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 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Recent studies concerning the role of an angiogenic factor in cancer have produced a renewed interest in vascular studies of the cervix. Colposcopic and histochemical vascular studies demonstrate changes in the vascular pattern of cervical neoplasia which progress from early dysplasia to carcinoma in situ. There is a restructuring of the terminal vascular network of the pre-existing columnar epithelium in noninvasive cervical neoplasia which is caused by compression of the capillaries by the epithelial proliferation. In contrast, neovascularization is observed in those cases of carcinoma in situ which will progress to invasive cancer. The position is taken that this process of neovascularization, which is recognized by the development of horizontal vessels, may be the direct effect of an angiogenic factor. Evidence is also presented that the initial vascular changes may precede the histopathologic criteria of cervical neoplasia.
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PMID:Angiogenesis of cervical neoplasia. 111 92

The loss of intercellular and basement membrane antigens has been associated with the development of epidermal cell dysplasia and neoplasia. The antigenic components of the epidermis have been investigated in lichen planus, lupus erythematosus and eczema, using pemphigoid and pemphigus sera by the indirect immunofluorescent staining method. In areas of active lichen planus there was extensive reduction or complete absence of basement membrane antigen. Intercellular antigen was preserved in lichen planus although in some damaged rete ridges it appeared to be reduced. Both these antigens were well preserved in lupus erythematosus and eczema. Loss of epithelial antigens is therefore not confined to the development of neoplasia.
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PMID:Epidermal antigens in lichen planus. 118 77

Preoperative plasma CEA levels were measured in 93 selected patients with histologically defined colorectal adenomata removed at fibroptic colonoscopy in order to determine whether CEA levels are elevated in patients with colonic polyps, or vary with different histologic patterns. None of the patients had inflammatory bowel disease, previous history of carcinoma, or evidence of liver disease. Fifteen percent of the patients had elevated CEA levels (greater than or equal to 2.5 ng/ml; Hansen method), and two-thirds of these were between 2.5 and 4.0 ng/ml. Increased association of elevated CEA levels was noted with old age, villous adenomas (2- to 4-fold), and increased tumor size (greater than 2.3-cm diameter; 2-fold), but not with foci of dysplasia or carcinoma in situ as such. One-half (7/14) of the patients with elevated CEA levels showed the following: two patients had villous tumors with carcinoma in situ, one had a villous adenoma, two had mixed villous and tubular adenomas (with a high proportion of villous pattern), and two were subsequently shown to have carcinoma elsewhere in the colon. It is uncertain that the polyps were the source of the elevated circulating CEA levels; other factors including smoking and patient selection need to be considered. This preliminary study suggests that patients with colorectal adenomata and elevated circulating CEA may be at higher risk for the development of carcinoma. Further follow-up studies of the malignant potential of the polyp-bearing colon are essential.
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PMID:CEA levels in patients with colorectal polyps. 120 57

154 suspicious and positive findings for carcinoma in women between the ages of 18 and 30 were reported. Included here were 7 cases of invasive carcinoma, 57 cases of epithelial carcinoma, 8 cases of advanced dysplasia and 17 cases of dysplasia in beginning and intermediate stages. The findings from two gynecologic practices in which the physicians annually conducted a cytologic examination of the cervix on every woman, regardless of age, were studied in particular. In both of these practices, 64 of the 89 preliminary stages of carcinoma and carcinoma itself in this age group were discovered in this way. The total material came from 26 contributors. The participation on the part of the young women in both gynecologic practices was unexpectedly high (33% of all those patients receiving preventive examinations). The established practice of conducting cytologic cancer tests on the cervix uteri only after the age of 30 can no longer be justified. One possible causal factor for the increased morbidity and the earlier occurrence of the disease is the coincidence between genital infections and the increased occurrence of neoplasia of the cervix due to earlier onset of sexual activity. It is imperative that women be informed of the increased risks and that they be given the opportunity of a cervical cancer test even before the age of thirty.
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PMID:[Results of cytologic examinations of the cervix in women under the age of thirty (author's transl)]. 127 59

The Authors studied 54 cervical biopsies using in situ hybridization (ISH) to identify HPV related lesions. 26 biopsies lacked clear cut koilocytotic atypia on histological examination and 28 had a diagnosis of grades 1 and 2 intraepithelial neoplasia. Histological diagnosis of HPV-related dysplasia were studied using ISH with biotinylated probes (Phatogene DNA probe assay Enzo Diagnostics). Probes included HPV types 6/11, 16/18 and 31/35/51. HPV DNA were detected in 18 of 28 (64.3%) cervical biopsies with diagnosis of grade 1 and grade 2 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia with koilocytotic atypia. None of the 26 cervical biopsies equivocal for koilocytotic atypia had detectable HPV DNA with ISH. These results suggest that ISH can be used for the quality control in the histological diagnosis of koilocytotic atypia.
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PMID:Histological diagnosis of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related dysplasia: quality control by in situ hybridization (ISH) analysis. 128 27

