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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Current chemotherapy of malignant brain tumor bases on cell kinetics. Chemotherapeutic agents are devided into two, cell cycle specific (CCS) and cell cycle non specific (CCNS) agents. A case of malignant glioma successfully treated by chemo-radiotherapy using a new combination of the two agents , Carboquone (CQ) as CCNS, which has not appeared in literature, and FT-207 as CCS is reported. A malignant glioma in the right frontal lobe in a case of 51-year-old male was removed subtotaly on Dec. 10th, 1971 in our clinic. Three years and five months after the surgery, the patient was diagnosed as having a recurred malignant glioma in the left frontal lobe from the clinical symptoms. This was supported by a positive brain scan and carotid angiography. A total dose of 57mg of CQ was continuously into the left internal carotid artery during two months. Simultaneously, 16g of FT-207 as a total dose was given orally and 4,550 rads of Telecobalt-60 were irradiated. One month after the beginning of these treatments, clinical symptoms improved obviously. Four months later, the size of the tumor shadow on the brain scan decreased remarkably and the shifted anterior cerebral artery returned to normal position on the carotid angiogram. Anemia, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, nausea, and anorexia were the side-effects of these treatments. But these complications disappeared six weeks after the termination of the treatments.
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PMID:[Regression of a recurrent malignant glioma by combined chemoradiotherapy utilizing carboquone, FT-207 and telecobalt--report of a case (author's transl)]. 33 Nov 31

Piperazinedione given iv once every 3-4 weeks at a starting dose of 9-12 mg/m2 (4.5-12 mg/m2 for patients with myeloma) was evaluated in a Southwest Oncology Group phase II study for patients with far-advanced refractory lymphoma or multiple myeloma. Among 36 patients fully evaluable for tumor response (adequate trial), partial responses were observed in five (71%) of seven patients with Hodgkin's disease, in three (19%) of 16 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and in none of 13 patients with multiple myeloma. Response was observed by the time of the second (five patients) or third (three patients) course. The median duration of response was 3.7 months (range, 1-17+ months). The dose-limiting toxic effects were hematologic, with 18 (50%) of 36 patients evaluable for toxicity experiencing severe leukopenia (wbc count less than 2000/mm3) and 22 (61%) experiencing severe thrombocytopenia (platelet count less than 50,000/mm3). Twenty patients had a decrease from their pretreatment hemoglobin level of greater than or equal to 2 g/100 ml. Hematologic toxic effects were often unpredictable and in several patients quite prolonged. This study indicates that piperazinedione had definite antitumor activity in patients with Hodgkin's disease and further trials in this disease using the drug at a reduced dose in combination with other effective drugs appear warranted.
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PMID:Phase II trial of piperazinedione in Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and multiple myeloma: a Southwest Oncology Group study. 34 32

Karminomycin was used for the treatment of cases with disseminated cancer of the mammary gland in doses of 5 mg/m2 of the body surface intravenously every day for 5 days (15 patients) or 6 mg/m2 twice a week for 2-3 weeks (30 patients). Partial remission or diminution of the tumor size at least by 50 per cent was observed in 26 and 17 per cent of the patients respectively. The remission duration was from 2 to 6 months. With the use of the shortperiod scheme the frequency of the direct side reactions increased. Leucopenia as a side effect was registered in 100 and 40 per cent of the patients and thrombocytopenia was registered in 18 and 3 per cent of the cases respectively.
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PMID:[Carminomycin study in breast cancer]. 35 Jan 45

A controlled, prospective, randomized study evaluated the use of 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) and/or radiotherapy in the treatment of patients who were operated on and had histological confirmation of anaplastic glioma. A total of 303 patients were randomized into this study, of whom 222 (73%) were within the Valid Study Group (VSG), having met the protocol criteria of neuropathology, corticosteroid control, and therapeutic approach. Patients were divided into four random groups, and received BCNU (80 mg/sq m/day on 3 successive days every 6 to 8 weeks), and/or radiotherapy (5000 to 6000 rads to the whole brain through bilateral opposing ports), or best conventional care but no chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Analysis was performed on all patients who received any amount of therapy (VSG) and on the Adequately Treated Group (ATG), who had received 5000 or more rads radiotherapy, two or more courses of chemotherapy, and had a minimum survival of 8 or more weeks (the interval that would have been required to have received either the radiotherapy or chemotherapy). Median survival of patients in the VSG was, best conventional care: 14 weeks (ATG: 17.0 weeks); BCNU: 18.5 weeks (ATG: 25.0 weeks); radiotherapy: 35 weeks (ATG: 37.5 weeks); and BCNU plus radiotherapy: 34.5 weeks (ATG: 40.5 weeks). All therapeutic modalities showed some statistical superiority compared to best conventional care. There was no significant difference between the four groups in relation to age distribution, sex, location of tumor, diagnosis, tumor characteristics, signs or symptoms, or the amount of corticosteroid used. An analysis of prognostic factors indicates that the initial performance status (Karnofsky rating), age, the use of only a surgical biopsy, parietal location, the presence of seizures, or the involvement of cranial nerves II, III, IV, and VI are all of significance. Toxicity included acceptable, reversible thrombocytopenia and leukopenia.
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PMID:Evaluation of BCNU and/or radiotherapy in the treatment of anaplastic gliomas. A cooperative clinical trial. 35 4

