Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The uptake and in vivo quantitation of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) has been measured non-invasively using positron emission tomography (PET) and 124iodine in 9 patients with breast ductal carcinoma. Blood-flow measurements were also made using 15oxygen-labelled water and PET to evaluate antibody delivery; 7 patients were studied with HMFGI antibody and 2 patients with a non-specific antibody. Tumour uptake ranged from 2-7.7 x 10(-3)% of injected dose per gram of tissue. Values for normal tissues including liver, lung and bone were also obtained. In 2 out of 7 patients studied with the specific antibody, uptake was greater than that seen with the non-specific antibody. There was no correlation between antibody uptake and blood flow. This report exemplifies the potential of PET for the non-invasive and accurate quantitative assessment of targeted antibody which is a prerequisite to therapy.
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PMID:Quantitative measurement of monoclonal antibody distribution and blood flow using positron emission tomography and 124iodine in patients with breast cancer. 184 21

This report summarizes the clinicopathologic findings in 11 cases of low papillary carcinoma of the breast accompanied by the morphologic feature of mucus leakage into the mammary stroma. These cases were characterized by two morphologic findings. First, abundant mucus produced by the tumor cells filled the intraductal spaces where neoplastic epithelium formed very low papillary projections, ie, a feature of mucinous-producing low papillary carcinoma in situ. Second, there was expansive leakage of mucus into the mammary stroma occasionally accompanied by a few epithelial cells. All the cases showed a high level of mucus production and contained no elements of invasive ductal carcinoma or ordinary invasive mucinous carcinoma. These cases have no evidence of direct invasion of the mammary stroma by malignant cells. The average age of the 11 patients was 41 years. Foci of microcalcification were seen in some tumors (seven cases; 64%). There were no cases with lymph node metastases. All the patients underwent mastectomy with no adjuvant therapy, and they are currently alive and well.
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PMID:The morphologic feature of mucus leakage appearing in low papillary carcinoma of the breast. 184 26

One hundred and ninety patients with mammary ductal carcinoma were studied to evaluate the correlation of proportions of intraductal and invasive tumor growth to histologic and immunohistochemical features. Initially, attempts were made to divide the cases into 6 groups according to the proportion of extraductal invasive areas within the whole tumor. It has been found that ductal carcinoma could be divided, on this criterion, into 2 groups. One comprised tumors in which invasive areas made up less than 20% of the tumor, the other included those with invasive areas exceeding 20%. In the former, intraductal and invasive components exhibited a lower grade of nuclear and tumor component and a higher incidence of cells with CEA immune positivity. The latter manifested higher grades in both intraductal and invasive components and a lower incidence of CEA positive cells. Many of the latter tumors had a solid or comedo-like growing pattern of the intraductal component. There was a significant difference in the prognosis between the two categories. We conclude that like intraductal carcinomas, invasive ductal carcinomas with a predominant intraductal component should be considered a lower grade malignancy.
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PMID:Ductal carcinoma of the breast. An analysis of proportions of intraductal and invasive components. 185 Dec 98

Amplification of the HER-2/neu proto-oncogene in breast cancer has been reported to correlate with poor patient prognosis. The proliferation, or growth fraction, of cells has also been shown to be of prognostic importance in breast cancer. A study was conducted to evaluate the correlation between HER-2/neu gene expression and proliferation in breast cancer. Quantitative immunohistochemical methods for the detection of the HER-2/neu protein expression and for assessing the proliferation fraction on frozen sections of tumor cells were used. The detection of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) along with quantitative DNA ploidy analysis, also was performed on the same breast cancers. The results indicated two subgroups of invasive ductal carcinoma; 1) HER-2/neu overexpressing cases that were negative for EGFR expression and had low proliferation fraction, and a tetraploid DNA pattern (22 cases), and 2) other combinations of HER-2/neu expression and EGFR expression, with a high proliferation fraction and an aneuploid DNA pattern (38 cases). Eight cases of carcinoma in situ were positive for HER-2/neu overexpression and negative for EGFR expression, and had a high proliferation fraction and a tetraploid DNA pattern. Twenty-six cases of low-grade carcinoma exhibited low proliferation and a diploid DNA pattern.
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PMID:HER-2/neu oncogene expression and proliferation in breast cancers. 197 97

Endometrioid carcinoma of the prostate is considered a variant of classical prostatic ductal carcinoma. Endometrioid carcinoma variant often has the unique clinical presentation of gross hematuria. The propensity of this tumor to spread within the urothelium makes local failure of curative therapy commonplace. We present 2 representative cases with a review of followup surveillance procedures and treatment options for the local recurrence once identified.
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PMID:Locally recurrent endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the prostate after radical prostatectomy. 198 36

