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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The therapeutic value of interspersing cyclophosphamide (CPM) chemotherapy and BCG immunotherapy was investigated in two tumor models: L1210 leukemia and Lewis solid tumor (LLT). In the case of L1210 leukemia, the antileukemic effect of CPM was enhanced by subsequent BCG administration where a single cycle of combined treatment was applied; treatment by repeated doses of CPM interspersed with BCG was no more effective than CPM chemotherapy alone. In the case of LLT tumor, the effect of one cycle of combined CPM-BCG treatment was not different from CPM administered alone but treatment by repeated doses of CPM interspersed with BCG immunotherapy was less effective than CPM chemotherapy alone. These results indicate that, while the effect of BCG immunotherapy may be favorable or nil when BCG is applied after cell-reducing chemotherapy, it may be nil or unfavorable when applied repeatedly in interspersed chemoimmunotherapy treatments.
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PMID:Interspersion of cyclophosphamide and BCG in the treatment of L1210 leukemia and Lewis Tumor. 60 38

BALB/C mice were treated with epsilon aminocaproic acid (EACA), 0.1 to 3.2 mg/g body weight, subcutaneously every 24 hours for six days, starting on the second day after intraperitoneal transplantation of L5178Y lymphoma. Complete involution was observed in 20 to 90 per cent of the ascitic tumor and in 50 per cent of the solid tumor 72 hours after EACA was discontinued, tumoral involution and dosage were directly proportional. One hundred per cent of the non treated controls died 10 +/- 0.6 days after intraperitoneal lymphoma transplantation. During tumor involution malignant cells underwent autolysis and were attacked or phagocytized by activated macrophages. Since EACA is a proteolytic enzyme inhibitor, inhibition during treatment and activation of these enzymes after EACA was discontinued could have been the cause of autolysis of the L5178Y lymphoma cells.
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PMID:Autolysis induction of malignant lymphoblasts. 63 55

In continuation of studies on the activity of known solid tumor inhibitors, four acetylated glycosyl derivatives of 1,4-quinones were prepared and tested against Ehrlich ascitic tumor. All four compounds significantly inhibited growth of this neoplasm. UV, IR, and mass spectra are given for the three new synthetic quinone derivatives.
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PMID:Effects of quinone derivatives on an experimental tumor. 64 73

The densities of viable EMT6 cells grown in vitro as monolayer exponential and plateau-phase cells or as multicell spheroids or in vivo as a solid tumor in BALB/c mice were determined with the use of isopyknic centrifugation in linear Ficoll gradients. Exponential cells banded at a density of 1.069 g/ml, whereas plateau-phase cells appeared at 1.073 g/ml. Cells grown as spheroids were more dense than the monolayer cells and were recovered mainly at 1.081. Solid-tumor cells, separated under the same conditions, banded at 1.080. Narrowing the range of the Ficoll gradient failed to resolve more than one band of cells in the solid-tumor separation. This provides evidence that the density of cells obtained from the spheroids is greater than that of the monolayer cells but agrees well with the density of the solid-tumor cells. Ficoll was demonstrated to be nontoxic to the cells, and plating efficiency assays showed similar cell viabilities between noncentrifuged and centrifuged cells. The plating efficiency of the peak fraction of exponential cells after centrifugation was 68%, and that of plateau-phase cells was 50%. Corresponding figures for the multicell spheroid and solid-tumor cells were 62 and 28%, respectively. The recovery of cells after centrifugation in the Ficoll gradients ranged from 62 to 83%. The effects of cell load and centrifugation time on the density distributions of the EMT6 cells were also investigated.
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PMID:Comparison of the densities of clonogenic cells from EMT6 fibrosarcoma monolayer cultures, multicell spheroids, and solid tumors in ficoll density gradients. 64 23

A quantitative model for the assessment of in situ immunity to solid tumor allografts has been developed. Multicellular spheroids of murine EMT6 mammary sarcoma cells were implanted in the peritoneal cavity of normal or specifically alloimmune mice. Damage to spheroids was quantitatively assessed at various times by trypsinizing the recovered spheroids and assaying for surviving EMT6 cells by a cloning technique. In alloimmune mice, significant destruction of spheroids was observed within 24 hr of implantation, and a 99% reduction in the number of clonogenic MT6 cells in spheroids was consistently found after 48 hr. In contrast, little or no cytotoxic effect was observed when spheroids were implanted for 48 hr in nonimmune mice or in mice immunized against unrelated alloantigens. Implantation of spheroids in alloimmune athymic (nu/nu) mice did not result in appreciable spheroid damage as compared with littermate controls. Histological analysis of spheroids taken from alloimmune mice at the time of maximum tumor cell destruction indicated that large numbers of mononuclear cells had infiltrated the spheroid. These results suggests that multicellular spheroids will be a useful model for quantitative studies of the cellular mechanisms responsible for tissue-damaging reactions in vivo.
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PMID:The multicellular spheroid as a model tumor allograft. I. Quantitative assessment of spheroid destruction in alloimmune mice. 64 49

