Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case history of a 16-year-old boy with hepatocellular carcinoma and an intermediate deficiency of alpha1-antitrypsin (MZ phenotype) is presented. Previous reports have suggested that hepatocellular carcinoma may be associated with the Z variant of antitrypsin and either a severe or intermediate antitrypsin deficiency. The present case is unusual because of the rather high level of the serum trypsin inhibitory capacity for an MZ heterozygote (1.633 units), which may be due to involvement of the liver by the tumor or to a recent partial hepatectomy. PAS-positive antitrypsin globules were seen in the primary tumor and in nodules metastatic to the mesentery, as well as in nonneoplastic portions of the liver. Hepatocellular carcinoma is another disease state that may occur preferentially in individuals with either severe or intermediate deficiencies of alpha1-antitrypsin.
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PMID:Hepatocellular carcinoma and intermediate alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency (MZ phenotype). 16 86

Hepatocellular carcinoma is a major malignant disease in parts of Africa and Asia, including Korea. Surgical resection, which represents the best hope for cure, is limited by the extent of the disease and the high incidence of concurrent liver cirrhosis in Korea. We designed a phase II trial of combined external radiotherapy and hyperthermia for hepatocellular carcinoma that was unresectable due to either locally advanced lesions or associated liver cirrhosis so as to evaluate the efficacy and the safety of this combination regimen. This trial was performed at Yonsei Cancer Center between April 1988 and July 1988. External radiotherapy was delivered to a total dose of 3060 cGy/3.5 weeks. Hyperthermia was applied twice a week for a total of six treatment sessions using an 8-MHz radio-frequency capacitive-type heating device, i.e., Thermotron RF-8 and Cancermia. In all cases, hyperthermia was carried out within 30 min of the radiotherapy for a period of 30-60 min. The temperature in the tumor was measured by inserting a thermocouple into the tumor mass under ultrasonographic guidance in patients who did not have a bleeding tendency. The tumor response was assessed by CT scan after completion of the designed treatment. No complete response was obtained. However, a symptomatic improvement in abdominal pain was observed in 78.6% of cases and a partial response was achieved in 40% of the patients. The most important factor affecting the tumor response was the type of tumor (single massive, 71.4%; diffuse infiltrative, 20%; multinodular, 0; P < 0.005). The 1-year survival values determined for all patients and for the partial responders were 34% and 50%, respectively. The overall median duration of survival was 6.5 months. The median duration of survival for the partial responders was longer than that for the nonresponders (11 vs 5 months; P < 0.05). A mild degree of heat sensation, fever, first-degree burns of the skin, and nausea were observed as treatment-related adverse reactions. In conclusion, although this study is being continued, the results obtained thus for indicate that combined radiotherapy and hyperthermia seem to be effective in providing local tumor control and pain palliation in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma while producing an acceptable level of toxicity.
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PMID:Phase II trial for combined external radiotherapy and hyperthermia for unresectable hepatoma. 128 Oct 42

Hepatocellular carcinoma is endemic in Africa, where in the incidence of the disease in males ranges from 20-100,000 per annum. The tumor tends to occur at a younger age compared to the age of presentation in Europeans or Chinese. The majority of African patients with HCC are HBsAg positive, but HBsAg is more commonly detected in younger vs older patients. Approximately 30% of patients are anti-HCV positive. Both these chronic virus infections may induce disease via the development of cirrhosis. Other environmental factors including carcinogens such as aflatoxin may act as co-factors. Resection rates for hepatocellular carcinoma are low in this population group, and screening for small tumours is not generally undertaken in Africa.
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PMID:Hepatocellular carcinoma in Africans. 131 16

Hepatocellular carcinoma is known for its tendency to grow in the venous system. We describe a patient suffering from hepatocellular carcinoma with right atrial metastatic tumor. Echocardiography demonstrated a right atrial mass as a result of invasion of the inferior vena cava and next extension into right atrium. The autopsy showed an irregular polypoid mass that occupied the entire right and left atrium, hepatocarcinoma was confirmed by histologic studies. We advocate performing echocardiographic examination in patients with hepatocarcinoma who have cardiac symptoms and signs.
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PMID:Echocardiographic follow-up of right atrial tumoral invasion by hepatocarcinoma: a case report. 131 63

