ataxia. Cerebral angiogram and CT scan showed dilated ventricles and a large tumor in the posterior fossa. At operation, tumor was found in extramedullary space at the right cerebello-pontine angle and extended to the foramen magnum. This was removed totally. Histological examination revealed choroid plexus papilloma. Her postoperative course was satisfactory and shunting procedure was not necessary. According to the electron microscopic findings, the ultrastructure of tumor was similar to that of normal choroid plexus. We could not clear the morphological features which were considered essential for overproduction of CSF in the tumor.
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PMID:[A case of choroid plexus papilloma at the right cerebello-pontine angle (author's transl)]. 30 61


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