Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The morphological changes produced in the thymus of Jensen tumor-bearing rats after specific immune stimulation (glycoprotein 8 obtained from Jensen tumor, bovine serumalbumin (BSA), tuberculoprotein, gylcoprotein 5 from normal rat blood) and after non-specific one (thiamine diphosphate (TDP)) were studied. The changes produced by associating the antigenic action and TDP were reviewed, too. Morphological investigations were preformed 24 hours and 7 days after beginning of treatments. Twenty-four hours and 7 days after specific (tuberculoprotein and BSA) or non-specific (TDP) stimulation, similar morphologic changes were observed in the thymus: vasodilatation, thymocyte agglomeration in perivascular sheaths and their intravascular migration. When TDP was associated with gylcoprotein 8 or tuberculin - PPD more pronounced morphological modifications were observed 24 hours after treatment, while associating it with glycoprotein 5 or BSA obvious changes have been produced after 7 days. Gylcoprotein 5 and 8 did not induced any modifications in the thymus structure.
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PMID:Morphological study of the thymus of Jensen tumor-bearing rats after tumoral, non-tumoral antigens and thiamine diphosphate administration. 13 59

By light microscopy the subdermal nodule of a patient with fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) had a fibromatoid histologic appearance. The cytoplasm of the cells stained strongly for mannose-rich glycoprotein with the concanavalin A-horseradish peroxidase (con A-HRP) method. The tumors also exhibited abundant hyaluronidase-digestible mucopolysaccharide in the interstitium with various basic staining reagents. This material appeared to consist principally of hyaluronic acid or chondroitin sulfate with few or mainly masked sulfate esters. At the ultrastructural level, cells interpreted as the tumor cells in the subdermal nodule from the patient displayed extremely hyperplastic granular reticulum and well-developed Golgi elements and appeared very active in synthesis and secretion of protein. The material in the dilated cisternae of the granular reticulum stained for glycoprotein with the con-A-HRP method. Macrophages which comprised the other main cell type in the nodules commonly contacted the tumor cells and occasionally evidenced engulfment of these cells. The intercellular matrix of the nonossified subdermal nodule exhibited greatly increased mucosubstance and, by electron microscopy, showed an unusual network of dialyzed iron-reactive acid muco-substance in the interstitium.
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PMID:Histochemical and ultrastructural studies in fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (myositis ossificans progressiva). 14 Dec 14

One to three-month-old A-strain mice, inoculated subcutaneously with 2 x 10(6) viable syngeneic C1300 neuroblastoma cells (clone NB9R) developed a palpable tumor within 9-12 days and died within 28-30 days. A transient glomerulopathy developed after 16-24 days. Despite a normal histologic appearance, the nephropathy was clearly demonstrated by electron microscopy and was classified as a focal mesangiopathic glomerulonephritis. Deposits of host 7S-G immunoglobulins and C3 complement fragments were detected in these same kidneys by immunofluorescence. Radioimmunoprecipitin determinations on sera obtained from mice at different intervals from tumor cell inoculation, revealed that untreated mice contained circulating antibodies capable of reacting with 125I-labeled gp69-71 glycoprotein from Gross murine leukemia virus (MuLV). Antibodies to p30 MuLV antigen and to crude membrane antigen (s) (CMA) solubilized from NB9R cells were found in sera only after tumor cell inoculation. Circulating immune complexes formed by host 7S-G immunoglobulins were clearly detected from day 16 to 22. Antibodies eluted from kidneys with nephropathy were shown to react with NB9R cells in vitro and to react specifically with CMA and the p30 MuLV antigen.
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PMID:Antibody formation and transient immune complex glomerulopathy in A-strain mice with C1300 neuroblastoma tumors. 14 55

