Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hygroma renalis is an unusual benign tumor of the kidney. Only 24 cases have been reported previously in the world literature; 22 of these patients underwent nephrectomy. Two sisters, with the first known occurrence in siblings, are discussed and the world literature is reviewed. Our first patient underwent nephrectomy for complications of hygroma in the face of a concern for a renal malignancy, but a high index of suspicion for hygroma enabled the second sibling to undergo a less radical operation, with sparing of the renal parenchyma and function. Both patients have been followed up for more than 3 years, with no evidence of recurrence of the neoplasm. Computed tomography was effective in delineating the nature and extent of disease in both patients and was instrumental in allowing conservative management of the second patient. Renal hygroma is a benign neoplasm treated adequately with conservative management and can be identified by its characteristic appearance on computed tomography. Operation should be reserved for the complications of hygroma. When operation is undertaken, resection of the hygroma without nephrectomy is adequate; radical operation is contraindicated in the management of these patients.
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PMID:Hygroma renalis: two cases within a family and a literature review. 154 60

CSF beta-glucuronidase, polyamines and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were analyzed in 16 patients with meningeal carcinomatosis from solid tumor in systemic organs, 27 with benign brain lesions, 18 with primary brain tumors, 14 with metastatic brain tumors and 5 with leptomeningeal dissemination of other malignant diseases. Beta-glucuronidase levels in all cases of meningeal carcinomatosis, meningeal gliomatosis and meningeal lymphoma were higher than 100 micrograms/dl/hr; on the other hand, levels in all cases of benign brain lesions were below 100 micrograms/dl/hr. Levels of beta-glucuronidase and polyamines were not high in the cases with positive cytology after tumor resection. Polyamine levels were below 0.05 nmol/ml in all cases after resection of the metastatic brain tumor. Cystic fluid of malignant tumors showed high levels of beta-glucuronidase and polyamines. On the other hand, the levels of polyamines in the cystic fluid of benign tumor were low, although the levels of beta-glucuronidase were high. Some cases of meningeal carcinomatosis with high levels of serum CEA did not show high levels of CSF CEA. For metastatic brain tumors, the cases with intraparenchymal tumors, especially with dural attachment showed high levels of beta-glucuronidase and CEA preoperatively, but they returned to normal after surgery. In cases of meningeal carcinomatosis treated by intrathecal chemotherapy with methotrexate (MTX) and cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C), CSF beta-glucuronidase reflected the neurological status better than the cell count decreased rapidly following chemotherapy and beta-glucuronidase was considered as a useful CSF marker in cases of meningeal carcinomatosis to monitor the course of the disease. The same situation was observed in CSF CEA and CEA was also considered as a useful marker when CEA levels in CSF are higher than those in serum.
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PMID:Measurements of CSF biochemical tumor markers in patients with meningeal carcinomatosis and brain tumors. 156 Feb 55

Ovarian carcinoma is a silent disease with few symptoms. Early detection of ovarian cancer is difficult. Transvaginal Doppler ultrasound with color flow imaging is a new technique in the evaluation of gynecological diseases. This method was used in the diagnosis of ovarian tumors in 39 women who were treated in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Hospital. Wave forms of the parenchymal tumor arteries or tumor surface arteries were compared by according to the pulsatility index (PI). 1/PI was 0.69 +/- 0.04 in benign tumor and 2.33 +/- 1.36 in malignant tumors (p less than 0.01). When the cutoff value of 1/PI was set at 0.8 (cutoff value of PI: 1.25), the accuracy of diagnosis was 84.6% (33/39). The accuracy of ultrasonographic pattern classification and CA125 were 74.4% (29/39) and 53.8% (21/39), respectively. In 18 tumors with low CA125 (less than 35 U/ml), 5 of 7 malignant tumors (71.4%) had high 1/PI (greater than 0.8), and benign tumor, low 1/PI (less than 0.8) or non-detectable wave forms. This procedure should prove to be useful in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer.
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PMID:[Diagnosis of ovarian tumors by transvaginal Doppler ultrasound with color flow imaging]. 158 86

A benign fibroepithelial and cystic tumor of the seminal vesicle is described in a 63-year-old man. The symptoms, macroscopic appearance, microscopic characteristics, immunophenotype prognosis and complications of this rare benign tumor are discussed, and 9 previously reported cases are reviewed. Several terms have been used to describe benign fibroepithelial tumors of the seminal vesicle. We suggest that the term cystadenoma is the most appropriate.
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PMID:Cystadenoma of the seminal vesicle: case report and literature review. 159 3

"Radiosurgery" is the term for a special concept in radiotherapy. It describes a percutaneous, stereotactically guided irradiation delivering a single high dose with collimated narrow beams. The precise stereotactic localization of the target point and a steep dose gradient outside the target volume allow the administration of high doses to a lesion without damage to adjacent normal tissue. Risk of necrosis, due to a dose volume relationship represents the limits of radiosurgery. Units for radiosurgery were designed at Stockholm using multiple external cobalt-60-gamma sources, at Boston operating with protons of a cyclotron, at Berkeley operating with helium ions accelerated by a synchrocyclotron. An attractive alternative to these complicated and expensive facilities is the use of a modified linear accelerator. At the German Cancer Research Center in Heidelberg such a system was developed and has been available for the treatment of patients since 1984. Though, data of over 100,000 patients with vascular malformations and cancer disease are available worldwide, the indication for this therapy is validated only for a minority of entities. In cases of inoperable arteriovenous malformations favourable results in achieving obliteration range between 60% and 100% were obtained. Median survival for solitary brain metastases with controlled, extracerebral tumor diseases were between nine and twelve months. Up to now, advantages of stereotactic irradiation for benign tumor masses could not be proven. Therefore, randomized trials should be initiated in this field, considering decisive improvements in local tumor control with techniques of microsurgery and fractionated, postoperative radiotherapy during the last few years.
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PMID:[Stereotactic convergent-beam irradiation: its current prospects based on clinical results]. 159 59