One hundred and nine cases of breast cancer were examined by immunoperoxidase staining of frozen section for their HLA expression. Sixty one cases (56%) were negative or very weak for HLA class I expression, while normal mammary ductal epithelia showed intense positivity in both class I and class II antigens. The extent of expression correlated well with the histopathological subtyping of invasive ductal carcinoma in Japan, which reflects the prognosis quite well. Degree of lymphoid cell infiltration was also proportional to HLA expression by tumor cells. It may be that lack of HLA antigen expression leads to failure of induction of cytotoxic T cells, thus modulating the immunological response and influencing prognosis.
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical study on HLA expression of human breast cancer]. 216 59

Apocrine carcinoma (AC) is an uncommon, poorly characterized type of breast tumor. In this review, 55 patients with intraductal (ID) AC and 17 patients with infiltrating (IF) AC were analyzed retrospectively to define the histologic features and clinical course of this neoplasm. Recurrences in the breast occurred in 3 of 20 ID-AC patients treated by biopsy alone, but not in the 2 patients who received local radiation therapy after biopsy. One patient with ID-AC had axillary metastases at the time of treatment by mastectomy and died of disease five years later. The remaining patients with ID-AC treated by mastectomy have remained disease free. One of the three patients with IF-AC treated by biopsy alone died of disease, and one of two patients with IF-AC treated by biopsy and radiotherapy was alive with carcinoma. Twelve patients with IF-AC were treated by mastectomy. Ten of them were recurrence free at the time of last observation. More than one-third of the cases of ID-AC and IF-AC were detected by mammography alone. Survival analysis of IF-AC cases compared with nonapocrine duct carcinoma cases matched for stage revealed no statistical difference in estimated recurrence-free survival or estimated survival probability. AC is a distinct morphologic entity with a natural history similar to that of nonapocrine ductal carcinoma.
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PMID:Apocrine mammary carcinoma. A clinicopathologic study of 72 cases. 217 20

Biopsies obtained from 45 cases of invasive ductal carcinoma and 41 cases of cystic mastopathy were immunohistochemically investigated, with electron microscopy being used on some of them, for the purpose of clearing up presence, distribution, and ultrastructural peculiarities of the myoepithelial cells. Focal or diffuse myoepithelial proliferations were observed in all cases of cystic mastopathy, with peripheral layers of myoepithelium at the basal membrane being widely preserved. Myoepithelial cells had lost their normal position and cellular orientation in the regions with intraductal carcinoma. Actin-positive, high-microfilament myoepithelial cells were frequent findings recorded from parenchyma in cases of invasive ductal carcinoma without specific differentiation, though cells of that kind were rarely detectable from parenchyma in cases of medullary carcinoma. Particular attention should be given to the presence of tumor cells differing from each other for their morphological and functional differentiation in cases of carcinoma of the mammary gland.
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical and electron microscopical study of the myoepithelium in mastopathy and carcinoma of the mammary gland]. 217 97

We reviewed the experience with breast cancer at Wilford Hall USAF Medical Center for the years 1978 through 1988. A total of 868 cases were identified in the Wilford Hall Tumor Registry; overall 5-year and 10-year survivals were 63% and 39%, respectively. Infiltrating ductal carcinoma represented the principal histologic category. The other predominant variants included invasive lobular carcinoma, lobular carcinoma in situ, and ductal carcinoma in situ. Until recently, most of these patients (90%) had modified radical mastectomy as their definitive surgical therapy, with chemotherapy reserved primarily for patients with advanced disease.
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PMID:Breast cancer: the military's experience at Wilford Hall USAF Medical Center. 217 76

To encounter an apocrine carcinoma of the breast is very rare. We have experienced, however, 10 cases of an apocrine carcinoma (0.65%) among 1541 primary breast carcinoma cases. The mean age of the patients was 58.1 years, and the tumor size on palpation ranged from 1.1 to 6.0 cm (mean 3.5 cm). A lymph node metastasis was seen in 5 cases. While one patient determined as being in stage III b of the disease died of the cancer approximately 5 months after surgery, all of other patients are still alive. The prognosis of this type of disease appears to be better than that of a common invasive ductal carcinoma. Thirty-four cases of an apocrine carcinoma have been found in the Japanese literature, this number including our 10 cases. Discussed are the clinicopathological features and the histogenesis of this type of cancer.
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PMID:[Ten cases of an apocrine carcinoma of the breast and a review of cases in the Japanese literature]. 219 18


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