Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Eight cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the anterior mediastinum, most likely derived from the thymus, are presented. Seven were male and one female ranging in age from 39 to 65 years; the average was 55.5 years. There were no cases associated with any paraneoplastic syndromes. They possessed common morphological characteristics. Grossly, the tumors resembled malignant thymoma. Invasion of the lung and metastases to regional lymph nodes were frequent. Often observed microscopically were foci of sharply defined keratinization resembling Hassall's corpuscles, no radial arrangement of tumor cells at the periphery of nests, and broad, fibrotic, or hyalinized stroma. Admixture of a few lymphoid cells and some features transitional to thymoma were also observed in some parts of tumors. However, undoubtedly carcinomatous areas were present in some or large parts of all the tumors, where individual cells possessed a vesicular nucleus and a prominent round nucleolus. These features were distinct from those of bronchogenic squamous cell carcinoma and other thymic tumors, although they appeared to be related to thymoma. Treatment of choice is radical surgery and postoperative radiotherapy, because of relatively high radiosensitivity. Prognosis of patients was relatively good. From analyses of cases it is concluded that squamous cell carcinoma of the thymus should be separated from ordinary thymoma of the epithelial type, and that squamous cell carcinoma involving both the thymus and lungs should be carefully examined for the primary site of growth.
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PMID:Squamous cell carcinoma of the thymus. An analysis of eight cases. 60 73

A series of 43 patients with thymoma was reviewed. The patients were classified with respect to some factors of prognostic significance. The tumors were reclassified histologically, and a staging system with three defined stage-groups was applied to the series on the basis of operative findings and histological examination of surgical specimens. Surgical-pathological staging is of high prognostic and therapeutic importance in thymomas. Complete removal of the tumor was possible in the 25 patients with stage I or II disease and in 14 of the 18 patients with stage III tumors. Pleural metastases were observed in half of the patients with stage III disease. Even patients with extensive local spread or pleural metastases were subject to tumor resection. The treatment of choice is radical resection along in stage I; radical extirpation and, if indicated, postoperative radiotherapy in stage II; and radical resection whenever possible, even in cases of pleural spread, in stage III, with postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Myasthenia gravis is an indication rather than a contraindication to radical treatment of thymoma, although some patients may deterioratte. The importance of total thymectomy is stressed.
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PMID:Tumors of the thymus and thymic region: I. Clinicopathological studies on thymomas. 62 43

Chest scanning with 75Se-selenomethionine was performed in 59 cases of mediastinal diseases. All cases of vascular diseases, cystic tumors, and benign neurogenic tumor were negatively scanned. Parenchymatous teratoma, thymoma, malignant lymphoma, Castleman's tumor, epithelial tumors, tuberculous lymphadenitis, and sarcoidosis showed high positive rates. In myasthenic thymus without thymoma two out of 15 cases were positive. The scan images of the resected specimens and preoperative chest scannings coincided.
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PMID:75Se-selenomethionine scintigraphy in mediastinal diseases. 63 38

Among 92 dairy goats, mainly of Saanen breeding, necropsied during studies on slow viral diseases, 17 (25.3%) of 67 over 2 years old had thymoma. Ten were females and seven were castrated males. In none was the thymoma accompanied by clinical signs attributable to it. Except for one at the thoracic inlet, all tumors were in the cranial mediastinal cavity. Encapsulated and sometimes cystic, they varied from a 2-centimeter nodule to a smoothly bosselated 10x8x8-centimeter mass weighing 300 grams. Although they were composed of lymphocytes and epithelial cells, small lymphocytes predominated in 16. One was predominantly epithelial. Hassall's corpuscles and myoid cells were seen in all tumors. In 12 tumors, small veins were encircled by spaces that varied from empty clefts to wide, fluid-filled cavities. The high prevalence of thymoma in these goats supports previous reports that this tumor occurs more often in Capra hircus than in other domestic animals. It may be one of the more common neoplasms in older goats.
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PMID:High prevalence of thymoma in the dairy goat. Report of seventeen cases. 66 84

From 1975 to 1977 42 patients with advanced solid tumours were treated with imidazole-carboxamide (DTIC). It was applied in 18 cases as monotherapy: in the remaining patients it was administered in combination with other cytostatic agents. Tumour remission was recorded in 4/22 patients with melanoma, 2/2 with Kaposi sarcoma and 2/7 with soft tissue sarcoma. No change in tumour behaviour was recorded in 6/22 melanomas, 2/7 soft tissue sarcomas, 1/7 head and neck tumours and 1/1 thymoma. Side effects of DTIC monotherapy were comparably low. The optimum dosage and frequency of DTIC therapy have not yet been established. Combinations with other cytostatic agents are still being tested.
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PMID:[DTIC in the therapy of solid tumours (author's transl)]. 74 53

