Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Acute renal failure developed in nine of 78 patients who were subjected to hepatic artery ligation for nonresectable and extensive malignant tumor of the liver. Of those nine, six had hepatomas, one cholangiocarcinoma, one metastatic islet-cell carcinoma and one metastatic melanoma. Preoperative renal function as reflected in blood-urea-nitrogen and serum creatinine values was within normal limits. There were marked elevations of serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase and lactic dehydrogenase levels after hepatic artery ligation, an indication of massive ischemic injury of the tumor and the liver. A diagnosis of acute renal failure was established within 14 to 70 hours after hepatic artery ligation. In five patients, oliguric renal failure developed, and in four, high urinary output renal failure. In only three patients did systemic hypotension and hypovolemia precede acute renal failure. Seven of the nine patients died. Postmortem examination was done in five patients, and in only two was there evidence of renal tubular necrosis. The factors contributing to acute renal failure appear to be extensive involvement of the liver by tumor, presence of ascites and jaundice, occlusion of the portal vein and hyperuricemia. The presence of any one of the foregoing contraindicates the procedure.
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PMID:Acute renal failure after ligation of the hepatic artery. 95 59

A 46-year-old man with a known metastatic tumor developed the sudden onset of upgaze paralysis, impaired convergence, eyelid retraction, pupillary light-near dissociation, convergence-retraction nystagmus, and ocular skew deviation in association with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Selective interruption of the posterior commissure by metastatic melanoma provided a precise anatomic correlation of the pretectal syndrome in man.
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PMID:Pretectal syndrome with metastatic malignant melanoma to the posterior commissure. 99 5

The evidence provided by previous studies of malignant melanomas of the choroid has indicated that a small melanoma is most likely a spindle cell tumor, evolving in a relatively benign growth pattern. However, this generalization has not been tested with regard to the small melanomas which can be considered for conservative management. We have studied 264 malignant melanomas of the choroid; 50 of these were designated as small melanomas (less than 10 mm in diameter and 3 mm in elevation). We found a surprisingly large percentage (22.0%) of mixed andepithelioid tumors (considered to be more malignant) in the group of small tumors. In 33 patients with a possible five-year survival, two (6.1%) died of metastases. Of 22 possible ten-year follow-ups, five patients died of metastatic melanoma (22.7%). These deaths occurred in one patient with a spindle cell A melanoma, three with spindle cell B melanomas, and one with a mixed melanoma. All five of these patients were women, and all had posterior pole tumors. No deaths occurred in patients with tumors less than 7 mm in diameter and 2 mm in elevation. The relatively good five-year survival in the patients with smaller melanomas supports the views held by previous authors that small melanomas carry a better prognosis than larger tumors. However, mixed and epithelioid tumors in our series do not seem to have a worse prognosis than spindle cell tumors. Cell type may be of less prognostic significance than tumor size in the case of small melanomas.
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PMID:The natural history of malignant melanoma of the choroid: small vs large tumors. 114 55

A case of spinal cord melanoma at the level of C2 was reported. A 27-year-old house-wife, in the 8th month of an uncomplicated pregnancy, complained of motor weakness and sensory impairment in the left arm. Then, left lower limb and right upper and lower limbs were gradually involved and she suffered from tetraplegia when she was first admitted to our hospital about two months after the beginning of her symptoms. Neurological and roentogenological examination revealed an upper cervical intradural extramedullary tumor, and laminectomy from C1 to C4 was performed. The tumor was totally removed and diagnosed as a melanocytic melanoma histopathologically. Postoperatively, she had complete recovery. In order to exclude the possibility of a metastatic melanoma, the patient was seen in repeated consultations by dermatology, gastro-enterology, otorhinolaryngology, urology and gynecology services. But, there was no evidence of pigmented lesions anywhere, so we considered this case as a primary melanoma of the spinal cord clinically. Finally, a brief discussion about correlation between the melanoma and the pregnancy was added.
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PMID:[Melanoma of the spinal cord in pregnancy (author's transl)]. 123 81

