Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

5 patients diagnosed as having extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma have been referred to our adult oncology unit since 1980. All were men, ranging in age from 18-57 (mean 32 years). The primary tumor was located on the trunk in 4 and in an extremity in 1. Wide tumor excision was feasible in only 2. 3 died within 27 months and 2 are alive, 13 and 67 months, respectively, following diagnosis. This study demonstrates the highly aggressive nature of extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma and the need for early diagnosis and efficient chemotherapy.
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PMID:[Extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma]. 155 5

Because the occurrence of primary Ewing's sarcoma in the facial bones is unusual, it may pose diagnostic and therapeutic problems. Lack of clinical suspicion along with atypical radiographic features may lead to a delayed diagnosis. Furthermore, because of the limited number of cases, precise treatment guidelines are lacking. In our patient, whom we believe to be the first reported with primary Ewing's sarcoma originating in the zygoma, the tumor was successfully managed surgically. A combination of craniofacial and microsurgical principles made surgical resection and immediate reconstruction possible in an area not generally thought to be amenable to surgery; moreover, we thus avoided the potential deleterious effects of radiation in the facial region in a growing child.
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PMID:Ewing's sarcoma: primary involvement of the zygoma undergoing resection and immediate reconstruction. 156 Dec 67

Tre is a recombinant gene isolated from NIH3T3 cells transfected with human Ewing's sarcoma DNA. It is composed of three major genetic elements derived, 5' to 3', from human chromosomes 5, 18 and 17. We report here on transcripts from the 3' domain of tre. The transcripts were cloned from a cDNA library of cytoplasmic poly(A)+ RNA from tre-transfected NIH3T3 tumor cells. The complete cDNA sequence, 8201 nucleotides, possessed an unusually long non-coding region and a translatable region with two open reading frames. In one cDNA clone, the presence of two insertions suggested the possibility of alternative splicing. The sequence mapped to the centromere-proximal region of 17q. Transfection-tumorigenicity assays with the open reading frames subcloned into expression vectors were positive for the reading frame adjacent to the 5' non-coding region and negative for the second, downstream, reading frame and the possible alternatively spliced versions of both reading frames. Analysis of the 786 amino acid sequence deduced from the 5' reading frame predicted a highly hydrophilic protein with two charge clusters suggesting nucleic acid-binding properties. When used as probe, the cloned sequence detected RNA transcripts in a wide variety of human cancer cells regardless of their lineage of origin from different tissues, but not in human cells from normal tissue.
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PMID:A novel transcriptional unit of the tre oncogene widely expressed in human cancer cells. 156 68

An established cell line was derived from a neuroblastoma originating in the abdomen of a six year old male. This patient had increased urinary homovanillic acid on two occasions, and the tumor had a unique pattern of local peritoneal and hepatic dissemination but not distant spread. The cells were initially highly refractile round cells forming firmly adherent cell clumps which later formed irregularly shaped bodies with mono- or bipolar short processes attached to the plastic surface of the culture flask. Chromosomal tetraploidy and marker chromosomes distinguished these cells from Ewings sarcoma, neuroepithelioma and the common disseminating neuroblastoma. Immunohistochemical staining positive for neurofilament, chromogranin, desmin and vimentin suggested it to be relatively undifferentiated. When heterotransplanted to nude mice, these cells expressed only desmin and vimentin reactivity. This neuroblastoma cell line was established and designated as VA-N-BR. It appears to be different from the more common partially differentiated neuroblastoma of childhood.
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PMID:Establishment of a new cell line, VA-N-BR, from a primitive neuroblastoma tumor of the abdomen. 158 May 64

A neural origin of Ewing's sarcoma (ES) has often been suggested and we have demonstrated neurofilament protein expression in ES cells. However, only the 200-kD subunit has been revealed in all of the ES cells analyzed. The 160- and 68-kD subunits were always absent. For these reasons, we have attempted to induce neural differentiation in 3 ES cell lines with different types of inducers: tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) retinoic acid and nerve growth factor. When the cell lines were cultured for 7 days with TPA (10(-9) M) or retinoic acid (10(-7) M), only the 68-kD neurofilament subunit was slightly induced. No inducation was obtained when nerve growth factor was used, even at a 21-day culture. These results are in agreement with the putative neural origin of ES and may indicate an abnormal expression of neurofilament proteins in this tumor.
Tumour Biol 1992
PMID:Abnormal expression of neurofilament proteins in Ewing's sarcoma cell cultures. 158 95

We have examined a wide range of cultured human tumor cell lines and found that a specific subset of tumors expresses the cholecystokinin (CCK) gene. All neuroepitheliomas (eight) and Ewing sarcoma (eight) cell lines that were tested express CCK RNA. In addition, two of six rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines also express the CCK gene, suggesting that rhabdomyosarcomas are probably heterogenous and that a subset may be similar to Ewing sarcoma and neuroepithelioma. Very few of the positive tumors express completely processed immunoreactive CCK. However, we have used a radioimmunoassay that detects the CCK precursor to demonstrate synthesis of CCK precursor-like peptides by all of the Ewing sarcoma and neuroepithelioma lines that were tested and by the rhabdomyosarcoma cell line that expresses CCK mRNA. These data demonstrate a consistent association of CCK gene expression with a specific group of human neoplasms. The data also add credence to the theory that Ewing sarcoma and neuroepithelioma are derived from the same transformed cell type. Finally, our results suggest that CCK gene expression may serve as a marker to distinguish these tumors, which are considered to be small-round-cell tumors of childhood, from other pediatric tumors.
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PMID:Expression of the cholecystokinin gene in pediatric tumors. 163 Oct 63