We investigated by molecular hybridization whether T cells contain RNA sequences homologous to RNA which codes for immunoglobulin kappa-chain (k-chain). A radioactive probe of complementary DNA (cDNA) was prepared by transcription of purified k-chain mRNA from mouse myeloma MOPC-41 with reverse transcriptase (RNA-dependent-DNA nucleotidyltransferase) from avian myeloblastosis virus. The cDNA probably corresponded only to the constant region and 3'-terminus of k-chain mRNA. Kappa-chain cDNA was found to hybridize efficiently with RNA from both thymus cells and an established culture of thymoma cells. The thymus and thymoma cells contained 99.8% and 100% theta-positive cells, respectively. Quantitatively the average thymus T cell (thymus derived lymphocyte) contained about one half as much k-chain mRNA as the average spleen B cell ("bursa" dependent lymphocyte), whereas the thymoma cells contained only 1/33 as much. Control hybridizations of k-chain cDNA with myeloma and liver RNA support the conclusion that T cells in the thymus and in the thymoma cell line synthesize k-chain mRNA-like molecules. The thermal stability of hybrids of k-chain cDNA with RNA from spleen, thymus, thymoma, and another k-chain producing myeloma tumor was lower than that with MOPC-41 RNA. This finding may be due to the existence of several slightly different ck genes in the mouse as suggested by various control experiments.
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PMID:Sequences related to immunoglobulin kappa chain messenger RNA in T cells. 82 Oct 55

From 1965 to 1973, 82 patients were operated on for mediastinal tumor. 42.7% of them were incidental radiological findings. Preoperatively, 66% of the mediastinal tumors were not morphologically confirmed. The lethality of the operation was 1.22%. Thymomas (29.3%) were the most frequent findings. 34.2% were malignant. While most patients with benign mediastinal tumors are cured by the operation, the 5 year survival rate for those with malignant tumors was 22%. Further special investigative procedures should only follow a guiding survey radiography in two planes if they can be expected to provide essential information on operability, operational tactics and approach.
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PMID:[The diagnosis and therapy of mediastinal tumors (author's transl)]. 82 21

Fifty-eight patients with myasthenia gravis, including 12 children, underwent thymectomy. Eleven of them (19%) had total stable remission and 42 (72%) showed clinical improvement and were able to reduce their anticholinesterase medication. These two groups combined comprised 53 patients (91%). There was no operative or postoperative mortality. Histopathological examination of the resected thymuses revealed a tumor (benign thymoma) in 4 patients (7%), thymitis in 36(62%), and no pathological changes in 18(31%). Patients with few or no germinal centers tended to achieve remission more rapidly than those with numerous germinal centers.
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PMID:Transcervical thymectomy with the aid of mediastinoscopy for myasthenia gravis: eight years' experience. 84 46

Angiography of the internal mammary artery was performed in 30 patients with suspected tumors in the anterior mediastinum. In 3 patients, thymic venography was also performed. In 13 lymphoepithelial thymomas, a smooth outline with the arteries penetrating the periphery of the tumor was demonstrated. Frequently, neovascularity but never encasement of large arteries or arteriovenous (AV) shunting was exhibited. In the lymphoepithelial thymomas of the cell-rich type, the accumulation of contrast medium and neovascularity were pronounced. This type of thymoma may possibly be locally more invasive than others. In carcinomas, the arteries penetrated the tumor and AV shunting was common. Arteriography was superior to venography in the few patients in whom both examinations were performed. Angiographically, it should be possible to differentiate thymomas from carcinomas.
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PMID:The angiographic appearance of thymic tumors. 86 56

In order to quantify the lymphocyte to epithelial cell ratio (L/E ratio of the thymoma, actual counting was performed. The L/E ratio was investigated in 25 specimens of 22 cases (22 initial tumors and 3 recurrent tumors). L/E ratios ranged from 0.27 to 4.10, and the mean value was 1.93 +/- 0.21. The mean L/E ratio of histologically malignant group was lower than that of the benign group. In the three recurrent cases, L/E ratios of the recurrent tumor decreased in all cases. It was concluded that the epithelial element increases with the adva
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PMID:Study on the ratio of lymphocytes to epithelial cells in thymoma. 90 40


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