The expression of SCC antigen mRNA was studied by Northern blot analysis and in situ hybridization in human gynecologic tissues. Northern blot analysis revealed that mRNA of SCC antigen was expressed strongly in normal squamous epithelium and columnar epithelium of the uterine cervix, but not in the endometrium, fallopian tube or ovarian tissue. Among gynecologic malignancies, squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix expressed mRNA of SCC antigen, whereas endometrial and ovarian adenocarcinoma were negative. With in situ hybridization, mRNA of SCC antigen is located in the basal and parabasal layers of the normal squamous epithelium, in dysplasia, and also in carcinoma in situ and invasive squamous cell carcinoma. These results confirmed the previous findings by immunohistochemical studies that SCC antigen is closely related to squamous cells, but also raised a new puzzle regarding the different localization of mRNA and its product, SCC antigen, in the normal squamous epithelium.
Tumour Biol 1992
PMID:Expression of mRNA of SCC antigen in squamous cells. 129 29

Carcinoma in situ, dysplasia, prostatic intra-epithelial neoplasia, duct-acinar dysplasia and large-acinar hyperplasia are various terms describing more or less identical forms of prostatic epithelial atypia. The precancerous nature of these lesions can be demonstrated by: morphological and functional similarities with carcinoma, a younger age than that of carcinoma, a higher incidence in cancerous prostates, an identical zonal distribution and a significant progression of high-grade lesions towards carcinoma. These hypoechoic lesions can be detected or monitored by transrectal ultrasonography. They also secrete PSA at levels intermediate between those of benign prostate and adenocarcinoma. Because of the occasional risk of malignant transformation and a frequent association with carcinoma, these lesions should be regularly monitored by digital rectal examination, PSA assays and possibly by ultrasound-guided biopsies.
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PMID:[Precancerous conditions of the prostate]. 130 11

The authors investigated methods for analysis of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in lung cancers and bronchial lesions from high risk patients (retired poison gas factory workers). Amplifications of C-, L-, N-myc, length of terminal repeat array (TRA), mutations of p53 gene, p53 mRNA and K-ras genes were analysed in frozen specimens of surgically resected lung cancers. Various lesions including dysplasia, squamous metaplasia, goblet cell metaplasia, and basal cell hyperplasia were detected in the bronchial epithelium of biopsied specimens from retired poison gas factory workers. Analysis of p53 gene and k-ras gene mutations was performed on these formalin fixed, paraffin embedded samples, but no evidence of mutation has been found to date.
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PMID:[Analysis of oncogenes and suppressor genes in lung cancer and bronchial lesions from high risk group]. 130 37

We report on congenital hypothalamic hamartomas, discovered at autopsy in 3 unrelated fetuses. In the first 2 patients, the tumor was associated with skeletal dysplasia only. In the third patient, it was part of a non-random congenital malformation association, suggestive of Meckel syndrome. In one family, a previous boy died soon after birth with similar craniofacial and skeletal abnormalities. As far as we know, the association between isolated skeletal dysplasia and congenital hypothalamic hamartomas has not yet been documented in the literature. Nevertheless, a spectrum of skeletal abnormalities has been described in association with congenital hypothalamic "hamartoblastoma" and a constellation of variable visceral malformations under the eponym of "Pallister-Hall syndrome" (PHS). A detailed analysis of the PHS reported cases shows that only skeletal dysplasia and oro-facial abnormalities are present constantly. They show similarities with those found in our first 2 cases. These findings prompt us to consider skeletal dysplasia and oro-facial abnormalities as common denominator and minimum criteria required to define a nosologically distinct, possibly familial entity, which we suggest calling "congenital hypothalamic hamartoma syndrome" (CHHS).
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PMID:Congenital hypothalamic hamartoma syndrome: nosological discussion and minimum diagnostic criteria of a possibly familial form. 130 64

DNA from human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 has been recently identified in conjunctival epithelial dysplasia and carcinoma. In other body sites, HPV 16 is thought to play a role in the development of dysplastic lesions. To further explore the relationship between HPV and conjunctival neoplasia, we examined paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 42 biopsies or excisions from 38 patients whose lesions ranged from mild dysplasia to infiltrating squamous carcinoma of the conjunctiva. We also examined limbal swabs from six patients with dysplasia or carcinoma, five of whom also had tissue samples available for study. HPV 16 DNA was present in 37 (88.1%) tissue samples, including duplicate samples from four patients. Five (83.3%) of six patients who had conjunctival swabs had HPV 16 DNA present in the swabs, including two patients whose lesions had been excised one and eight years before swabs were done. We conclude there is a high prevalence of HPV 16 DNA in conjunctival epithelial neoplasia, suggesting that the development of neoplasia is related somehow to the presence of this virus. However, based on its presence in clinically uninvolved eyes and on the persistence of infection many years after successful eradication of the lesions, HPV apparently does not act alone in the development of conjunctival epithelial neoplasia.
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PMID:Human papillomavirus DNA in tissues and ocular surface swabs of patients with conjunctival epithelial neoplasia. 130 28


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