Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Functioning ovarian carcinoid tumors are well known to cause carcinoid syndrome. Recently, strumal and trabecular ovarian carcinoid tumors are reported to cause severe constipation possibly because of tumor-producing peptide YY (PYY). We studied a case of primary ovarian strumal carcinoid who had had severe constipation until the tumor was removed by surgical operation. Immunohistochemically, many tumor cells were strongly positive for PYY. By Northern blot and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analyses, PYY mRNA was expressed in a complete form as detected in normal human colon mucosa. From these findings, an ovarian strumal carcinoid is strongly suggested to express complete PYY mRNA and therefore complete PYY protein that results in severe constipation.
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PMID:Ovarian strumal carcinoid with severe constipation: immunohistochemical and mRNA analyses of peptide YY. 1002 57

Gastric carcinoid tumors arise from enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells, these tumors represent 2-41% of all neuroendocrine tumors and 0.3% of malignant gastric neoplasias, being more common in men than in women, and commonly affecting people over 60 years old. These tumors arise from accelerated proliferation of the ECL cells as a consequence of the hypersecretion of gastrin, situation that can be present in atrophic gastritis and the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. We report the case of a 51 year old hispanic female who presented with a 3 month history of abdominal pain, meteorism and constipation; she was treated with ranitidine and metoclopramide without clinical improvement, thus she underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy which showed an atrophic gastritis and gastric polyps. Histopathologic examination revealed a neuroendocrine gastric tumor which was positive to serotonine and gastrin stainings. Hormonal screening showed normal serum levels of LH, FSH, estradiol, ACTH, progesterone, calcitonin and cortisol. The serum level of gastrin was elevated with 500 pg/mL. Gammagraphic scanning with octreotide was negative for metastasis.
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PMID:[Gastric neuroendocrine tumor]. 1006 36

A 61 year-old female presented with abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, mucus discharge, tenesmus and constipation. Rectal examination and proctoscopy demonstrated rectal stenosis at 5 cm from the anal verge. Transrectal ultrasonography detected a capsulated lesion as a mesenchymal rectal tumor. Computed tomography and endorectal magnetic resonance detected a mesenchymal lesion in the lower-middle rectal thirds. Serum TPA, GICA, SCC and CYFRA were pathological. At surgery the tumour was fixed to the levator ani muscle with rectal folding. Frozen sections of the levator ani muscle biopsies revealed cloacogenic tumour. Abdominoperineal resection was performed. The rectal lesion was cloacogenic carcinoma at 9 cm from the dentate line (pT4 pN0; Ki67 35%; CD31 181 vessels/mm2). Adjuvant radio-chemotherapy was performed. The patient is alive and disease free at 19 months. Extra-anal cloacogenic tumours are an unusual finding. Perhaps cloacal cells were originally present in the rectal wall, but secondary rectal involvement by cloacal remnant from the levator ani muscle cannot be excluded.
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PMID:An unusual location of cloacogenic carcinoma. 1009 58

Carcinoma of the colon-rectum during pregnancy is rare (0.1-0.001%). Prognosis is severe as it is generally made at an advanced stage. The Authors report a case of adenocarcinoma of the recto-sigmoid junction in a 26-year-old pregnant woman. In this patient diagnosis was occasionally made after delivery by cesarean section. Early diagnosis is difficult because symptoms of colorectal cancer (vomiting, constipation, anemia, rectal bleeding, abdominal pain and distension, etc.) can be related to pregnancy. Gestational age and operability of the tumor are discussed by current medical and surgical management.
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PMID:[Colorectal cancer in pregnancy. A case report]. 1023 Jan 17

Chronic pain associated with neoplastic disease can be difficult to treat. The development of a computerized ambulatory, patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump may provide the patient and clinician with an alternate approach in management of chronic cancer pain. The pump delivers a constant infusion of analgesic and allows for additional on-command doses for breakthrough pain. Patients with chronic cancer pain poorly controlled with conventional narcotic regimens were eligible for this trial. Four patients were included in this trial. Upon admission, each patient was started on a morphine infusion via a peripheral site and titrated to an effective dose. Once the optimal dose was achieved, the patients were converted to the ambulatory pump. The pump was programmed to deliver identical morphine infusions and any PCA doses. Infusion access was provided by a long-term central venous catheter or subcutaneous infusion set. Final maintenance infusions ranged from 0.8 to 60 mg morphine per hour. Three patients required PCA doses. Patients and family members were trained on catheter care and operation of the infusion pump. At home, patients reported acceptable pain relief while engaging in many activities of daily living. Complications included constipation, possible drug tolerance, and accidental catheter removal. Overall, patient acceptance of the pump was good with improved pain control, minimal adverse reactions, and ease of use at home.
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PMID:Management of chronic cancer pain using a computerized ambulatory patient-controlled analgesia pump. 1029 60