Explants of nine infiltrating duct carcinomas of the human female breast, maintained in organ culture, were exposed to the glycoprotein precursors, L-[3H]furcose and [3H]glucosamine, in order to determine the cellular distribution of newly synthesized glycoprotein as revealed by autoradiography with the light and electron microscopes. Explants were incubated with a single isotope for 2 hr, at which time some of the labeled explants were removed for autoradiographic analysis while the rest were transferred to nonradioactive medium for an additional 24 hr. After exposure to label for 24 hr, autoradiography with each isotope was similar and showed strong reactions over most tumor cells. The reactions were due to clumps of silver grains over intracytoplasmic lumina within single tumor cells and silver grains over Golgi saccules, cytoplasmic vesicles, lysosome-like bodies, lateral and basal plasma membranes, and microvilli. Extracellular ductular structures were also heavily labeled. At the later sampling time, Golgi saccules often showed a reduced reaction while the reactions over other organelles and intracellular and extracellular ductular structures remained strong. The observations suggest that in our in vitro system the tumor cells are metabolically active and complete the synthesis of the carbohydrate side chains of glycoproteins within the Golgi apparatus. From there, some of the newly synthesized glycoprotein appears to migrate to plasma membranes and lysosome-like bodies. Furthermore, our data support the notion that many duct carcinomas of the breast exhibit secretory activity by showing that some newly synthesized glycoprotein also appears to become products that are secreted into intracellular and extracellular ductular structures.
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PMID:Autoradiographic localization of glycoprotein in human breast cancer cells maintained in organ culture after incubation with (3H)fucose or (3H)glucosamine. 16 66

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is an alpha1-glycoprotein (M.W. about 65000) appearing in the fetal serum of most mammals including man during the early stages of pregnancy; 4 weeks after birth it disappears altogether or exists at very low concentrations as in the normal adult. AFP is formed in the yolk sac, the fetal liver and the gastro-intestinal tract. One of its physiological functions in fetal life is supposed to be the protection of the fetus from maternal oestrogens (oestrophilic property). The clinical significance of AFP is based on the regular and increasing production in primary liver cell carcinoma, less frequently in teratogenetic tumors where it serves as a control of therapy and course of the disease. Less frequent, minor and temporary increases in the AFP serum level occur in several primary tumors with secondary liver involvement, and in inflammatory gastro-intestinal diseases, e.g. of the liver (hepatitis, cirrhosis). AFP has an increasing importance in gynecology (gestational age, fetal distress syndrom, malformations, hydatidiform mole/chorion carcinoma). The physico-chemical properties of AFP are widely known. Both fetal and tumor AFP appear to be immunologically and biochemically identical, as are that of tissue and biological fluids. The differences observed (variants, microheterogeneity) depend mainly on the different content of sialic acid. An antigenetic relationship exists, between the AFP of most species. The immunodiffusion (Ouchterlony) is the most frequently used but relatively insensitive test (1-5 mug/ml) in finding AFP, whereas the radioimmunoassay is the most sensitive one (up to 0,25 ng/ml) and permits the determination of normal serum levels in adults (below 20 ng/ml). The serum concentration in healthy pregnant women lies up to 500 ng/ml, in patients with hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and other liver diseases mostly under 3 mug/ml, whereas in those with primary liver cell carcinoma levels up to and above 600 mg-percent have been found.
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PMID:[Carcinofetal antigens. I. alpha-fetoprotein (author's transl)]. 16 80

Using sensitive radiommunoprecipitation assays for highly purified type-C RNA tumor virus proteins, we found that 5 of 16 clinically normal gibbons (including 4 of 5 normal animals from a colony with 2 cases of lymphoma) and 4 of 4 experimentally inoculated gibbons formed antibodies to the major structural protein (p30) of gibbon ape leukemia virus (GaLV). An additional woolly monkey immunized with the closely related simian sarcoma virus also formed antibodies detectable with GaLV p30. Of 20 patients immunized with formalin-inactivated Rauscher murine leukemia virus (R-MuLV), 10 were previously reported to have antibodies to MuLV as determined by an internally labeled banded virus radioimmunoprecipitation assay. In comparison studies with purified R-MuLV proteins, 7 of 20 patients formed antibodies: 3/20 to R-MuLV p30 only, 1/20 to R-MuLV glycoprotein (gp) 70 only, and 3/20 to both p30 and gp70. Most responders were melanoma patients receiving immunotherapy with BCG. Additionally, rhesus monkeys produced antibodies to the endogenous cat virus RD114 and closely related endogenous baboon leukemia virus p30's. Thus these studies demonstrated the ability of primates (including humans) to form antibodies to well-characterized proteins from endogenous and exogenous type-C viruses and the potential utility of these assays for seroepidemiologic studies.
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PMID:Natural and experimentally induced antibodies to defined mammalian type-C virus proteins in primates. 17 68