In 19 patients with a malignant breast tumor, tumor tissue and blood were taken to determine the eicosanoid profile and platelet aggregation. Values were compared with those of patients with benign tumors (n = 4), or undergoing a mammary reduction (n = 7). Postoperatively, blood was taken as well in order to compare pre- and postoperative values. Eicosanoids were measured in peripheral blood monocytes and mammary tissue by means of HPLC; furthermore, TXA2, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, and PGE2 were determined by RIA. Differences in pre- and postoperative values of cancer patients were seen in plasma RIA values: PGE2 and 6-k-PGF1 alpha were significantly higher preoperatively when compared with postoperatively, however, such differences were seen in the control groups as well. Compared to benign tumor or mammary reduction test material the eicosanoid profile of tissue obtained from malignant mammary tumors showed important differences. Except for PGF2 alpha, HHT and 15-HETE no detectable quantities of eicosanoids were found in the non-tumor material, whereas in the malignant tumor material substantial quantities of a number of eicosanoid metabolites were present. Statistically significant correlations could be established between patient/histopathology data and the results of the platelet aggregation assays, e.g. between menopausal status and ADP aggregation; oestrogen receptor (+/-) and collagen and arachidonic acid aggregation, inflammatory cell infiltration score and arachidonic acid aggregation and fibrosis score and ADP aggregation. The results show that eicosanoid synthesis in material from mammary cancer patients is different from that in benign mammary tissue. The implications, in particular, in relation to future prognosis of the patient, remain obscure.
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PMID:Eicosanoids in breast cancer patients before and after mastectomy. 160 22

Cystadenoma of the seminal vesicle is an extremely rare benign tumor, which to our findings has only been mentioned earlier in seven previous reports. It is a benign and mostly multilocular tumor, thought to originate from embryologic remnants. Preoperative diagnosis is rarely made. Complete extirpation is the correct treatment. We present this first Belgian case with a discussion of imaging techniques, symptomatology, pathology, diagnosis, and treatment.
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PMID:An unusual low-abdominal tumor: cystadenoma of the seminal vesicle. 161 21

Osteochondroma, a benign tumor of bone that may penetrate the skin is rarely recognized by the dermatologist. We report two cases of osteochondroma of the distal phalanges with cutaneous penetration, and discuss the clinical, histologic, and radiographic features that allow rapid identification of this lesion. Furthermore, we emphasize the importance of total tumor excision, including adequate treatment of the underlying bone, to prevent recurrence of the lesion.
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PMID:Subungual osteochondroma. Diagnosis and management. 164 49

Hamartoma of the spleen is a rare benign tumor. Only about 105 cases in English-writing literature were reported after first description by Rokitansky in 1861. We reported one case of asymptomatic splenic hamartoma in Taiwan which was found incidentally by ultrasonographic examination. Ultrasonography of abdomen revealed a slightly hypoechoic and nearly isoechoic tumor mass in the spleen. Computed tomography of the abdomen revealed a well-defined, low-attenuation mass in the spleen, which became isodense after contrast injection. Celiac arteriography and superselective splenic arteriography revealed a hypervascular mass with fine tumor vessels and tumor stains in the spleen. Splenectomy was performed and the microscopic examinations revealed typical red-pulp type hamartoma of the spleen.
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PMID:Hamartoma of spleen: a case report. 165 40

Eight cases were treated by lateral skull base surgery. Three benign tumors (2: paraganglioma, 1: neurinoma) originated from parapharyngeal space and infiltrated into jugular foramen, and five malignant tumors (3: squamous cell carcinoma, 1: adenoid cystic carcinoma, 1: rhabdomyosarcoma) involved the skull base. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging gives information as to whether tumors invaded to cranial bone or not, and also permits deciding surgical procedures. Surgical management of mandibular bone was performed in five cases for complete tumor resection and sufficient surgical view; hemimandibulectomy was carried out in four malignant cases, who simultaneously underwent radical neck dissection, and one benign case underwent mandiblotomy. Ligation of sigmoid sinus was carried out in four cases (1; benign, 3; malignant) to control bleeding from large vessels. The skull base was reconstructed with myocutaneous flaps which were fixed by fibrin tissue adhesive. No significant surgical complications were not noted. There were no recurrence of benign tumor during 8-13 years follow up period. Malignant tumors, except one (rhabdomyosarcoma), had no local recurrence during follow up period (4 months-2 years). We emphasize that the progress in preoperative assessment, as well as in reconstructive surgical techniques, will assure more adequate indication of lateral skull surgery for malignant tumors.
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PMID:[Clinical analysis of eight cases treated with lateral skull base surgery]. 166 77


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