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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Neurogenic tumors of the posterior mediastinum commonly constitute an extraspinal portion of a dumb-bell tumor affecting the spinal canal. In a 42-year-old man with a history of back pain for more than 6 months and severe lower-limb paralysis and impaired urinary voiding for 20 days, chest radiography showed a posterior mediastinal mass and thoracic myelogram a total extradural defect at the level of T10. A computed tomography scan showed extension of this intrathoracic mass into the intraspinal space through the spinal foramen. In a single-stage operation, posterolateral thoracotomy and laminectomy were performed. This surgical approach avoids complications, notably from traction on the spinal cord.
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PMID:Dumb-bell intrathoracic and intraspinal neurofibroma. Report of a case. 373 49

The first known case of a "brown tumor" associated with secondary hyperparathyroidism causing paraplegia is described. A 69-year-old white woman with chronic renal failure due to hypertension was admitted for back pain, and while she was under observation, paraplegia developed. A complete block was demonstrated by myelography. Computed tomography confirmed a mass at the level of obstruction, and results of biopsy were consistent with "brown tumor." Neurologic symptoms were markedly improved with high-dose corticosteroids and a debulking procedure. This entity is important to recognize because prompt treatment of the hyperparathyroidism or decompression of the tumor mass by surgical means or corticosteroid administration can provide marked improvement in symptoms.
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PMID:Brown tumor in secondary hyperparathyroidism causing acute paraplegia. 375 52

A 75-year-old woman presented with rapidly progressive intestinal and general symptoms including diarrhea, melena, weight loss, back pain, and lassitude. Endoscopy revealed multiple intestinal polyps which, microscopically, consisted of metastatic tumor deposits composed predominantly of spindle-shaped tumor cells. The primary tumor, a mixed spindle-cell and clear-cell carcinoma, was later identified in the kidney at autopsy. The patient had a cholecystectomy 13 years previously.
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PMID:Metastatic spindle-cell renal carcinoma presenting as multiple intestinal polyps. 376 93

A case of a cavernous angioma of the cauda equina is presented. The patient was a 28-year-old man who experienced sudden low-back pain and headache without neurological symptoms. Lumbar puncture revealed subarachnoid hemorrhage. He had suffered a similar episode 3 years previously. Selective spinal angiography did not demonstrate any abnormal vascularity. Metrizamide myelography and magnetic resonance imaging were useful in demonstrating the presence of a tumor. Laminectomy at L1-3 and total removal of the tumor were performed without neurological deficit.
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PMID:Cavernous angioma of the cauda equina producing subarachnoid hemorrhage. Case report. 378 46

A 41-year-old man was admitted to the hospital complaining of back pain and progressive jaundice. Ultrasonography, CT and hypotonic duodenography revealed a large and well-defined tumor in the head of pancreas. The tumor was hypervascular on angiography. Total pancreatectomy was performed, and the examination of the resected specimen disclosed that the tumor was 50 X 45 mm in size and extrapancreatic tumor-forming type. Histopathologically, the tumor comprized mostly bizzare mono- and multinucleated giant cells with sarcomatous growth pattern. The patient died 6 months after operation due to liver metastasis and peritoneal dissemination. The pathological feature of the pleomophic carcinoma of the pancreas is well-known, but the clinical feature is vague because the resected cases are rare. The pathological finding of the specimen of this case is typical and it is considered that the clinical findings of this case, such as well-defined and hypervascular tumor, are characteristic of the pleomorphic carcinoma of the pancreas.
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PMID:[A resected case of pleomorphic carcinoma of pancreatic head]. 396 21

Neurilemomas of the cauda equina can present with a clinical syndrome indistinguishable from an acute prolapsed lumbar intervertebral disk. There is backache and sciatica, occasionally after trauma, and straight leg raising is usually limited with signs of L-5 or S-1 root compression. The only distinguishing clinical characteristic is that the pain is worse on recumbency and relieved by sitting or walking. There may be no plain x-ray changes for many years and the tumor is usually at the level of L-2 or L-3 vertebral body. Seven such cases are described in this report.
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PMID:Neurilemomas of the cauda equina presenting as prolapsed lumbar intervertebral disks. 396 15

