Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Between 1968 and 1975, the authors studied at the Institut Curie the value of fine needle aspiration cytology in the follow-up of breast cancers, which have been previously treated with definitive irradiation (182 cases) or lumpectomy and post-operative irradiation (20 cases). The cytologic results have been compared to the pathologic aspects of the surgical specimens. The cytologic procedure was made when the tumor decrease was incomplete or too slow, or when, after a free interval, was noted in the irradiated breast a tissue reaction clinically and radiologically indefinite. The post-therapeutic investigation interested 202 cases of breast carcinoma. Compared to the histologic result, the cytologic results proved to be: -- identical. . . . . . . in 170 cases (84%) -- false benign . . . . . in 4 cases (2%) -- false malignant . . . . in 4 cases (2%) -- insufficient cell material in 24 cases (12%) The high rate of correct cytologic diagnosis and the very low rate of wrong results prove the value and interest of the fine needle aspiration cytology for residual tumor masses or for recurrences in irradiated breast cancers.
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PMID:[Value and interest of fine needle aspiration cytology in the follow-up of irradiated breast cancers (author's transl)]. 46 45

Of forty children having undergone two or more years ago an irradiation of the brain case with cobalt-60 delivering doses between 1800 and 2400 R TD (n = 20) or a dose above 3500 R TD (n = 20), as a matter of fact ten presented pathological EEG findings which, however, may be interpreted as genetically determined characteristics, or instead in connection with a recurrence of the tumor just manifesting itself, or else as the consequence of a residual tumor or of the surgery performed. Pathological EEG findings on the account of radiation therapy apparently are much less frequent than morphological changes of the brain after radiation therapy. It is not necessary to assume that the latter need always have an effect upon the function of the infantine brain.
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PMID:[Electroencephalographic findings in the late stage after CNS-irradiation for malignant neoplasms in children (author's transl)]. 47 53

6 patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma and multiple secondary cutaneous lesions were treated with intralesional methanol extraction residue of bacillus Calmette Guerin (MER-BCG). Separate lesions were injected with purified protein derivatives (PPD) in 5 of the study patients. 5 of the 6 MER-BCG injection lesions developed marked inflammation clinically. Excisional biopsy 7-14 days later demonstrated complete dissolution of tumor in 2 patients and was accompanied by infiltration with acute and chronic inflammatory cells; 3 lesions revealed necrosis with residual tumor, and in 1 patient there was no apparent host response. Clinical tumor regression was not observed with PPD applied intralesionally, although histopathologic analysis revealed a granulomatous inflammatory response in 3 of 5 patients. No patient demonstrated regression of uninjected cutaneous lesions (4 evaluable patients) or visceral lesions (2 patients). The critical determinants of tumor regression are the size, site and depth of the lesion in relationship to the cutaneous surface. The mechanism of tumor eradication may be related to 'innocent bystander' necrosis secondary to nonspecific inflammation rather than immunologically mediated via host sensitization.
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PMID:Intralesional immune therapy: methanol extraction residue of BCG or purified protein derivative. 48 45

Radioimmunoassay for serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was performed in 49 colonic cancer patients. The test results were positive in 42 patients (85.7%) in whom tumor was present at the time of assay. Preoperatively, CEA level suggested the extent and the prognosis of the disease. Strongly positive CEA test results in such patients correlated with metastatic tumors and poor prognosis. Postoperatively, a positive result for serum CEA indicated presence of residual tumor, while negative results did not exclude residual tumor. Periodic CEA determination in the patients who have undergone resection of colonic cancer may detect tumor recurrence that is at a treatable stage. The data show that patients in whom the immediate postoperative CEA concentration returns to normal have a much lower incidence of recurrent cancer of the colon than patients whose CEA level remains elevated.
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PMID:Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) as prognostic marker in colonic cancer. 49 80

At autopsy of 82 cases of carcinoma of the esophagus over a period of 25 years metastatic tumor was found in 42 cases (51%) and residual tumor in the esophagus in 56 cases (86%). The most frequent site of metastases was in the lymph nodes, followed by liver, lung, and adrenal gland. Direct extension of the tumor to adjacent structures was established in 30 cases (36%), and the most frequent structure involved was the trachea. Five cases had a second primary and two cases a second separate lesion at another level of the esophagus.
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PMID:Autopsy findings in carcinoma of the esophagus. 49 89

