Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Catecholamine biosynthesis in tumor cells was studied in four patients, who expired from disseminated neuroblastoma. 1. The activity of tyrosine hydroxylase was detected in tumor tissues of all but one patient. 2. Dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity was assayabel in almost all tissues, except in the primary tumor of one patient. 3. The enzyme activities in the metastatic lesions were at the same levels in two cases, but much higher in the other two cases, as those in the primary tumours. 4. It was learned that the urinary excretion of vanilmandelic acid (VMA) and homovanillic acid (HVA) in these patients reflects the tissue levels of catecholamine synthesizing enzymes as well as the tumor mass.
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PMID:Biochemical activity in the metastatic lesions of neuroblastoma. 24 12

Metastatic tumor to the lungs is one of the most important factors in the poor prognosis of primary osteosarcoma of bone. Until recently, pulmonary resection alone was the only therapeutic method available to salvage these patients. Previous investigators have reviewed a number of clinical and pathologic parameters which may possibly relate to the prognosis of osteosarcoma and the occurrence of pulmonary metastases. The pathologic features of these latter lesions have received little attention other than to state that they generally are less differentiated than the primary tumor. A review of multiple pulmonary nodules resected from 15 patients has demonstrated that 66% of all lesions were essentially identical to the primary tumor. The 5-year survival from the original amputation was 33% in this series; however, it was not possible to prognosticate a favorable outcome from the metastasis, a similar type of observation which has been made by others in relation to the primary osteosarcoma.
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PMID:Metastatic osteosarcoma to lung: a clinicopathologic study of surgical biopsies and resections. 27 Oct 38

A patient with a 17-year course of metastatic lobular carcinoma of the breast is described who developed large numbers of circulating carcinoma cells which were easily detectable in several routine peripheral blood smears shortly before death. This rare complication of carcinoma has been called "carcinocythemia." Carcinocythemia is probably due to widespread infiltration of many bone marrow sites and may also be related to splenectomy, which may impair reticuloendothelial clearance of circulating tumor cells. The differential diagnosis of carcinocythemia from superimposed acute myelogenous leukemia, which can complicate radiotherapy and chemotherapy for the primary tumor, is discussed. Cytomorphology, histochemistry, and electron microscopy of abnormal circulating cells should aid in the distinction of these two processes.
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PMID:Carcinocythemia (carcinoma cell leukemia) due to metastatic carcinoma of the breast: report of a case. 27 Oct 40

Metastases of osteosarcomas do not grow according to a simple exponential function, but rather according to a type of Gompertz' function where flattening with a tendency toward plateau formation sets in after a certain time. This deviation from an exponential growth type corresponds to a substantial increase in the initial tumor size--doubling time. The metastasis doubles in the period after its transfer faster than when it first becomes visible in an x-ray. Another important conclusion resulting from the use of the Gompertz model is the assumption of a tumor-specific maximum volume which cannot be exceeded over a period of infinite growth. For lung metastases of osteosarcoma this volume amounts to approximately 120 cm3. The critical volume which kills the host is, at 70 to 80 cm3, relatively close to this theoretical growth limit (only approximately one cell division below this limit). If a metastasis develops from a single cell, the number of divisions up to this point is approximately 46. Of these, 38 lie within the growth zone which is not visible via x-ray. Since cell-cycle specific agents (for example Vincristin and Methotrexate) have the greatest effect against rapidly proliferating tumors, these drugs (for example alkylantic drugs) are especially effective in the case of slowly proliferating neoplasms. Therefore, use of these drugs should be favored when the metastasis is visible in the x-ray. Since occasionally, particular when the primary tumor is still relatively small, metastasization may not necessarily have already taken place, radical operation of the primary tumor should be carried out as soon as possible. A preliminary irradiation of the primary tumor cannot prevent metastasization with certainty. Therefore delayed amputation should be avoided.
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PMID:[On the growth characteristics of human osseous sarcoma metastases: mathematical calculations and clinical consequences (author's transl)]. 27 86