Biological distribution of 103Ru in mice bearing Ehlrich's solid tumor and rats bearing AH-130 solid tumor were studied with two compounds of 103Ru, the chloride and citrate. The radioactivity of 103Ru-chloride showed slower excretion and higher tumor concentration than that of citrate. The tumor-to-muscle ratios of chloride were always higher, but the tumor-to-blood ratios were always lower than those of citrate. No significant difference was founds between 103Ru-chloride and citrate as tumor scanning agents.
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PMID:[103Ru for tumor scanning--a comparative study on tissue distributions of 103Ru-chloride and 103Ru-citrate in tumor-bearing animals (author's transl)]. 67 3

The response of the murine Meth-A fibrosarcoma (a methylcholanthrene-induced tumor) to single and fractionated doses of X-irradiation, actinomycin D chemotherapy, and/or concomitant local tumor hyperthermia was assayed with the use of an in situ method for estimating cell kill within a solid tumor. The cell survival assay was based on a standard curve plotting number of inoculated viable cells (10(1) to 10(7)) with and without radiation (10 kilorads)-inactivated homologous tumor cells (heavily irradiated) versus the time required for i.m. tumors to grow to 1.0 cu cm. The time for post-treatment tumors to grow to 1.0 cu cm was cross-referenced to the standard curve, and the number of surviving cells contributing to tumor regrowth was estimated. The resulting surviving fraction curves closely resemble those obtained with in vitro systems. The advantages and limitations of this technique are discussed as a method for evaluating treatment effectiveness.
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PMID:An in situ method for estimating cell survival in a solid tumor. 67 8

We have tested a series of five maleic anhydride-vinyl ether copolymers of varying molecular weight for antitumor activity against spontaneous, autochthonous murine breast tumors (average initial tumor weight, approximately 200 mg). Four of the five compounds demonstrated statistically significant inhibition of tumor growth at nontoxic doses. (The fifth compound demonstrated antitumor activity only at toxic doses). To our knowledge, this is the first report of significant activity in a spontaneous solid tumor system in a truly therapeutic setting (ie, with systemic administration only after the autochthonous tumors are clinically evident) with immunologic treatment alone.
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PMID:Therapeutic activity of maleic anhydride-vinyl ether copolymers against spontaneous, autochthonous murine mammary tumors. 72 97

The case is that of a 21-year-old female with mediastinal and subcutaneous, tumors composed of sarcomatous growth of poorly differentiated histiocytes defined by enzyme histochemical staining, ultrastructural observation and detection of surface markers. At autopsy neoplastic cells in the solid tumor became less cohesive and pleomorphic with erythrophagia, while features in the lymph node draining from the tumor was compatible with the criteria of malignant histiocytosis. The place where such a sarcomatous variant of malignant histiocytosis should be placed within other histiocytic tumors is discussed and the literature reviewed.
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PMID:Sarcomatous variant of malignant histiocytosis; a case report and review of the literature. 73 27

Based upon the hypothesis that a factor most pertinent to the absence of an effective immune response in cancer is the inadequacy of the antigenic stimulus provided by the neoplasm, either in terms of weak immunogenicity of the tumor antigen or of the necessary antigen mass available to the reticuloendothelial tissues at any one time for effective sensitization, the host immune response capabilities were stimulated within a time frame synchronous with a greater release of tumor antigens. In the treatment of a metastasizing, solid tumor model syngeneic with F344 rats, immunotherapy was most effectively applied in combinations with chemotherapy and/or localized radiotherapy, therapeutic modalities that induced a degree of oncolysis and tumor resorption. Surgery combined with chemotherapy permitted evaluation of therapeutic effects against metastases. The methanol-soluble fraction of Mycobacterium butyricum was used as the nonspecific immunologic adjuvant.
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PMID:Influence of surgery, irradiation, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy on growth of a metastasizing rat mammary adenocarcinoma. 74 2


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