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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a total of 511 patients with T3,N0-3,M0 laryngeal carcinoma, 24 possible prognostic factors were analyzed retrospectively. The factors were age, sex, mode of treatment, duration of several clinical symptoms, the presence of sore throat, otalgia, dyspnea, and dysphagia, previous tracheotomy, tumor extension, lymph node status (five items), histologic grading, smoking habits, and alcohol intake. For 300 patients in whom surgery was part of the primary treatment, pathologic staging of the primary tumor and of lymph nodes in neck dissection specimens, cartilage invasion, radicality of the operation, differentiation grade, and subglottic extension ware also evaluated. In a univariate analysis for the whole group, tumor extension (limited to the glottic region), lymph node status (clinically palpable lymph nodes, cytologically confirmed positive lymph nodes), level of lymph node metastasis (high and midjugular site), histologic grading (poor differentiation grade), and treatment modality (planned combined therapy) were considered to be prognostic factors of corrected actuarial survival. In the group that underwent surgery, all factors derived from specimens of the larynx and neck dissections had prognostic significance. Multivariate analysis revealed that the glottic site of the tumor, the presence of cyto- and histopathologically proven metastatic lymph nodes, pretreatment tracheotomy, positive resection margins, and planned combined treatment had a significant influence on corrected actuarial survival.
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PMID:Prognostic factors for survival in patients with T3 laryngeal carcinoma. 146 24

The eradication of basicranial meningiomas by traditional surgical techniques is often hindered by neoplastic entanglement with critical neurovascular structures. Apparent, complete tumor resection is frequently followed by extensive, yet clinically silent, recurrent disease with local infiltration of bone, cranial nerves, and brain. Fifty-five cases of sphenoid wing or parasellar meningioma were analyzed to identify clinical manifestations suggestive of early tumor recurrence. Regrowth patterns were then defined according to preoperative radiographic and intraoperative surgical findings. Medial tumor regrowth, involving the cavernous sinus, caused neurapraxia of cranial nerves III, IV, or VI, with associated diplopia or ophthalmoplegia. Inferior (caudal) regrowth of disease involved the infratemporal fossa, pterygomaxillary space, or paranasal sinuses by bony erosion of the middle cranial fossa floor or through natural anatomic foramina and fissures. Such inferior extension was manifested clinically by facial hypesthesia, trismus, and referred otalgia caused by trigeminal nerve involvement and by autophony or serous otitis media related to eustachian tube obstruction. Posterior tumor regrowth occurred along the petrous bone and horizontal carotid canal, resulting in internal auditory meatus erosion and cerebellopontine angle extension with associated tinnitus, hearing loss, unsteadiness, and occasional facial twitching. While the clinical and radiographic evaluations of any patient with a suspected recurrent basicranial meningioma are critical in planning the method and magnitude of reoperation, an understanding of potential recurrence patterns can be used in devising more extensive, combined approaches that may allow complete tumor extirpation at the initial surgical intervention.
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PMID:Meningiomas of the lateral skull base: neurotologic manifestations and patterns of recurrence. 212 32

The case series of a population-based case-control study of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers in Torino, Italy, included 281 men with clinical and anamnestic data. Two hundred fifteen, 28, and 38 cancers originated from the endolarynx, epilarynx, and hypopharynx, respectively. Regions invaded by the tumor were divided into 26 subsites. A classification based on the number of invaded subsites was proposed, which agreed well with the T classification of the TNM system. Cancers originating from the hypopharynx invaded more subsites than cancers from the endolarynx, and among the latter, supraglottic were more invasive than glottic lesions. The number of invaded subsites was strongly associated with nodal involvement. Among symptoms at onset of disease and at diagnosis, patients with endolaryngeal lesions reported dysphonia and dyspnea more frequently, and patients with lesions from other regions had a higher prevalence of dysphagia, odynophagia, otalgia, and adenopathia. Clinical and epidemiologic results of this study suggest considering the endolarynx, epilarynx, and hypopharynx as separate anatomic entities. Diagnostic delay was not associated with tumor size and showed a negative trend with involvement of cervical lymph nodes, suggesting that stage at diagnosis is due to intrinsic differences in tumor aggressiveness.
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PMID:Topographic classification, clinical characteristics, and diagnostic delay of cancer of the larynx/hypopharynx in Torino, Italy. 220 25

Extratemporal involvement of the seventh cranial nerve is often secondary to a tumor of the parotid gland. We describe six patients who had facial paralysis associated with an occult malignant neoplasm of the parotid gland. Initial evaluations in these patients, including computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, provided no evidence of a parotid tumor. Four of the six patients had a progressive triad of ear pain, facial paralysis, and sensory loss in the second and third divisions of the trigeminal nerve. This pattern indicates a high probability of a malignant lesion of the parotid gland, even in the presence of normal findings on noninvasive studies.
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PMID:Facial paralysis and occult parotid cancer. A characteristic syndrome. 282 6

