Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Among the 17,032 women included in the Oxford-Family Planning Association contraceptive study, 65 developed biopsy proven cervical neoplasia (including dysplasia) prior to 1 September 1977. The incidence rate in diaphragm users (0.17 per 1000 woman-years of observation) was much lower than the rates in oral contraceptive users or intrauterine device users (0.95 and 0.87 respectively). This difference could not be explained in terms of confounding variables, nor was it attributable to a lower frequency of cervical smearing among diaphragm users within the clinics. Detailed information about age at first intercourse, numbers of sexual partners and the frequency of cervical smearing outside the clinics was obtained from 52 of the women with cervical neoplasia and 139 matched controls. Diaphragm users were less likely to have had coitus at an early age and had had materially fewer sexual partners than users of the other two methods of contraception. After adjusting for the effects of these variables, however, the risk of cervical neoplasia in diaphragm users was still only about one quarter that in the users of the other methods. Patterns of smearing varied little between users of the various contraceptive methods. Smoking emerged as a major "risk factor" for cervical neoplasia in this study. This probably implies that the smoking habit reflects some important aspect of sexual behaviour relevant to the production of the disease that we have been unable to measure.
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PMID:Neoplasia and dysplasia of the cervix uteri and contraception: a possible protective effect of the diaphragm. 69 42

Activities of the lysosomal enzymes, cathepsin B1 (CBI), beta-glucuronidase, and beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase, as well as sialyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase, and placenta-like alkaline phosphatase, were determined on blind-coded serums from 99 women exposed to diethylstilbestrol (DES) in utero and 40 unexposed subjects of comparable age range. Cathepsin B1 averaged 100%, 1040% (P less than 0.001), 2720 % (P less than 0.001), and 4760% (P less than 0.001) of controls in DES-exposed women with no genital tract abnormalities (N = 11), adenosis (N = 68), adenosis with concomitant dysplasia (N = 15), and clear-cell adenocarcinoma (N = 5), respectively. The later two groups also exhibited 0.01). Activities of the other four enzymes in serums of DES-exposed women were unchanged from those controls, suggesting that alterations in CBI were not due to generalized increases in lysosomal membrane instability or other gross cellular damage. In 2 DES-exposed women with clear-cell adenocardinoma, from whom serial samples were available, preoperative levels of serum CBl fell from a mean of 4280% to values indistinguishable from controls by 7--12 days after tumor excision, concurrently with objective signs of remission. Recrudescence of serum CBI levels preceded by at least 3 months clinical evidence of persistent adenosis accompanied by vaginal dysplasia. Although the nature of the increments in CBI-like activity in the majority of subjects with DES-related pathology remains to be determined, the findings may complement present methods of physical diagnosis and prognosis.
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PMID:Elevated serum cathepsin B1 and vaginal pathology after prenatal DES exposure. 70 88

If used properly, colposcopy will increase the scope of anorectal examination. It will allow for more precise diagnosis and early diagnosis of rectal, anal and perianal neoplasis during dysplastic phase. It is accepted today that, in its natural course, neoplastic lesions progress from dysplasia through intraepithelial neoplasia to invasive cancer as an interrelated function of time and immunologic status. If dysplasia and intraepithelial neoplasia is present for ten years prior to invasion, as has been suggested, the use of colposcopy in the younger aged patients could help reduce the incidence of invasive disease later.
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PMID:Colposcopy in anorectal disease. 71 69

Two hundred and fifty patients were examined because of a history of in utero exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) or because of the presence of physical findings suggesting such exposure. One thousand biopsies were examined for the presence of neoplasia and then compared to the colposcopic findings. There were no cases of glandular or squamous cell carcinoma. Fifteen (6 per cent) of the patients had squamous cell dysplasia. The degree of dysplasia was mild in 11 and moderate in only 4 (1.6 per cent) of the women. The majority of the cases of dysplasia involved the cervix, whereas the vagina was involved in only four cases, with simultaneous cervical dysplasia in three of these. Patients with cervical mosaic and white epithelium had dysplasia on biopsy much more frequently as compared with patients with similar colposcopic appearances in the vagina. Our results suggest a low incidence of significant squamous precancerous change in the DES-exposed population and provide evidence that colposcopic data concerning dysplasia pertinent to the cervix cannot be applied without modification to the evaluation of dysplasia in vaginal adenosis.
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PMID:Vaginal and cervical squamous cell dysplasia in women exposed to diethylstilbestrol in utero. 71 53

