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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cytological studies of the bone marrow, peripheral blood leucoconcentrate and impressions of the removed tumor were made in 20 patients with benign and malignant thymoma. A number of differential-diagnostic signs was obtained.
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PMID:[Cytological changes in the tumor, bone marrow and leukoconcentrate of peripheral blood in thymus neoplasms]. 33 73

Surgical treatment was attempted in a 71-year-old man who had superior vena caval syndrome caused by incomplete obstruction of the superior vena cava with a thymoma. Using a temporary internal shunt, the superior vena cava was almost entirely resected together with the tumor and reconstructed by autogenous venous grafts. Patency of the reconstructed vein was proved by angiography one year after the operation. He has been asymptomatic for 15 months after surgery.
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PMID:Reconstruction of the superior vena cava in a patient with a thymoma. 34 Jan 62

Although the term thymic hyperplasia is used most commonly to indicate the occurrence of germinal centers in the thymus, cognizance must be taken of the fact that such centers may occur in apparently normal thymuses in both children and adults. A concept of thymic compartmentalization is proposed with origin of germinal centers in the perivascular space (extraparenchymal compartment) of the thymus. These germinal centers contain a high percentage of B lymphocytes in contrast to the true thymic parenchyma. Although the significance of germinal centers in the thymus parenchyma. Although the significance of germinal centers in the thymus in myasthenia gravis remains controversial, removal of nonneoplastic thymus in this condition is of proven therapeutic value. A variety of neoplasms originating in the thymus have previously been lumped together under the single term "thymoma." It is apparent, however, that thymoma, thymic carcinoid, various lymphomas, and germ cell tumors that arise in the thymus differ not only pathologically but also in their clinical behavior. Thymoma is regarded as an epithelial neoplasm and ultrastucturally is characterized by many desmosomes and tonofilaments. The lymphocytes do not behave in a malignant manner, and lymphomas of the thymus should be sharply separated from true thymoma. Poorly differentiated thymic carcinoma and histiocytic lymphoma may be distinguishable only by the electron microscopic demonstration of desmosomes and filaments in the thymic carcinoma. The evidence that Hodgkin's disease of the thymus ("granulomatous thymoma") is not a variant of thymoma appears overwhelming. Lymphoblastic lymphoma of the thymus is a distinctive neoplasm that is especially prevalent in teenage males. High levels of terminal transferase characterize the lymphoblasts and there is a striking tendency for leukemia to occur. Thymic carcinoid is usually nonfunctional, although one-third of the reported cases are associated with Cushing's syndrome. On light microscopy a ribbon pattern and punctate necroses are characteristic of thymic carcinoids. Electron microscopic demonstration of many dense core granules is invaluable in establishing this diagnosis. An important clue to the diagnosis of thymic seminoma (a neoplasm that shows the same radiosensitivity as its testicular counterpart) is the frequent presence of epithelioid and giant cell granulomas and germinal centers. Separation of the various thymic neoplasms described not only is justifiable on pathologic grounds but is often essential for appropriate patient investigation and treatment.
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PMID:Thymic hyperplasia and neoplasia: a review of current concepts. 36 41

Malignant thymoma is a relatively rare condition and a review of the literature reveals approximately 100 reported cases. Only a small percentage of these have been treated with megavoltage radiation therapy; therefore, it is difficult to find the necessary information to establish a proper time-dose relationship for treatment. This report deals with the radiation therapy and survival data concerning nine patients treated for malignant thymoma during a ten year period at the Medical University of South Carolina. Megavoltage irradiation in the dose range of 3500-4800 rads was employed in all patients. All gross tumor was completely resected in only three patients, two had a biopsy only, and the remaining four had subtotal resections. Local tumor control has been 100% with the average follow-up being 5.5 years and a minimum of 30 months. Three patients are dead; one from intercurrent disease, one from myasthenia gravis, and one from radiation injury to the spinal cord. One patient is alive with metastatic disease controlled by chemotherapy. The technique of radiation therapy is outlined, as well as suggested treatment policy.
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PMID:Radition therpay control of nine patients with malignant thymoma. 41 30