Neuroendocrine tumours of the larynx are extremely rare. Only 20 cases of laryngeal carcinoid tumours have been reported. Since histological diagnosis is difficult, this unusual neoplasm was often misdiagnosed as an undifferentiated carcinoma. The case of a 72-year old man is reported, who was admitted to hospital after suffering from hoarseness and left-sided otalgia for 4 weeks. Indirect laryngoscopy showed a tumour at the left ary region. The tumour was removed endoscopically. The light and electron microscopic characteristics and the results of the histochemical examinations are reported. In a review of the literature, the data of the 19 previously published cases are discussed together with those of the present case.
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PMID:[Primary larynx carcinoid. Case report and review of the literature]. 307 Feb 49

Sixteen patients with a rare tumor, adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) involving the external auditory canal, have been studied. Clinically, most patients complained of ear pain, often of several years duration. On physical examination, a mass or a nodule usually was identified in the ear canal. In most cases, treatment consisted of a wide surgical resection of the auditory canal and adjacent structures. Histologically, these neoplasms had the same appearance as ACC originating in salivary glands. In eight cases, the tumor was confined to the ear canal wall and unquestionably arose in this area, probably within the ceruminous glands. When incompletely excised, these lesions usually recurred locally. Nine patients had a total of 26 local recurrences. Most recurrences were found within two years of the preceding treatment, but the interval in some cases was long, ranging up to 14 years. Of the 16 patients, seven had no evidence of recurrence following surgical resection, two were living with recurrent, unresectable tumor, five had died of disease, one had died of other causes, and one was lost to follow-up. Some patients died of tumor after a prolonged clinical course with multiple recurrences. Death usually was caused by intracranial extension by the tumor, or by pulmonary metastases. Radiotherapy did not appear to cure the lesion, but probably resulted in palliation. An increased incidence of recurrent, unresectable tumor or of death from the neoplasm correlated with the following histologic features: demonstration of tumor on the lines of surgical excision, involvement of the parotid gland, extension into bone, perineural invasion and local recurrence of tumor.
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PMID:Adenoid cystic carcinoma involving the external auditory canal. A clinicopathologic study of 16 cases. 629 44

Meningioma is the most common tumor of the central nervous system, but it has only been reported in 79 patients to involve the temporal bone. The 4 cases presented here show striking clinical similarity to a subgroup of 20 meningiomas reported to be entirely intratympanic; however, in each instance the extent, origin, and potential of the disease was not initially evident. Precise histopathologic diagnosis may be aided by electron microscopy. Current concepts of embryology lend credence to the possible role of arachnoid endothelial cells in the pathogenesis of intratympanic meningioma. An advanced intracranial meningioma may be overshadowed by the hearing loss, tinnitus, and otalgia calling attention to an intratympanic component. The clinician should remain suspicious of intracranial disease even after excision of an apparently well circumscribed intratemporal lesion. Progressive sensorineural hearing loss and persistent otalgia portend recurrent or intracranial disease. Follow-up for at least 10 years with judicious use of CT scans is suggested.
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PMID:Significance of apparent intratympanic meningiomas. 663 9

A patient with lymphocytic lymphoma involving the middle ear had otalgia and facial palsy as his initial symptoms, and the definitive diagnosis was made by means of biopsy of the tumor in the middle ear. Review of the literature revealed only one other case with clinical involvement of the middle ear space.
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PMID:Lymphocytic lymphoma involving the middle ear. 689 52

Studies have suggested that both natural and synthetic retinoids have extensive chemopreventive activity against a variety of carcinogens in vivo and in vitro. We have previously shown that growth of human breast cancer cells can be inhibited by retinoids, and retinoic acid-binding proteins have been demonstrated in these cell lines and tumor biopsies. We studied the activity of 13-cis-retinoic acid in the treatment of 18 patients with advanced breast cancer refractory to standard cytotoxic and/or endocrine therapy. Patients began on 0.5 mg/kg and escalated to 8 mg/kg over a one-month period unless toxicity (dry skin, dry mucosa, cheilitis, conjunctivitis) forced dose reduction. All these toxicities responded promptly to dose reduction. Four patients exhibited drug related hypercalcemia, 2 complained of severe earache and several had nausea, vomiting and abdominal cramping. There were no objective responses as defined by standard criteria. One patient with thrombocytopenia secondary to documented marrow involvement demonstrated a recovery of platelet count from 9000 to 110,000. 13-cis-Retinoic acid is not of apparent value in women with heavily pretreated breast cancer.
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PMID:Phase II trial of 13-cis-retinoic acid in metastatic breast cancer. 696 67

A 12-year-old boy presented with a history of earache, fever and granuloma of the auditory canal. Biopsy revealed embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. The patient was treated with chemotherapy and radiation therapy, which led to complete disappearance of the tumor without recurrence after three years. Diagnosis, staging and timing of the treatment plan is discussed for this rare but highly malignant tumor.
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PMID:Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the middle ear presenting as sarcoma botryoides. Favorable outcome in a 12-year-old boy. 708 31


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