A case of "adamantinoma" of the tibia is reported. 10 years ago a giant tumor with fibrous dysplasia had been diagnosed in a biopsy taken from the same site of cystic bone changes. These findings may occur as reaction in the periphery of "adamantinomas" of long bones. By this experience the importance was emphasized, to obtain tissue from the center portion of the tumor to include the typical epithelial islets pathognomonic for "adamantinomas", which in our case, were found only 10 years after the first operation. Our patient was treated by curetting and filling of the defect with bony splinters. At this time, 8 months after surgery, he is without complaints and in full use of his diseased leg.
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PMID:["Adamantinoma" of the tibia and reactive bone changes (author's transl)]. 72 24

A case of osteosarcoma of the right mandible is described. The patient had a long-standing fibrous dysplasia (Jaffe & Lichtenstein disease) in that area. The osteosarcoma did not respond to surgical treatment or radiation and continued to grow, causing the death of the patient. This case is of interest because of the correlation between the radiographic image and the 85Sr-uptake on a scintiscan which corresponded exactly to the tumor mass.
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PMID:Correlation between bone scanning and the radiographic image in the diagnosis of osteosarcoma. 80 78

The occurrence of benign tumors and diverticular of the digestive tract was investigated in an autopsy study of a fixed population of 100,000 samples in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. There were 664 benign tumors and 40 diveritcula. Polyps were the most frequent tumor, were found more often in older people, occurred as single pedunculated well-differentiated adenomatous tumors, and most were less than 5 mm in greatest dimension. Larger polyps tended to have more atypism, but none showed definite premalignant change. No transition from benign to malignant polyps was seen. Polyps were found most frequently in the large intestine and in a large number (21%) and, when cancer of the large intestine was present, benign polyps were also found. Far more polyps are found when special intensive search is made for them. Comparison of the occurrence of benign polyps in different geographic areas must be adjusted for age and method of search as well as for other features such as histological type, dysplasia, etc. There was no evidence that the occurrence of benign tumors or diveritcula was related to prior exposure to ionizing radiation.
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PMID:Benign tumors of the digestive tract among atomic bomb survivors, 1961-1970 Hiroshima. 81 53

Sixty-two of 1242 patients with M components were found to have lymphoma. There were 33 patients with immunoglobulin M(IgM), 20 WITH IgG, 5 with IgA, and one patient with Bence Jones protein M components. Three patients had biclonal gammopathy. The types of lymphoma were: lymphocytic, 31; histiocytic, 12; mixed cell, 4; stem cell, 2; Burkitt's, 1; Hodgkin's disease, 9; and unclassified, 3. All patients were in stages III or IV of lymphoma, and the average duration of disease was 29.3 months when M components were detected. Anemia, abnormal peripheral blood lymphocytes, and lymphomatous involvement of the bone marrow were especially common among patients with IgM M components. Osteolytic lesions were found in 12 patients and osteosclerotic lesions in one. A second malignancy occurred in eight patients. The level of M component was below 1.0 gm/dl in 55 per cent of patients. Significant suppression of normal immunoglobulin levels in the serum was noted in 4 and 16 patients with IgG and IgM components, respectively. Bence Jones proteinuria was found in 19 per cent, cryoglobulinemia in 11 per cent, and cold agglutinins, all of anti-i specificity, in 10 per cent of the patients. Most of the M components decreased during therapy. Only two M components gradually increased. The mean survival of 39 patients who died was 10.4 months. The living patients have been followed for a mean period of 21.2 months. The presence of M components in lymphoma may suggest B cell origin of the tumor but the coexistence of plasma cell dyscrasia cannot be ruled out.
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PMID:M components associated with lymphoma: a review of 62 cases. 82 10

Plasmacytomas, indistinguishable histologically from plasma cell tumors arising in bone marrow, occur almost anywhere in the body-usually independently of multiple myeloma. Thus, they represent an isolated area of plasmacytic dyscrasia but occasionally can be the first evidence of multiple myeloma. From 1949 to 1974, six patients with solitary extramedullary plasmacytomas of the larynx were seen at the Mayo Clinic; during this period, approximately 3,100 patients with malignant laryngeal neoplasms were examined. For these six patients, the median age was 53 years (range, 32 to 63 years). The first symptom in five patients was hoarseness (mean duration, nine months). Excision, electrocoagulation, irradiation, or some combination of these constituted effective therapy. Follow-up ranged from 3 to 25 years. The choice of therapy depends on the size, shape, and location of the tumor. Extensive surgery is rarely necessary.
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PMID:Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma of the larynx. 83 44

Pathologic subtrochanteric fracture in a femur rarefied by fibrous dysplasia of bone was successfully treated with condylocephalic nailing and bone grafting. This procedure is recommended not only for traumatic fractures but also for pathologic fractures secondary to bone tumor.
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PMID:Condylocephalic nailing for pathologic subtrochanteric fracture. 85 76


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