The expression of gamma/delta T cell antigen receptors (TcR) in T cell lines or clones derived from tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) from patients with solid tumors was investigated. gamma/delta TcR T cell lines were derived from TIL from patients with Wilms tumor, sarcoma or metastatic melanoma by stimulation with autologous tumor cells alone and recombinant interleukin 2 and they exhibited nonspecific cytotoxicity against autologous and allogeneic tumor cells, or cells of the K562 or the MEL21 tumor cell lines. Two T cell lines were derived from a patient with Wilms tumor. One of them expressed a non-disulfide-linked gamma/delta TcR using the 60-kDa gamma chain, whereas, the other expressed a disulfide-linked gamma/delta TcR. A T cell line was derived from a patient with sarcoma and expressed a disulfide-linked gamma/delta TcR, whereas, a T cell line derived from a patient with melanoma expressed a non-disulfide-linked gamma chain of 62 kDa. Several T cell clones were developed from patients with metastatic melanoma or Wilms tumor and expressed either disulfide- or non-disulfide-linked gamma/delta TcR. Northern analysis of RNA from certain of these clones revealed a full-length gamma chain transcript, whereas, the alpha or beta chain transcripts were either absent or truncated. These T cell clones exhibited nonspecific cytotoxicity. Both disulfide- and non-disulfide-linked TIL T cell lines and clones expressed the delta TCS1 determinant. gamma/delta TcR+ cells in freshly prepared TIL from these patients were present in low proportions (less than 5%) and their delta TCS1/delta 1 ratios were within the range observed in the peripheral blood of normal donors. These results demonstrate that both disulfide- and non-disulfide-linked gamma/delta TcR are expressed on T cell lines and clones derived from TIL from solid tumors. Non-disulfide-linked gamma/delta TcR using the 56-66-kDa gamma chain are frequently found on TIL-derived T cell lines and clones. These 56-66-kDa gamma chains are rarely expressed on T cell lines or clones derived from peripheral blood lymphocytes of normal donors.
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PMID:Gamma/delta T cell antigen receptors expressed on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from patients with solid tumors. 131 72

A 46-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain, nausea vomiting and abdominal distention. Small bowel x-rays and CT scan of the abdomen revealed small bowel obstruction due to malignant melanoma. The diagnosis of cutaneous melanoma was performed 8 years prior to admission on one lesion in the back. Patient received surgical treatment. Completed resection of an involved jejunal [correction of ileal] segment was performed. Three tumor masses were found at laparotomy. Metastasis from malignant melanoma at the gastrointestinal tract occurs frequently though rarely are these intestinal lesions symptomatic. The efficacy of surgical treatment for symptomatic metastatic melanoma is justified to relief symptoms and prolonged survival.
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PMID:[Symptomatic malignant melanoma of the small intestine]. 134 Nov 16

Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1, CD54), a molecule bound to the cell surface membrane, mediates various cell-cell interactions in inflammation and immunosurveillance. By means of a new specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for soluble ICAM-1, free circulating ICAM-1 was measured in serum from five healthy volunteers, 10 melanoma patients at different stages of their disease, and eight patients receiving high-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) for metastatic melanoma. No correlation between the concentration of circulating ICAM-1 and the tumor burden could be detected. In melanoma patients receiving high-dose IL-2, we observed an increase of circulating ICAM-1 of up to 200%, compared to the concentration prior to therapy, ranging between 4 and 13 ng/ml. The increase in circulating ICAM-1 was associated with the induction of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma.
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PMID:Circulating intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in melanoma patients: induction by interleukin-2 therapy. 135 85

