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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Herein is reported an ovarian strumal carcinoid in a mature tetratoma from a 54-year-old women. Ultrastructural examination revealed numerous electron-dense intracellular granules, which were intrepreted as neurosecretory granules. They corresponded to argyrophil granules observed by light microscopy and were identified within neoplastic cells arranged in both follicular and trabecular patterns. These findings corroborate the contention that the strumal carcinoid itself is a pure neuroendocrine tumor devoid of thyroid follicular epithelium, but do not disprove its possible origin from parafollicular cells of adjacent teratomatous thyroid tissue. There was no recurrence of tumor during the 20 1/2 years the patient was followed.
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PMID:Strumal carcinoid of the ovary: ultrastructural observations and long-term follow-up study. 63 41

We report the case of a 42 year old man in whom orthotopic liver transplantation was performed successfully for unresectable hepatic metastases of a bronchial carcinoid tumor. Prior to transplantation, somatostatin therapy, pulmonary lobectomy, and systemic chemotherapy (streptozotocin and fluorouracil) were performed. After 9 months there were no signs of clinical or biological recurrence. Orthotopic liver transplantation might be indicated for unresectable and limited liver metastases of neuroendocrine tumor.
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PMID:[Orthotopic liver transplantation for metastases of bronchial carcinoid tumor]. 134 69

Upper gastrointestinal tract neuroendocrine tumors producing predominantly somatostatin have thus far been described only in the duodenum; their characteristic features include the frequent presence of psammoma bodies (psammomatous somatostinomas), and the association with von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis. Gastric neuroendocrine tumors, on the other hand, tend to display immunoreactivity to serotonin but may include small subpopulations producing gastrin, motilin, pancreatic polypeptide, and somatostatin. In this report we describe a neuroendocrine carcinoma of the stomach with rapidly fatal outcome, displaying neurosecretory granules by electron microscopy and immunoreactivity to pan-neuroendocrine markers, ie, chromogranin and neuron-specific enolase. The only neuroendocrine regulatory peptide detected in the tumor was somatostatin, identified by immunohistochemistry in the majority of neoplastic cells. In contrast with duodenal somatostinomas, there were no psammoma bodies and no demonstrable association with von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis. To our knowledge this appears to be the first report of a malignant neuroendocrine tumor with diffuse somatostatin immunoreactivity.
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PMID:Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the stomach with extensive somatostatin immunoreactivity. 135 88

In 77 percent of patients suffering from a malignant carcinoid syndrome, administration of the somatostatin analog, octreotide (SMS 201-995, Sandostatin) induced clinical improvement coupled with a decrease in 24-hour urinary 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA). This finding prompted an evaluation to determine the correlation between the presence of somatostatin receptors in tumor tissue and the response to octreotide in patients with advanced, metastatic, neuroendocrine tumors. In tissues of 31 tumors (20 carcinoid, eight islet-cell carcinoma, three medullary thyroid carcinomas), the presence of somatostatin receptors was analyzed by binding of the somatostatin analog 125I-Tyr3-SMS 201-995 and autoradiography. Receptors were detected in 16 of 20 samples of carcinoid tissues; all but one patient with receptor-positive tumors improved clinically after treatment with octreotide, and the urine 5-HIAA level was reduced a median of 63 percent (range, 39-94 percent) compared to values before treatment. Of the receptor-negative carcinoid patients, only one showed clinical improvement, which was minimal, and there was a negligible reduction in 5-HIAA after octreotide therapy. All eight patients with metastatic islet-cell carcinomas were positive for somatostatin receptors. Symptomatic improvement and a > 50 percent decrease in the level of at least one of the pathologically elevated marker hormones was seen in all eight. None of the three patients with medullary carcinoma of the thyroid had a decrease in calcitonin, and all three were initially somatostatin receptor-negative. We conclude that the presence of somatostatin receptors in malignant neuroendocrine tumor tissue appears to correlate with the response to octreotide therapy. Analysis of somatostatin receptors in malignant neuroendocrine carcinoma tissue should be included in future prospective clinical trials of this synthetic peptide.
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PMID:The presence of somatostatin receptors in malignant neuroendocrine tumor tissue predicts responsiveness to octreotide. 136 90

The authors report a case with a retroperitoneal recurrent malignant non-secretory neuroendocrine tumor. The diagnosis of this rare pathology is based on immunohistochemical and electron microscopic techniques. Due to radio- and chemotherapeutic resistance of the tumor, the therapy has to be surgical. The locoregional recurrent nature of the disease asks for a close clinical and radiological follow-up.
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PMID:[Malignant retroperitoneal paraganglioma. Case report and literature review]. 141 34