Hepatocellular carcinoma, sometimes shows multiple tumor nodules, therefore poses a problem of differential diagnosis between cancers of multifocal and those of metastatic origin. Conventionally, pathological criteria have been used for this purpose, but these are largely subjective. In order to facilitate more objective differential diagnosis of multiple hepatocellular carcinoma, we used the pattern of mutation of the p53 gene as a marker for each tumor nodule. We studied 58 nodules from 26 cases of multiple hepatocellular carcinoma using polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism analysis, a simple method for detecting mutations. p53 gene mutations were detected in 65% (17 of 26) of cases. The internodule mutation patterns were heterogeneous in 11 cases and homogeneous in 6, enabling a multifocal origin to be diagnosed in the former and a metastatic origin in the latter at the genetic level. Moreover, the origin of recurrent tumors was determined from the mutation pattern. It is concluded that analysis of p53 mutations seems to be useful for differentiating the origin of multiple cancers, since the information it yields is essentially objective.
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PMID:Mutation pattern of the p53 gene as a diagnostic marker for multiple hepatocellular carcinoma. 131 27

Liver cancer is a common neoplasm of man that is especially frequent in parts of the world where hepatitis B virus is endemic and high aflatoxin ingestion is experienced. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a very aggressive behavior, is quite resistant to radiotherapy and chemotherapy and is often inoperable, all of which lead to a five-year patient survival of less than 5 percent. Studies in lower animals (e.g. fish, rats) lend themselves to preplanned manipulations aimed at answering specific questions which are intended to elucidate the biology of HCC. Information derived from these studies can be applied to the human condition with the hope of earlier diagnosis, improved treatment and possibly prevention. This review touches on selected areas of similarity and dissimilarity in the histology, histochemistry, metastasis, etiology and molecular biology of HCC in fish, rats and man.
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PMID:Hepatocellular neoplasia in fish, rats and man: a selected comparative review. 132 43

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent malignant tumor of the liver and is associated with cirrhosis in 90% of cases. It is often a multicentric tumor with vascular involvement but surgical resection, when it is possible, remains the best treatment of HCC. Major resection is feasible in patients without liver insufficiency; patients with mild liver insufficiency can be treated by local resection. In selected cases, liver transplantation is indicated in order to prevent the high risk of recurrence of HCC which is observed after resection.
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PMID:[Surgical treatment of primary cancers of the liver]. 133 33

The liver is morphologically and functionally modulated by sex hormones. Long-term use of oral contraceptives and androgenic steroids can induce benign and malignant hepatocellular tumors. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is more prevalent in men than in women. The role of sex hormones and their receptors in the development of HCC was reviewed. Some HCCs may be androgen dependent but others may be estrogen or even both dependent. Further studies are mandatory in order to utilize such characteristics of HCC for an effective prophylaxis and therapy of this tumor.
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PMID:Hepatocellular carcinoma and sex hormones. 133 94

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) may uncommonly present with distant metastasis in the absence of a documented neoplasm in the liver. The authors herein describe the case of a 60-year-old man with cirrhosis who developed unilateral enlargement of the breast and a subareolar mass. This problem was clinically thought to represent gynecomastia, but a mammary fine-needle aspiration biopsy demonstrated a malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of large granular amphophilic cells. Bile pigment was visualized in the tumor on aspirate smears and cell block preparations; immunostains showed reactivity for cytokeratin and alpha-fetoprotein, but there was no positivity for epithelial membrane antigen, gross cystic disease fluid protein-15, vimentin, estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, or S100 protein. These results indicated a diagnosis of metastatic HCC, which was subsequently confirmed by computed tomography of the abdomen.
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PMID:Metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma of the breast, simulating gynecomastia: diagnosis by fine-needle aspiration biopsy. 133 27

This paper reports the application of Cox regression model in prognostic factors analysis of Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma (PHC), based on the data obtained from 1618 registered of cases PHC and 432 hospitalized patients of PHC in ZhongShan City from 1980 to 1989. The result shows that there is an association between PHC and the following factors: extrahepato metastasis, therapeutic method, clinical stage, alpha-fetoprotein, gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase, the number of tumors in the liver, the size of the tumor, icteric index and history of cirrhosis. Among these factors, clinical stage III, large liver cancer are unfavorable factors for PHC prognosis, while hepatectomy, hepatic artery catheterization chemotherapy, are favorable prognostic factors.
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PMID:[The analysis of prognostic factors of primary hepatocellular carcinoma with Cox model]. 133 14


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