Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Noninvasive localized proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) was used for differential diagnosis of a focal brain lesion in a 2.5-year-old girl. The clinical signs were a mild head tilt and neck pain. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a lesion in the right hemisphere of the cerebellum, but its nature remained obscure. In this lesion quantitative determinations of cerebral metabolites by fully relaxed, short-echo-time proton MRS revealed markedly lowered N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and pronounced elevations of choline-containing compounds (Cho) and myo-inositol (Ins), whereas metabolite concentrations in cortical gray matter and white matter were within normal ranges. The metabolite pattern of the lesion indicated loss of vital neuroaxonal tissue (low NAA) and enhanced glial proliferation (high Cho and Ins), which, together with the MRI morphology, suggested a brain tumor. The diagnosis was established by neurosurgical exploration and total extirpation of the tumor. Histology confirmed an astrocytoma (WHO II). After 2 weeks' recovery the child was discharged with no neurological signs.
 ...
PMID:Localized proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of a cerebellar tumor in a two-year-old child. 893 24

We report a case of a radiation-induced spinal cord glioma. A 20-year-old girl presented with neck pain and new significant neurological deficits 17 years after resection of a posterior fossa medullomyoblastoma and subsequent craniospinal irradiation. She was found to have a cervical intramedullary tumor that was resected using a standard microsurgical technique. The permanent histopathological diagnosis was anaplastic astrocytoma. Her neurological status was worse immediately following the operation. She improved to her pre-operative status, but then had a relentless neurological decline resulting in death 16 weeks following surgery. Because of the high incidence of malignancy in the few radiation-induced spinal cord gliomas reported in the literature, and the poor outcome independent of therapy in patients with malignant spinal cord gliomas, an initial strategy of biopsy only may be more appropriate than attempted resection for the patient with a suspected radiation-induced intramedullary spinal cord tumor.
 ...
PMID:Radiation-induced glioma of the spinal cord. 929 48

Radiologic images obtained in nine patients with known primary cancer and occipital or head and neck pain were retrospectively reviewed after having been initially interpreted as normal. Imaging studies included head computed tomography (CT) in five cases, brain magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in six cases, cervical spine CT and MR imaging in five cases, radiography in two cases, and scintigraphy in two cases. This reevaluation demonstrated lesions of the occipital condyles in all patients. Seven patients had unilateral occipital condyle masses, and two patients had bilateral condyle lesions. Lesions were found to either involve only the occipital condyle (n = 4), extend to the adjacent occipital bone (n = 3), or extend to the ipsilateral clivus (n = 2). Misinterpretation of radiologic examinations resulted in an average delay in diagnosis of 10 weeks from the onset of symptoms to definitive therapy (irradiation). It is important to evaluate the occipital condyles in all patients with occipital pain, especially those with cancer. Neoplastic disease involving the occipital condyles is not common; however, it is frequently missed at imaging. Careful review of unenhanced sagittal and axial T1-weighted MR images and of the inferior sections from axial head CT studies will make it possible to avoid this potential pitfall.
 ...
PMID:Overlooked metastatic lesions of the occipital condyle: a missed case treasure trove. 930 5

A 34-year-old man was admitted because of headache with neck pain, hypertension and tachycardia. The symptoms started 10 days prior to presentation. In the past the patient was treated because of different vegetative symptoms, which were interpreted in relation to excessive private problems. Despite suggestive clinical presentation, the diagnosis phaeochromocytoma was confirmed late. Following removal of the tumor, blood pressure came into the normal range. The operation also abolished all vegetative symptoms and lead to stabilisation of the psychosocial situation.
 ...
PMID:[Hypertensive derailment in marital crisis]. 961 13

A 16-year-old girl had progressive neck pain and weakness in the left hand. MR images showed a dumbbell-shaped spinal tumor with a prominently enhancing intradural component and a minimally enhancing extradural component. Pathologic examination revealed a meningioma with an intradural transitional component and an extradural syncytial component. The tumor showed no significant cystic change or necrosis.
 ...
PMID:Cervical spinal meningioma with unusual MR contrast enhancement. 967 8

A 68-year-old male had neck pain and weakness of the left upper extremity after a fall. MRI showed severe cervical canal stenosis and a high signal intensity of the spinal cord on T2-weighted images extending from the medulla oblongata to the C7 level. Neurological examination showed left hemiparesis, bilateral sensory disturbance and a neurogenic bladder. He underwent expansive laminoplasty 5 weeks later. After the operation his neurological deficit improved and 6 weeks later he left the hospital. However, his neurological conditions became worse (quadriparesis) and he was admitted as an emergency 3 weeks later. Although MRI showed decompression of the spinal cord, the area of high signal intensity on T2-weighted images had extended. Quadriparesis was progressive and he died of dyspnea. Autopsy showed the presence of the intramedullary spinal cord tumor (anaplastic astrocytoma; C1-Th4). We could not detect the intramedullary spinal cord tumour on MRI before surgery because of severe canal stenosis and the history of trauma. The high spinal intensity on T2-weighted images was thought to be oedema or myelomalacia. This case illustrates the difficulty of correctly interpreting MRI in patients with severe canal stenosis.
 ...
PMID:Quadriplegia caused by cervical hyperextension injury and intramedullary spinal cord tumour: a case report of autopsy. 981 83

