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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The cell-mediated immune response against a transplantable syngeneic metastatic solid tumor in mice was studied. The immune reactivity of spleen cells from tumor-bearing mice was found to vary during development of the tumor. For about a week after tumor transplantation, the spleen cells were able to protect recipient mice against challenge with tumor cells. Subsequently, the protective activity was replaced by an enhancing activity. Recipient mice that received tumor cells together with spleen cells from mice bearing tumors for about two or three weeks had a higher incidence of tumor takes and larger tumors than controls. This enhancement of tumor development was correlated with the size of the local tumor or metastases in the donors. The enhancing activity was found to be mediated by T lymphocytes and appeared to suppress the protective immune response of the recipients. We devised a system to strengthen the immune response of the host against the development of tumor metastases. In the tumor model used, removal of the local tumor after s.c. transplantation failed to prevent the development of lung metastases and death in most of the mice. However, syngeneic spleen cells which had been sensitized in vitro against tumor cells were found to serve as immunotherapeutic agents. Injection of such spleen cells into mice from which primary tumor implants had been removed surgically led to a markedly increased survival. Spleen cells from both normal and tumor-sensitized donors were effective, but splenocytes from mice bearing large tumors did not reduce metastatic development after sensitization in vitro. Thus, protection against the development of lethal metastases can be achieved with certain types of lymphocytes sensitized in vitro.
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PMID:A syngeneic metastatic tumor model in mice: the natural immune response of the host and its manipulation. 108 80

Two cases of advanced breast cancer treated with a water-salt extract from BCG are presented, showing a positive response -- marked and durable regression of the breast tumor and of the axillar metastases, parallel in the second case with a disappearance of lung metastases.
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PMID:Therapeutic effect of a water-salt extract from BCG in two patients with advanced breast cancer. 109 68

To learn whether tumor metastases can be prevented by the immune system, we developed a model for the treatment of mice with syngeneic lymphocytes sensitized against tumor cells in vitro. Mice were given subcutaneously tumor cells that spontaneously metastasized to the lungs. The tumors developing locally were surgically removed and the mice were inoculated with sensitized lymphocytes 1 day later. Prevention of death by lung metastases was the measure of immunotherapy. Only approximately equal to 30-40 percent of mice receiving control treatment survived, whereas approximately equal to 70 percent survived that received lymphocytes sensitized in vitro against the tumor cells. Hence sensitization of syngeneic lymphocytes against tumor cells in vitro and injection of the lymphocytes into the host after removal of a local tumor prevented the development of lethal metastases.
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PMID:Immunotherapy of lethal metastases by lymphocytes sensitized against tumor cells in vitro. 112 55

The growth and metastasis of sc transplanted Lewis lung carcinoma were inhibited in C57BL/6J mice by treatment with pyran copolymer. The mean volume of the tumors of pyran-treated animals was 15% that of the saline-treated controls at day 33 post transplantation. Thereafter, the carcinomas gradually increased in volume. Pulmonary metastasis was first observed histologically at day 28 after pyran treatment, compared to day 15 after saline administration. All saline-treated animals died by day 48, whereas 70% of those given pyran remained alive. Tumor necrosis was much more extensive in the lesions of pyran-treated mice. Although neutrophils and monocytes, but few lymphocytes, infiltrated the subcutaneous connective tissue above the neoplasms of animals receiving saline, few leukocytes were present in other connective tissue sites around the tumor. In contrast, treatment with pyran was characterized by a shift at an early interval from a predominance of neutrophils to a predominance of histiocytes and some lymphocytes in the connective tissue above and around the subcutaneous tumor. These cells were often closely associated with degenerate-appearing tumor cells. Additionally, activated macrophages removed from the peritoneal cavity of pyran-treated, tumor-bearing mice exhibited nonspecific cytotoxicity for tumor cells in vitro.
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PMID:Histopathology of the host response to Lewis lung carcinoma: modulation by pyran. 115 27

The quantitative ratios of RNA:DNA were followed in a developing transplanted fibrosarcoma in C3H mice and in its lung metastases. There was a significant increase in these ratios in developing tumors originating from cell suspensions (P smaller than 0.001) and a single implanted piece (P smaller than 0.05). No significant change was demonstrated in developing fibrosarcoma originating from two pieces of this tumor (P greater than 0.05) which were implanted simultaneously. When comparing the ratios of RNA and DNA of developing lung metastases to the primary tumors, we found a significantly higher ratio in the metastases (P smaller than 0.001). No significant changes in RNA:DNA ratios were demonstrated in normal proliferating tissues either in physiologic hyperplasia or embryo tissue culture (P greater than 0.05).
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PMID:RNA:DNA ratios in a developing fibrosarcoma and its lung metastases in C3H mice. 117 91