Eighty-three MR studies for primary bone tumors, performed with both spin echo and short time inversion recovery (STIR) sequences, were reviewed. Twenty-six patients underwent surgery within 10 days after MR imaging. Specimens were cut and directly compared with MR images. In the remainder, pathologic slides were compared in order to obtain a better understanding of MR pattern. All MR images were examined with a traditional morphologic approach and, upon comparison with surgical macroslides and with pathology samples, some MR distinctive patterns were identified: the bulky appearance of osteosarcoma surrounded by muscle edema, the multilobular high signal intensity (SI) chondroid lesions, the subtle infiltration of Ewing's sarcoma, rarely accompanied by muscle edema and prone to MR underestimation, the well defined "multiple shells" pattern of giant cell tumor, and the ill defined "storiform" appearance of malignant fibrous histocytoma are all typical MR features strictly corresponding to pathologic findings. The chondroid origin tumors may be identified based on the lobular high SI pattern whereas a benign fibrous lesion was the only one in this series to be distinguished relying on the SI. Peritumoral soft tissue edema was found by the STIR sequence only in malignant tumors (69%) of this series, and particularly in osteosarcoma (96%), chondrosarcoma (83%), and giant cell tumor (100%): this associate finding may further contribute to the diagnosis.
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PMID:Primary bone tumors. MR morphologic appearance correlated with pathologic examinations. 165 May 69

A new classification scheme is proposed for the differential diagnosis of Ewing's sarcoma and malignant peripheral neuroectodermal tumor (MPNT) based on conventional light microscopic and immunohistochemical findings. The presence of Homer-Wright rosettes and/or the expression of at least two neural markers is diagnostic of MPNT Ewing's sarcoma. Ewing's sarcoma was diagnosed in cases lacking Homer-Wright rosettes and expressing no neural marker or only one in immunohistochemistry. Using this "new" approach considerable differences were found between both tumor types. Although most MPNT were located in the thoracopulmonary region, Ewing's sarcoma was located predominantly in the pelvis and extremities. The mean age of MPNT patients was greater than that of Ewing's sarcoma patients. Most importantly, however, was a statistically significant difference in prognosis: disease-free survival in Ewing's sarcoma patients at 7.5 years follow-up was 60% compared with 45% MPNT patients (P = 0.026). The detection of HNK-1 in MPNT indicated a more aggressive biologic behavior, and the expression of protein S-100 appeared to be correlated with a more favorable clinical course.
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PMID:Malignant peripheral neuroectodermal tumor and its necessary distinction from Ewing's sarcoma. A report from the Kiel Pediatric Tumor Registry. 165 8

The monoclonal HBA-71 antibody recognizes a Ewing's sarcoma associated antigen, which is also highly expressed on the cell surface of human cortical thymocytes and islets of Langerhans among normal tissues. The antibody was found to inhibit partially the growth of ES tumor cell lines and to trigger proliferation in thymocyte cultures. The influence of growth factors and the effect of the HBA-71 antibody was further investigated in the present study. The growth of ES tumor cells was demonstrated to be dependent on the presence of insulin-like growth factor I or insulin. The HBA-71 antibody (25 micrograms/ml) enhanced the growth stimulatory effect of IGF-I under serum-free conditions. The expression of the HBA-71 epitope is modulated positively by IGF-I and insulin and negatively by dexamethasone and human growth hormone in ES/PNET tumor cells and thymocytes. IGF-I either alone or in combination with HBA-71 stimulated the proliferation of thymocytes under serum-free conditions whereas in complete medium, IGF-I stimulated thymidine incorporation and the HBA-71 antibody either alone or in the presence of IGF-I showed inhibitory activity most likely due to down-regulation of the receptor. These data demonstrate the important role of IGF-I in the growth of ES/PNET tumor cells as well in the proliferative activity of HBA-71 positive normal thymocytes. The biological activity of IGF-I in malignant thymocytes, pancreas tumors, fetal muscle, brain, granulosa and Sertoli cells has been documented in the literature.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The monoclonal HBA-71 antibody modulates proliferation of thymocytes and Ewing's sarcoma cells by interfering with the action of insulin-like growth factor I. 165 51

Angiotensin-induced hypertension chemotherapy (IHC) was investigated in six children with the following advanced malignancies: hepatocellular carcinoma, extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma, sacrococcygeal malignant teratoma, small round cell tumor of the chest wall, hepatoblastoma and osteogenic sarcoma. Partial response was achieved in three of these patients, two showed no change, and in one IHC was used as adjuvant chemotherapy. The side effects of IHC were minimal and tolerable. Angiotensin-IHC may provide a new approach to pediatric cancer chemotherapy.
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PMID:Angiotensin-induced hypertension chemotherapy in children with advanced solid tumors. 166 35


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