Diseases and conditions which cause instability of the craniocervical junction and the adjacent upper cervical spine are relatively common and potentially life-threatening. Direct internal occipitocervical fusion (OCF) is a modern means of surgical treatment in such cases, and has some advantages over simple immobilization of the affected segments. The present study was designed to evaluate surgical handling, results, and complications with a recently developed instrumentation for OCF, the Cotrel-Dubousset rod-and-hook system (CD). Fourteen consecutive patients with occipito-cervical instability due to fractures, degenerative or neoplastic disease or malformations underwent OCF with the CD system. Autologous or allogeneic bone and bone substitutes such as hydroxyapatite were used to augment the CD fusion. Patients were followed clinically and neuroradiologically for 1 to 4 years (mean 20 months). Assessments were routinely performed at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 1/2 year, and every year after surgery. There was no immediate surgery-related morbidity or mortality, and no major late complications due to hardware failure. A stable bony fusion according to radiological criteria was achieved in all cases. No implant breaks or loosening and dislocation of the hooks or the screws were encountered. In no case did neurological deterioration occur after surgery. Short-term evaluation at 1 week after surgery showed no difference with respect to neurological symptoms as compared with the pre-operative findings, except for a patient reporting improvement of paraesthesia on the first postoperative day. The long-term effects were, however, beneficial to most patients, as the fusion alleviated neck pain in 13 cases and improved neurological deficits in 3 of the 4 cases with pre-operative motor weakness or paraesthesia. In conclusion, internal OCF with the CD system, an implant which is easy to handle and safe for the patient, is a technique with a high rate of successful bony fusion. Since no halo placement is needed after surgery, patients have considerable gain of quality of life as compared to other standard surgical techniques.
 ...
PMID:Occipito-cervical fusion with the cervical Cotrel-Dubousset rod system. 984 35

Cervical spine tumors, whether primary bone tumors or metastatic tumors, are rare. The possibility of tumors existing must be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with persistent neck pain, with or without neurologic symptoms, particularly in those with significant pain at night. The clinical presentation is extremely variable, though a history of malignancy should always raise the concern for recurrence. The evaluation and diagnostic assessment includes a thorough physical examination. Radiographic imaging is usually initiated with plain radiographs and additional advanced imaging obtained as indicated. Using appropriate biopsy principles and techniques, tissue is obtained for histologic determination of the suspected lesion before surgical intervention. Treatment options are extremely variable and depend on many factors, including tumor type, location, and patient preference. Treatment warrants a multidisciplinary approach from experienced physicians and is most successfully accomplished in referral centers. Oncologic staging using the Enneking staging system, followed by surgical staging using the Weinstein, Boriani, Biagini system, will aid in the accurate characterization of the tumor load, maximize surgical goals, assure use of appropriate terminology, and provide optimal communication among treatment centers regarding tumor characteristics, treatment efforts, and results.
 ...
PMID:Primary bone and metastatic tumors of the cervical spine. 987 2

The clinicopathologic features of five cases of a fibrocartilaginous mass developing in the nuchal ligament, the nuchal fibrocartilaginous pseudotumor, are described. Only six examples of this lesion were previously reported in the English-language medical literature. The lesions clinically manifested in five adults (3 women, 2 men) ranging in age from 22 to 46 years (mean, 37 yr). The process presented as a nodular mass that was asymptomatic in three patients and accompanied by vague neck pain or stiffness in the remaining two. Three patients related a history of head and neck trauma that preceded the discovery of the tumor. All of the tumors were situated in the deep soft tissue overlying the posterior aspect of the lower cervical vertebrae. The five patients were managed by complete local excision. The tumors measured 1.3 to 3.0 cm. in greatest dimension (mean, 2.5 cm.). Microscopically, the lesion consisted of a poorly delineated, nodular proliferation of moderately cellular fibrocartilaginous tissue arising within the substance of the nuchal ligament and extending into the surrounding soft tissues. No cytologic atypia or mitotic activity was identified. Follow-up data from four of the cases in this study (range, 10-324 mo) and four previously reported examples with follow-up (range, 3-12 mo) show no evidence of recurrent or persistent disease after simple excision. The nuchal fibrocartilaginous pseudotumor is a benign lesion caused by fibrocartilaginous metaplasia of the lower portion of the nuchal ligament, probably as a result of localized trauma or chronic mechanical stress.
 ...
PMID:Nuchal fibrocartilaginous pseudotumor: a clinicopathologic study of five cases and review of the literature. 1043 Feb 69

In a typical case of pituitary apoplexy, a patient, who may or may not be known to harbor a pituitary adenoma, suddenly develops a severe headache. The headache may be retro-orbital, frontal, frontotemporal, or diffuse and may be associated with neck stiffness, neck pain, or both. Ophthalmoplegia may develop within a few hours after the onset of headache. Here we report a rare case of one middle-aged female with pituitary apoplexy initially presenting with acute onset of pupil-involved third cranial nerve palsy, headache and peri-ocular pain. Emergent neuroimaging revealed pituitary apoplexy and immediate intravenous corticosteroid was given and third nerve paresis was improved thereafter. Definite tumor removal was done smoothly after steroid treatment and complete recovery of ophthalmoplegia was noted 2 weeks after operation.
 ...
PMID:Acute painful oculomotor nerve paresis caused by pituitary apoplexy--a case report. 1046 26


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>