The authors have analysed the data of clinical and pathoanatomical (biopsy) investigations in 41 patients, operated upon for the true tumor of the thymus (thymoma) without any signs of malignant miasthenia. Based on the literature materials and personal observations, it is considered necessary to provide for a rational clinico-anatomical classification of thymomas, which may allow certain prognostication of the results of surgical treatment. An attempt is made to work out a preliminary uniform working scheme of the histological nomenclature for thymomas.
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PMID:[Classification of tumors of the thymus gland]. 42 94

Asymptomatic myasthenia gravis firstly manifested as total paralysis in patients submitted to a surgical procedure should be considered extremely rare. Two cases of latent myasthenia gravis manifested after thoracotomy for removal of mediastinal tumor are reported. Prolonged apnoea and need for postoperative mechanical support of respiration was most likely due to non-depolarizing relaxants administration. In both cases edrophonium test was positive and the histology of the tumor showed thymoma. The further recovery after pyridostigmine treatment was uneventful for both patients.
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PMID:Asymptomatic myasthenia gravis manifested after removal of mediastinal tumors. Report of two cases. 48 88

An analysis is presented of the treatment of 103 patients with thymoma, 56 with myasthenia gravis and 47 without. In a 1966 report on the first 63 patients, it was stated that the presence of myasthenia and the finding of local tumor invasion at operation were ominous prognostic indicators. The augmented series suggests that myasthenia no longer carries this stigma, possibly because of improved methods in its management in patients who have undergone operation.
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PMID:Thymoma: a continuing survey at the Massachusetts General Hospital. 48 26

In 54 patients with thymoma, the factors having the greatest bearing on prognosis were presence or absence of gross tumor invasion or an associated clinical syndrome of myasthenia gravis, anemia due to erythrocytic hypoplasia or hypogammaglobulinemia. Of 17 patients with invasive tumors, 14 were either dead of tumor or living with disease, while 34 of 37 patients with encapsulated tumors were either living or dead of other causes without evidence of neoplasm. A clinical syndrome associated with thymoma was present in 15 patients. Thymectomy appeared to have little if any effect on the syndrome; in three instances the syndrome appeared after removal of the thymoma. Analysis of the histological findings, including type of epithelium, degree of lymphocytic infiltration and presence of other patterns such as rosettes, perivascular spaces and germinal centers, showed that there was no consistent relationship between the microscopic appearance of thymomas and their clinical behavior. Knowledge of the striking variations in histopathologic features is necessary in differential diagnosis.
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PMID:Thymoma. A clinicopathologic study of 54 cases. 53 53

In 42 cases of myasthenia gravis with thymoma, the tumor was removed surgically. In four of these cases, myasthenic symptoms had remitted before operation. However, in two of these four cases, myasthenic symptoms returned after operation, despite apparently total thymectomy. In two of the four cases that remitted before operation, the thymus was found to be highly involuted, without germinal centers; in another case, the thymus was found to be moderately involuted, and germinal centers were found. In the nonrelapsing cases, only the tumor itself was removed, with residual thymic tissue being left behind. The thymoma in all cases consisted of polygonal epithelial cells and lymphocytes.
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PMID:Spontaneous remission of myasthenia gravis in patients with thymoma. 56 88

A case or primary poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma of the ileum in a patient previously found to have an epithelial thymoma is described. While the frequency of malignancies of many types is increased in patients with thymoma, malignant lymphomas represent the most commonly associated tumor type. Lymphomas in these patients may devleop as a result of defective immunologic surveillance, impaired immunoregulation in partially immuno-deficient hosts, or by immunostimulation. The intestinal origin of the tumor in this case suggests that it may have developed as a result of local stimulation of lymphoid tissues by an antigen or antigens present in the intestinal contents.
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PMID:Thymoma and primary lymphoma of the small intestine. 57 91


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