A retrospective analysis was performed to evaluate the clinical symptoms and abnormal test findings in small pancreatic carcinoma. Five hundred and thirty-six cases of pancreatic carcinoma with the histology of duct cell carcinoma were collected from 14 medical centers in Japan. In 440 of the cases, tumor size was measured at the time of laparotomy or from the resected specimen. Three hundred and seventy-seven patients (86%) had a carcinoma larger than 3.0 cm; only 30% of these were resectable. Sixty-three patients (14%) had a carcinoma of 3.0 cm or less, with resectability of 97%. Detecting a tumor of "3 cm or less" with a high probability of resectability is the objective of early diagnosis with the resulting possibility of a cure. In most cases these small carcinomas were found easily when obstructive jaundice was present (73%). However, the estimated occurrence of obstructive jaundice associated with carcinomas of 3 cm or less was only 10% among the total cases of pancreatic carcinoma studied. Therefore, it is necessary for early diagnosis to detect carcinomas of 3 cm or less presenting without jaundice. The symptoms of small carcinoma without jaundice are weight loss, anorexia, upper abdominal pain, back pain and a palpable abdominal mass. Among the various available examinations, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, computerized tomography and ultrasonography were valuable in diagnosing these small carcinomas.
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PMID:Diagnosis of small pancreatic carcinoma. 398 9

Metastatic bone disease in 322 patients was analyzed to assess the frequency and behavior of disseminated carcinoma to the vertebral column. Breast, lung, and prostate neoplasms were the most frequent tumors of origin in the 55% of patients who had vertebral lesions. The lumbar spine was the site of the greatest number of metastases. Back pain did not occur in 36% of the 179 patients with spinal disease. Cord compression occurred in 20% of the patients with vertebral involvement, and prostate tumors were the most frequent neoplasm to cause epidural spinal cord impingement. Hypernephroma was the most common cancer to present as a neurologic deficit secondary to an undetected primary malignancy.
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PMID:A profile of metastatic carcinoma of the spine. 398

Three hundred ninety-three patients who were entered into pancreatic carcinoma treatment protocols of the Gastrointestinal Tumor Study Group (GITSG) were analyzed as to significant differences in clinical presentation and factors influencing survival. Patients were grouped according to the stage of the disease. Group I (21 cases) included those patients who had a potentially curative resection. Group II (182 cases) patients had a locally unresectable tumor less then 400 cm2 (surgically proven) and no distant metastases, and Group III (190 cases) had advanced disease. Group I patients had the smallest lesions (median area, 9 cm2), located in head of the gland in 90% and painless jaundice was the most frequent clinical presentation (52%). In Group II, 83% were located in the head of the gland but the median area was much larger (36 cm2). Pain was present in 80% of cases, and jaundice in 62% with 48% having jaundice and pain. In Group III patients, lesions of body and tail were over four-fold as frequent as in Group I and almost three-fold greater than in Group II. The median area of the lesion was large (30 cm2). Pain was present in 85% and jaundice in only 31%. Median survival in Group I patients was longer than Group III (73 versus 10 weeks; P less than 0.001). Ambulatory status, sex, race, abdominal pain, and histologic type influenced survival in one or more groups whereas age, jaundice, location of the tumor, degree of cellular differentiation, back pain, and nutritional status did not influence survival in any group. In all groups, those with a good performance status (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group [ECOG] 0 and 1) survived longer than those with poor status (ECOG 2 and 3; P less than 0.05). The best potential prognosis is in those who are fully productive and present with painless jaundice, and who have resection of the tumor.
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PMID:Pancreatic cancer. Assessment of prognosis by clinical presentation. 400 4

The study involved 77 myxopapillary ependymomas of the spinal cord encountered during a 60-year period (1924-1983). This variant of ependymoma was, with few exceptions, limited to the lumbosacral region, particularly the filum terminale. The male:female ratio was 1.7:1, and the mean age at diagnosis was 36.4 years (range, 6-82); at presentation, 15 (19%) of the patients were in the first two decades of life. The duration of symptoms ranged from 1 month to 30 years; the most frequent complaint was low-back pain, and eight patients had undergone prior "disc surgery." Generally, myelographic block was disclosed. Preoperative cerebrospinal fluid protein levels averaged 2462 mg/dl. Myxopapillary ependymomas are slow-growing tumors that show no significant tendency to histologic dedifferentiation. Despite some variation in cytologic features and the presence of atypia and modest mitotic activity in most cases, the gross characteristics of the tumors appear to be of greater prognostic significance than the histologic features. Tumors that were encapsulated (25%) and amenable to intact, total surgical removal had a recurrence rate of 10%, whereas those that were removed either piecemeal (34%) or subtotally (41%) had recurrence rates of 19%. Overall survival, however, was more closely related to residual disease; total removal of tumor, whether intact (encapsulated) or piecemeal, resulted in longer survival (19 years) than did subtotal resection (14 years). Patients who died (6.5%) did so after a prolonged course marked by multiple recurrences. Radiotherapy may be of particular benefit to patients whose tumors are not amenable to intact total removal.
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PMID:Myxopapillary ependymoma. A clinicopathologic and immunocytochemical study of 77 cases. 401 81


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