Cystic neoplasms of the pancreas are rare tumors with a relatively better prognosis as compared to other pancreatic cancers. They may be mistaken for pseudocysts. Seventeen patients who underwent surgical resection were analyzed. Seventy percent of the patients were females and 76.7% of the tumors were located in the tail of the pancreas. Preoperative diagnosis was made on the basis of ultrasonography and/or computed tomography findings in 60% of patients. Retrospective review of the imaging modalities revealed one or more findings suggestive of cystic neoplasms in 90% of the patients. These included multiloculated cysts, thickened cyst wall, intracystic mass or calcifications, and presence of liver metastasis. All the tumors were completely or partly excised. The final histopathological diagnosis was microcystic adenoma in 2, mucinous cyst adenoma in 1, papillary cystic neoplasm in 3, cystic neuroendocrine tumor in 5, and cystadenocarcinoma in 6. Of the 17 patients, 10 had malignant tumors. Seven patients with benign tumors and 3 patients with malignant tumors are disease free 12-30 months after resection. Cystic neoplasm must always be considered as a possibility when dealing with cystic lesions of the pancreas and a careful evaluation of ultrasonography and computed tomographic scan may give a clue to the diagnosis.
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PMID:Cystic neoplasms of the pancreas: a heterogeneous disorder. 143 55

We report the fine needle aspiration cytology findings in six cases of neuroendocrine tumor of the pancreas. Three cases were from the pancreas, two from hepatic metastases and one from a peripancreatic lymph node metastasis. The cytologic features that permitted a preoperative diagnosis of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor were: a cellular aspirate; numerous isolated cells and irregular, loose, dyshesive cellular aggregates; minimal nuclear pleomorphism; infrequent mitoses; fine, evenly dispersed nuclear chromatin with occasional inconspicuous nucleoli; a scant-moderate amount of granular, amphophilic, well-defined cytoplasm; clustering of tumor cells around segments of capillaries; and rosette formation. The differential diagnosis includes cells derived from normal pancreatic acini, islet cell hyperplasia, acinic cell carcinoma, well-differentiated pancreatic adenocarcinoma, metastatic small cell undifferentiated carcinoma of the lung, pancreatic small cell anaplastic carcinoma and malignant lymphoma. The application of immunocytochemistry to cytologic smears can be easily and reliably performed to confirm the neuroendocrine nature of the tumor and identify the specific type of polypeptide hormone or hormones produced by these tumors. Four aspirates showed immunoreactivity for chromogranin, and one was positive for gastrin. Cells of a lipid-rich neuroendocrine tumor were negative for chromogranin; however, the tissue section contained neuron specific enolase, and neurosecretory granules were demonstrated by electron microscopy.
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PMID:Fine needle aspiration cytology of neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas. A cytologic, immunocytochemical and electron microscopic study. 152 21

Seven adrenal carcinomas and seventeen pheochromocytomas (PHs), two of which were clinically associated with a Cushing's syndrome and one associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia Type II (MEN-II), were investigated immunohistologically with a panel of antibodies against intermediate filament proteins, a proliferation-associated nuclear antigen (Ki-67), neuroendocrine tumor markers, and different hormones on paraffin-embedded tissue sections and, from 19 cases, also on frozen tissue sections. Synaptophysin proved to be the most reliable tumor cell marker on both snap-frozen and paraffin-embedded tissue but, like antibodies against NSE, yielded unspecific stainings in the carcinomas. The two Cushing-associated pheochromocytomas (CaPH) showed the same immunohistological profile as the other PHs, except one chromogranin-negative tumor. Five PHs showed weak reactivity for calcitonin, one for serotonin, and two for a-HCG in small amounts. All PHs lacked other hormone expression, including ACTH. The average growth fraction was small (2.2%) in 13 cases, but 80% of the tumor cells were proliferating in one case of CaPH. Adrenal carcinomas showed only weak or no expression of keratin in one case, a homogenous or droplet, non-filamentous cytoplasmic staining with antibodies against neurofilament in frozen tissue section, and they were completely chromogranin-negative. The average growth fraction was 7.6% in 5 cases.
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PMID:Cushing syndrome-associated pheochromocytoma and adrenal carcinoma. An immunohistological investigation. 162 92

The authors discuss the terminology and classification of all neuroendocrine neoplasms of the larynx. After a review of the relevant literature, they suggest adopting the nomenclature recently recommended by the World Health Organization: carcinoid tumor, atypical carcinoid tumor, small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and paraganglioma. This terminology is easy to apply, clinically meaningful and biologically sound. Carcinoid tumor, atypical carcinoid tumor and small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma are of epithelial origin whereas paraganglioma is of neural type. The authors emphasize that it is inadequate to make a diagnosis of 'neuroendocrine tumor or carcinoma', without its proper qualification.
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PMID:Terminology and classification of neuroendocrine neoplasms of the larynx. 165 27

Neuroendocrine cell carcinoma of the cervix is a virulent tumor associated with an extremely poor prognosis. Even in clinical Stage I disease, there may be subclinical hematogenous and lymphatic metastases with frequent recurrences. Adjuvant postoperative external pelvic radiotherapy has been reported to offer some degree of local control; however, most patients succumb to distant disease. Following radical abdominal hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy, with confirmation of the neuroendocrine tumor by electron microscopy and immunohistochemical staining, two patients were given adjuvant systemic chemotherapy with concurrent pelvic radiotherapy, employing regimens with documented activity against small cell carcinoma of the lung of neuroendocrine origin. Despite severe myelotoxicity and persistent neuropathy, both patients are alive without clinical evidence of disease at 28+ and 47+ months.
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PMID:Adjuvant therapy for neuroendocrine small cell carcinoma of the cervix: review of the literature. 166 Apr 33


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