The infectivity of avian RNA tumor viruses was inactivated to varying degrees by treatment with either concanavalin A (Con A) or phytohemagglutinin but not by treatment with wheat germ agglutinin. In general, leukosis viruses reacted preferentially with Con A, whereas sarcoma viruses showed more affinity for phytohemagglutinin. In a more extensive study with subgroup A of Prague Rous sarcoma virus (PR-A), the effect of inactivation by Con A could be specifically prevented by the addition of alpha-methyl-D-mannoside, alpha-methyl-D-glucoside, and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. These sugars were also capable of eluting [3H]glucosamine-labeled material from disrupted PR-A virus, which was bound to a Con A-sepharose affinity column. A major viral glycoprotein recovered from the column had the same mobility as gp85 in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and could be immunoprecipitated with anti-gp85 antiserum. These results suggest that the material reacting with Con A is present on the gp85 component of the viral glycoprotein. The diversity in the reactivity of the glycoproteins of transforming and nontransforming viruses with plant lectins is discussed.
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PMID:Reactivity of avian RNA tumor viruses with lectins. 17 78

Envelope-specific and sarcoma-specific nucleotide sequences have been located within the 10,000 nucleotides of the RNA of nondefective Schmidt-Ruppin Rous sarcoma virus (nd SR). For this purpose, about 30 RNase-T1-resistant oligonucleotides were ordered relative to the 3'-poly(A) terminus of the RNA, to construct an oligonucleotide map of the nd SR RNA. A cluster of seven envelope-specific oligonucleotides, identified by their absence from an otherwise very similar oligonucleotide map of an envelop-defective deletion mutant (which lacks the major viral glycoprotein), mapped at a distance of 2800-5000 nucleotides from the poly(A) end of nd SR RNA. A cluster of two sarcoma-specific oligonucleotides, identified by their absence from an otherwise nearly identical oligonucleotide map of a transformation-defective deletion mutant, mapped at a distance of 1000-2000 nucleotides from the poly(A) end of nd SR RNA. The oligonucleotide maps of nd SR and of the two deletion mutants were the same from the poly(A) end up to 650 nucleotides and included one terminal oligonucleotid, termed C, which is found in all avian tumor viruses tested so far. A possible gene order consistent with our data suggests that sarcoma-specific nucleotide sequences map between envelope-specific nucleotide sequences and the poly(A) end of the RNA.
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PMID:Location of envelope-specific and sarcoma-specific oligonucleotides on RNA of Schmidt-Ruppin Rous sarcoma virus. 17 8

Two principal virus-directed antigens have been identified on the surface of oncornavirus-infected chick embryo cells. One is identical with the major virus type-specific envelope antigen, which is a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 85,000. The 2nd antigen (tumor-specific cell surface antigen) is specific for transformed cells, i.e., absent from productively infected but nontransformed cells. This antigen has been identified as a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 100,000 and was not found in the mature virion. Remarkably, both antigens induce humoral as well as cellular immunity in the chicken. It could be shown that cells can be killed in cytotoxic assays via either the tumor-specific cell surface antigen or the virus envelope glycoprotein alone.
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PMID:Immune response to oncornaviruses and tumor-associated antigens in the chicken. 17 20

Although a glycoprotein with an approximate molecular weight of 43,000 is associated with purified virions of the Bryan high-titer strain of Rous sarcoma virus propagated on R(-)Q cells, these virions lack gp85, the major glycoprotein of the avian tumor virus envelope. As measured by immune precipitation with a specific antiserum, gp85 does not accumulate to detectable levels in R(-)Q cells.
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PMID:Viral glycoprotein synthesis studies in an established line of Japanese quail embryo cells infected with the Bryan high-titer strain of Rous sarcoma virus. 17 92


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