We have studied whether specific immunization administered intraperitoneally can augment the activity of C. parvum (0.25 mg intraperitoneally or intravenously) against intravenously injected cells of a syngeneic fibrosarcoma in C3Hf/Bu mice as expressed by the reduction of pulmonary metastases (nodules, colonies) and/or by the prolongation of the survival of recipients. Combination of specific immunization and C. parvum, applied either before or after IV inoculation of viable tumor cells, was more effective than the single treatments. IV injection of a mixture of heavily irradiated and viable tumor cells gave more tumor nodules in the lungs of normal mice than injection of viable cells alone. The metastasis-enhancing effect of admixed irradiated cells was not found in mice previously treated with C. parvum, and was abolished if the immunostimulant was injected after tumor cells. Generation of lung metastases by IV inoculation of fibrosarcoma cells was reduced in mice already having this tumor in the leg. This concomitant immunity to metastases was increased by treating the recipients with C. parvum, but not with irradiated cells; also, the injection of irradiated cells together with C. parvum did not augment the efficiency of the latter. C. parvum was not as effective in T-cell deprived as in control mice, which suggests that in this system, T-cells are required for optimal anti-tumor activity of this immunostimulant. Specific immunization was not effective in T-cell-deprived mice and did not augment the efficiency of C. parvum.
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PMID:Combination of C. parvum and specific immunization against artificial pulmonary metastases in mice. 118 41

In mice bearing a benzypyrene-induced fibrosarcoma tumor, the survival was determined of intravenously injected tumor cells at various intervals after previous immunization of experimental animals by induction and subsequent excision of a transplanted primary tumor in the soft tissues of the leg. Seven days after induction of a transplanted primary tumor, I.V. tumor cells produced fewer pulmonary metastases in immunized mice than in nonimmunized mice. When tumor cells were inoculated I.V. immediately following amputation of the transplanted primary tumor, the number of pulmonary metastases in the immunized and nonimmunized animals were similar; however, 6 hours, 7 days and 14 days after primary tumor excision, I.V. inoculated tumor cells produced a higher incidence of lung metastases in the immunized than in the nonimmunized mice. This increased survival of I.V. tumor cells following excision of the transplanted primary tumor may have relevance to the development of metastases after eradication of certain primary tumors in humans.
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PMID:Induction of pulmonary metastases in both immune and nonimmune mice. Effect of the removal of a transplanted primary tumor. 120 62

C57BL and BALB/c mice were exposed to fresh cigarette smoke for 7-8 minutes per day for varying periods up to 30 weeks before subcutaneous or intratracheal inoculation of viable tumor cells. The growth rates of subcutaneous tumors in the mice exposed to smoke were significantly higher than those of controls and more lung metastases were noted. Enhanced tumor growth rates in the respiratory tracts of smoke-exposed mice were evidenced by the markedly increased death rates in these animals after the intratracheal inoculation of tumor cells. Increased tumor growth rates in mice that inhaled smoke were assoicated with depressed tumor-specific cytotoxic responses in both spleens and regional lymph nodes. Short-term exposure (10 wk) of mice to cigarette smoke resulted in decreased tumor growth rates concomitant with enhanced cytotoxic responses.
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PMID:Cell-mediated immune responses to transplanted tumors in mice chronically exposed to cigarette smoke. 120 38

A tissue culture cell line was established from an alveologenic lung carcinoma from a C57BL/lcrf-at mouse. The cells can be maintained in a completely defined serum-free medium. Tumors derived from the tissue culture cells grown in serum-free or serum-supplemented medium give rise to lung metastases. The ultrastructure of the tissue culture cells in both media is similar to that of spontaneous or induced alveologenic mouse lung tumors.
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PMID:Metastasizing tumors from serum-supplemented and serum-free cell lines from a C57BL mouse lung tumor. 125 68

This report is of a malignant schwannoma originating in the capsule of the right kidney. Using sonography, nephroangiography, cavography, computer tomography, and bone scanning, metastases in the kidney or a retroperitoneal tumor could be diagnosed. After transperitoneal exploration, the right kidney and mesenteric metastases were removed. Due to tumor infiltration into the liver and tumor masses in the retroperitoneum, only nephrectomy and palliative excision of retroperitoneal metastases were done. Pulmonary metastases developed postoperatively, and the patient died three months after the operation.
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PMID:Malignant schwannoma of kidney capsule. 127 79


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