Melanoma represents the single best example of a human tumor that has been shown to elicit specific T-cell reactivity. The responsiveness of some patients with metastatic melanoma to treatment with the prototypic T-cell growth factor (TCGF), interleukin-2 (IL-2), indicates that T cells play a role in antitumor immunity. Interleukin-4 (IL-4), another TCGF that has been administered clinically to humans, was not associated with tumor response in our trials conducted at the Surgery Branch of the National Cancer Institute. Combination trials of IL-2 with IL-4 have shown no increase in responsiveness of melanoma or other tumors when compared to IL-2 alone. However, enhanced expansion of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in vitro has been observed with combinations of low-dose IL-2 and IL-4. We have begun a study evaluating the trafficking of such expanded lymphocytes following their adoptive transfer in association with systemic administration of IL-2 and IL-4. We have established several TIL cultures from fresh tumor samples, maintained them in long-term culture, and marked them with the neomycin phosphotransferase gene using the LNL6 retroviral vector. Such TILs appear to demonstrate no notable alterations in phenotype or cytolytic activity when compared to their nontransduced counterparts. In addition to IL-2 and IL-4, there are a variety of other novel TCGFs that are now available for evaluation in preclinical and clinical trials. IL-7 induces proliferation and lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cell activity from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Use of T-cell growth factors (interleukins 2, 4, 7, 10, and 12) in the evaluation of T-cell reactivity to melanoma. 135 3

A group of 52 patients with malignant uveal melanoma treated by primary enucleation in 1977-1979 was studied to determine the frequency of immunoreactivity for cytokeratins (CK) in primary and metastatic melanoma, the CK types present, and the prognostic significance of CK expression. By immunohistochemistry, monoclonal antibody (MAb) V9 to vimentin reacted with all 52 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded primary tumors and all 31 metastases from 11 patients. MAb CAM 5.2 to CK 8 and 18 reacted with 20 and MAb CY-90 to CK 18 with 25 primary melanomas, whereas MAb KS-B17.2 and MAb CK5 to CK 18 labeled 8 and 6 tumors, respectively. Antibodies to CK 13 and CK 19 each labeled single cells in one specimen, and other CK types were not detected. In 6 primary melanomas, only a few tumor cells were immunopositive for CK 8 and 18, but in 17 cases up to one quarter, and in 2 tumors more than one quarter, of them were labeled. The positive cells were spindle, epithelioid, or intermediate in shape, and tended to be more frequent in mixed than in spindle cell melanomas. MAbs CAM 5.2 and CY-90 did not react with any of the 16 liver metastases, but labeled 7 of 15 other metastases. Metastases were somewhat more common when the primary tumor was immunoreactive for CK 8 and 18, apparently because CKs were more frequent in mixed cell melanomas. Although CK expression is of diagnostic significance and can denote low levels of epithelioid differentiation, it is not an independent prognostic factor in malignant uveal melanoma.
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PMID:An immunohistochemical and prognostic analysis of cytokeratin expression in malignant uveal melanoma. 137 96

Heparan sulphate (HS) and chondroitin sulphate (CS) proteoglycans (PGs) frequently have opposite biologic functions in cell-matrix adhesion as well as in the regulation of cell proliferation. Data revealed that sulphated glycosaminoglycans (sGAGs) (sugar chains of PGs) are differently expressed in tumor cells characterized by different metastatic potential; the more metastatic cells contain a higher HS/CS ratio. As the proliferative capacity of tumor cells is also frequently altered in parallel with their metastatic potential, it was not clear whether observed PG alterations reflect changes in cell proliferation or metastatic potential. The cell-associated PG expression and sGAG biosynthesis was studied in tumor cells of human melanoma lines characterized by different experimental metastatic potential to the mouse liver but similar in vitro/in vivo proliferation rates. Using antibodies against PGs we found different expression of PG epitopes in melanoma lines, except from the melanoma antigen. Unlike the low CSPG (melCSPG) metastatic melanoma cells, the cell line with high metastatic capacity contained a higher proportion of positive cells for surface-HSPG without the coexpression of certain cartilage-type CSPG epitopes (recognized by MAb HSFPG 529) as well as by an increased pericellular HS/CS ratio due to intracellular accumulation/retention of CS. Immunocytochemistry of adherent cells revealed HSPGs at substrate-attached membrane areas only in cases of highly metastatic melanoma cells. These data further support our view that the absolute or relative dominance of HSPGs over CSPGs at the cell surface of metastatic tumor cells can be considered a marker of a more metastatic phenotype.
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PMID:Differential expression of proteoglycans on the surface of human melanoma cells characterized by altered experimental metastatic potential. 137 82


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