Desmoplastic fibroma (fibromatosis) is rarely seen as a primary tumor of bone. Its occurrence as a central lesion in the jaws is even more uncommon. The case of a 26-year-old woman with a central desmoplastic fibroma of the body of the mandible is described. The lesion manifested as a painless swelling and radiographically appeared as a well-delineated radiolucency. On exploration, the tumor was found to have infiltrated through the lingual cortex. Microscopic examination revealed invasion of muscle. The clinicopathologic features of this case and of the twenty-five similar lesions previously described in the literature are analyzed and discussed.
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PMID:Desmoplastic fibroma (fibromatosis) of the jawbones. Report of a case and review of the literature. 27 36

Methotrexate (MTX) covalently bound to bovine serum albumin (MTX-BSA), injected ip (10 mg/kg) once every 4 days for a total of 4 doses, was more effective than an equivalent dose of free MTX in reducing the number of metastases observed in female (C57BL/6 X DBA/2)F1 mice bearing the sc implanted Lewis lung carcinoma. Treatment with the high-molecular-weight derivative of MTX in addition caused a decreased rate of growth of the primary tumor and a modest increase in the life-span of the tumor-bearing animal. When tumor-bearing mice were killed after receiving injections of [3H]MTX or [3H]MTX-BSA, no difference in the amount of drug was found at the tumor site after 1 hour; however, after 8 or 24 hours, twice as much radioactivity was found in the tumors of mice treated with carrier-bound drug. Analysis of this radioactivity indicated a ratio of 60--80% carrier-bound to 20--40% free MTX.
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PMID:Control of solid tumor metastases with a high-molecular-weight derivative of methotrexate. 28 78

The authors report the data on the disease clinical course being dependent on the peculiarities of tumor differentiation. The work is based on the findings of treatment and dynamic follow-up of 156 patients with osteogenic sarcoma of extremity bones. Distant gammatherapy, as the principal method of treatment, was employed in all patients. A cytological test was used to determine the morphological character of the tumor. It was shown that clinico-cytological correlations sometimes help to reveal significant differences in development of the disease. In groups of patients with signs of primary tumor anaplasia male individuals showing acute pains, prompt tumor growth and marked general intoxication phenomena were predominating. In radiotherapy of this group of patients a positive response, which may allow a continuous dynamic observation, is more rarely gained.
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PMID:[Clinical cytological characteristics of osteogenic sarcoma]. 28 23

N-13 L-glutamate was used to image an osteogenic sarcoma in a 9-year-old patient. Serial quantitative measurements of the amount of N-13 taken up by the primary tumor showed a decrease of 40% after 10 wk of chemotherapy. Blood-clearance data obtained from normal subjects indicate that more than 90% of the N-13 activity had left the blood before scanning of the tumor was begun. It appears that the N-13 label concentrated in the soft-tissue portion of this osteogenic sarcoma, whereas Tc-99m diphosphonate uptake was greatest in the regions where calcification was occurring.
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PMID:Quantitative scanning of osteogenic sarcoma with nitrogen-13-labeled L-glutamate. 29 64

A prospective study comparing the radionuclide skeletal survey with the radiographic survey was performed for 159 children with known primary neoplasm. Forty-four showed radionuclide evidence of metastases, while only 14 had radiographic evidence. Thus, 68% of metastases were discovered by bone imaging alone. No false negative images for metastases were obtained, though there was one false negative image for primary tumor. Radionuclide skeletal survey is recommended as the primary evaluation for bony metastases in all children with neoplasms. Suspect areas should then receive complete radiographic examination.
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PMID:Radionuclide skeletal survey for pediatric neoplasms. 30 Apr 88

Two patients with osteogenic sarcoma of the proximal tibia were treated pre-operatively with intensive chemotherapy with high dose methotrexate (HDMTX) with citrovorum factor rescue (CFR) and adriamycin (ADR). One patient died before surgery. The other underwent en bloc resection of the primary tumor with prosthetic replacement of the involved tibia, following by adjuvant chemotherapy consisting of HDMTX with CFR and ADR, but died of metastases. Complete control of the primary or metastatic tumor was not achieved. It is emphasised that intensive multiple drug chemotherapy should be administered with extreme caution. The histologic findings are carefully analysed in relation to objective tumor response and toxic chemotherapy effects.
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PMID:Pathologic aspects of chemotherapy response in the treatment of osteogenic sarcoma. An analysis of two cases. 30 99


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