Thirteen children with localized (Evans stage I or II) thoracic primary neuroblastoma were divided into two groups according to the type of therapy administered, in order to compare the therapeutic efficacy and morbidity of excisional surgery followed by either irradiation alone or irradiation plus chemotherapy (group A) with similar surgery alone (group B). Group A consisted of 6 children (mean age 1 year, 2 months). Complete surgical excision was accomplished in 2 patients, while 4 had microscopic residual. All 6 patients are free of disease at 26--76 months (mean 47 months), including 2 who had recurrent tumor and received additional therapy. Two have developed congestive heart failure and one severe scoliosis secondary to irradiation. Of the 7 children in group B (mean age 2 years, 2 months), 3 had microscopic residual tumor and 2 had adjacent lymph node involvement. After 12--47 months (mean 23 months), no recurrence or surgery-related morbidity has been observed. From these limited data it appears that surgery alone may provide adequate therapy for localized thoracic neuroblastoma and obviate the morbidity associated with multimodal therapy.
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PMID:Management of localized thoracic neuroblastoma. 50 72

The records of 2,115 patients with ovarian cancer who were treated at the M.D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute in Houston, Texas, during the 30 year period from 1944 to 1973 were reviewed. Ninety percent of the patients had an epithelial cancer of the ovary. The important prognostic factors include stage and grade of tumor and the presence or absence of ascites. Probably the most important prognostic factor, however, was the size of the largest tumor mass that remained after initial surgery. The patient's age and socioeconomic level were also influencing factors in the survival rate in this series of patients. Most of the patients had advanced disease when first examined and received some type of adjunctive postoperative treatment. The survival of patients who received postoperative irradiation, when compared by stage and size of the largest residual tumor mass, was improved over those who received chemotherapy.
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PMID:Rewiew of ovarian cancer at the University of Texas Systems Cancer Center, M.D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute. 50 37

One hundred sixteen patients with metastatic breast cancer who achieved complete remission with combination chemotherapy were analyzed to ascertain the factors that affect the duration of complete remission and the patterns of relapse. The median duration of complete remission was 17 months. Disease recurred in 81 patients (70%) at periods ranging from 3 to 44 months after achievement of complete remission. The duration of complete remission was inversely related to the bulk of metastatic tumor. Twenty-three patients treated with combined oophorectomy and chemotherapy experienced the longest remissions (median duration of 33 months); only eight (35%) of them have relapsed. Seventy-six percent of the relapses occurred in previously known sites of tumor involvement; most of the remainder involved the brain. The short duration of complete remissions and tendency to relapse in sites of initial involvement suggest that patients with metastatic breast cancer who achieved complete remission with combination chemotherapy still had substantial residual tumor. Consolidation treatments, using hormonal therapy and non-cross-resistant chemotherapy along with irradiation to initial sites of metastases, whould be investigated to ascertain their usefulness in prolonging the remissions.
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PMID:Complete remissions in metastatic breast cancer treated with combination drug therapy. 51 83

Between March 1944 and September 1976, 279 patients with nonseminomatous testicular tumors were treated. The 3-year NED rates for patients with Stages I, IIA, and IIB were 78.2%, 46.7%, and 17.6%, respectively. However, the results were better for patients treated with preoperative radiotherapy and lymphadenectomy with or without postoperative radiotherapy (Stage IIA: 77.5%--14/18; Stage IIB: 12.9%--3/7). Postoperative radiotherapy is not necessary for patients with negative nodes at lymphadenectomy because the periaortic failure rate is low for this group. However, when positive nodes are found, the control is improved with radiotherapy. The minimum tumor dose required when tumor is found but resected is not known. When there is gross residual tumor, a dose of 4,500-5,500 rad is required to achieve any salvage. In this series, 42.2% of patients with positive nodes at lymphadenectomy (Stages I and II) developed extranodal metastases. This group might benefit from adjunctive chemotherapy.
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PMID:The role of radiation therapy in the treatment of germinal cell tumors of the testis other than pure seminoma. 55 4

Sixteen eyes harboring a choroidal or a ciliary body melanoma or both have been treated conservatively by photocoagulation, transscleral diathermocoagulation, and cobalt irradiation. These eyes have been enucleated because they showed an enlargement of the residual tumor and, in one case, perforation of the sclera. Cobalt irradiation affected all the layers of the tumor and was innocuous to the sclera. Diathermocoagulation destroyed the deep layers of the tumor and the sclera. Photocoagulation destroyed only the superficial layers of the tumor but not uniformly. Cobalt irradiation is the method of choice and photocoagulation a good adjunct in the conservative treatment of choroidal and ciliary body melanomas.
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PMID:The effect of conservative treatment on the choroidal melanoma: histopathologic study. 56 73


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