After a 3-year history of severe constipation, a 16-year-old girl required surgery to be relieved of impacted stools. Histologic examination showed ganglionitis in the myenteric plexus of the large bowel and ileum, whereas the submucosal plexus was spared. At this time, antineuronal nuclear antibodies (ANNA-1, anti-Hu) were found at high titer in the serum of the patient. One and a half years earlier, a paravertebral ganglioneuroblastoma had been removed. Histologic examination had shown undifferentiated neuroblasts and morphologically mature ganglion cells with both cell types embedded in an inflammatory infiltrate morphologically similar to the lymphoplasmocytic infiltration seen in the myenteric plexus. The patient's serum was found to bind to nuclei of mouse intestinal tract neurons, thus fulfilling defining criteria for ANNA-1. The serum also reacted with antigens of defined molecular weight in a Western blot, thus fulfilling defining criteria for anti-Hu. Expression of the Huantigen could be visualized in the nuclei of the patient's tumor cells by immunohistochemistry. These tests showed that an antitumor inflammatory response was the cause of the bowel disease. This is the first report of a tumor from the neuroblastoma group that caused paraneoplastic intestinal pseudoobstruction. Ganglionitis and subsequent aganglionosis are the hallmark of the morphologic diagnosis which cannot be obtained by suction biopsy in patients with intact submucosal plexus. Instead, serum testing for autoantibodies can reveal the etiology.
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PMID:Autoaggressive inflammation of the myenteric plexus resulting in intestinal pseudoobstruction. 1032 94

Lymphangioma of the colon is a rare disease. Its clinical silence and absence of specific symptoms and signs make it difficult to diagnose preoperatively. We present a case of cystic lymphangioma of the ascending colon associated with constipation in a 72-year-old man and review the pertinent literature. The patient underwent laparoscopic-assisted segmental resection of the colon. The characteristic histologic appearance of cystic lymphangioma provided the definitive diagnosis. The recovery course was uneventful. Two years postoperatively, the patient was symptom-free and without evidence of tumor recurrence.
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PMID:Diagnosis and treatment of cystic lymphangioma of the ascending colon by laparoscopic-assisted surgery: a case report. 1038 88

Constipation is a common concern in the elderly and accounts for significant expenditures on over-the-counter drugs. Although normal aging is not associated with abnormal bowel motility, pathologic and psychosocial conditions lead to increased symptoms in elderly patients. Careful clinical evaluation to eliminate serious conditions including colon neoplasia is important. Medical management with emphasis on fiber, bulk agents, fluid intake, and exercise, as well as appropriate use of laxatives is reviewed.
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PMID:Constipation in the elderly. 1039 38

A 71-year-old woman presented with a six month history of constipation and abdominal discomfort, with anal bleeding during the last days. Ultrasonography and CT-scan of the abdomen showed a large heterogeneous mass that was located in the splenic region, but the nature and origin of the tumour could not be clearly established preoperatively. The clinical diagnosis was of abdominal tumour with colonic and splenic involvement, and a left hemicolectomy and splenectomy were performed. Pathologic examination revealed a primary angiosarcoma of the spleen with penetration and fistulization of the tumour into the large bowel. The patient received adjuvant radiation therapy, but she died of extensive metastastic disease from her primary angiosarcoma of the spleen nine months after surgery. In summary, splenic angiosarcoma is very difficult to diagnose preoperatively. This highly aggressive neoplasm has an overall poor prognosis, specially if it is associated with rupture and haemoperitoneum. As this case highlights, unusual forms of rupture may lead to atypical clinical presentations, increasing even more the difficulty in the diagnosis.
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PMID:Ruptured primary splenic angiosarcoma into the colon. Presentation as anal bleeding. 1042 92

We first describe a case of generalized intraperitoneal seeding of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after microwave coagulation therapy (MCT). A 61 year-old man underwent operative MCT for an exophytic HCC, 60 mm in diameter, in segment IV of his cirrhotic liver. Despite successful tumor ablation, the serum alpha-fetoprotein levels continuously rose after MCT. Five months later, radiographic examinations delineated several perihepatic masses with hypervascularity, and the patient presented with constipation. At the second laparotomy, there were numerous small peritoneal metastases involving the entire peritoneal cavity and slightly bloody ascites. An omental mass, 50 mm in diameter, involved the transverse colon. Most of these intraabdominal masses were removed together with the involved colon. Histologically, the initial tumor was a moderately differentiated HCC, and the peritoneal masses were poorly differentiated HCCs. The patient died of rapid tumor progression and bleeding 2 months later. In conclusion, we should be aware of the possible occurrence of peritoneal seeding after MCT for HCC. Every effort should be made to prevent this serious complication, particularly in cases of superficial, large, and less differentiated HCCs.
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PMID:Generalized intraperitoneal seeding of hepatocellular carcinoma after microwave coagulation therapy: a case report. 1052 41


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