Methanesulfonamide, N-[4-(9-acridinylamino)-30methoxyphenyl]-(NSC-249992), an acridine derivative with significant antitumor activity in animal tumor systems, was administered to 29 patients in a phase I clinical trial. The dose ranged from 10 to 160 mg/m2 with a single dose given every 28 days. The toxic effects included moderate to severe leukopenia and mild thrombocytopenia. Myelosuppression was more severe in patients with prior whole abdominal or pelvic radiotherapy. Superficial phlebitis occurred when the drug was diluted in a volume of less than 500 ml of 5% dextrose in water. Antitumor activity was detected in one patient with ovarian carcinoma. Phase II studies are indicated with this compound since it has reproducible and reversible toxicity with some evidence of antitumor activity. The starting dose of the drug for phase II trials should be 120 mg/m2 as a single iv dose repeated at 4-week intervals.
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PMID:Phase I study of methanesulfonamide, N-[4-(9-acridinylamino)-3-methoxyphenyl]-(m-AMSA) using a single-dose schedule. 36 Dec 22

The case of an infant born in association with a large chorioangioma of the placenta is presented. The maternal complications of polyhydramnios, preeclampsia, and premature labor are those described in the "syndrome" of a chorioangioma. The immediate neonatal course was unusually complicated by severe microangiopathic anemia with persistent thrombocytopenia and hemolysis which required three exchange blood transfusions. The relationship between the neonatal complications and the placental tumor is discussed in terms of possible pathophysiologic mechanisms.
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PMID:Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia in a neonate associated with a large placental chorioangioma. 36 67

Four cases of hepatic angiosarcoma are reported with a review of 99 other cases in the English literature. Angiosarcoma of the liver is associated with chronic exposure to thorotrast, vinyl chloride, arsenicals, radium and possibly copper and with chronic idiopathic hemochromatosis. Although 40% of patients have hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis at autopsy, the nature of the association between chronic liver disease and hepatic angiosarcoma is unknown. The clinical presentation of hepatic angiosarcoma is nonspecific with abdominal pain, weakness and weight loss common complaints and with hepatomegaly, ascites and jaundice common findings. Liver function tests are usually abnormal but there is no one liver function test or set of tests specific for the tumor. The occurrence of thrombocytopenia and disseminated intravascular coagulation is characteristic of hepatic angiosarcoma and may be related to local consumption of clotting factors and formed blood elements in the tumor. Catastrophic intraabdominal bleeding is also characteristic and occurs in one-fourth of all cases. This complication is likely related to the high incidence of clotting abnormalities and the vascular nature of the neoplasm. Selective hepatic arteriogram and open liver biopsy are the foundations of diagnostic evaluation. Percutaneous liver biopsy should be avoided. Failure to appreciate the possibility of hepatic angiosarcoma in the proper clinical setting, leading to blind percutaneous biopsy, may result in failure to make the diagnosis at the cost of significant morbidity and mortality. Survival of patients with hepatic angiosarcoma is brief; only 3% live longer than 2 years. Treatment of the tumor to date is empirical. There are probably a few patients who might benefit from radical surgery with curative intent. For all others chemotherapy is indicated. Adriamycin is active against hepatic angiosarcoma, but optimal dose and mode of administration require further investigation. Further study is also required to delineate the cause of hepatic angiosarcoma in the 60% of cases without definite epidemiologic association.
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PMID:The clinical features of hepatic angiosarcoma: a report of four cases and a review of the English literature. 36 8

DDMP, a diaminopyrimidine folate antagonist, was given to 26 tumor patients in a dosage of 50 mg/m2 per week orally, simultaneously with 3 mg CF i.m. or i.v. The CF dose was increased to 30 mg in patients showing evidence of toxicity, and withdrawn in the absence of toxicity. The dose-limiting toxicity was seen in myelosuppression, particularly thrombopenia and skin rashes. At the 3 mg CF level, 18 out of 26 patients developed toxicity. No toxicity was seen at the 30 mg CF level in 11 patients. After cessation of CF, toxicity occurred in five out of seven patients. After the onset of toxicity, CF was added as a delayed rescue, in a dosage of 15 mg every 8 h or 30-60 mg daily. One patient died of sepsis with agranulocytosis. All other patients recovered from myelosuppression within 1 or 2 weeks. Objective responses were observed in seven patients, four of the ten with epidermoid cancer of the head and neck, two out of eight with epidermoid cancer of the lung, and one out of three with melanoma.
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PMID:Initial clinical experience with a simultaneous combination of 2,4-diamino-5(3',4'-dichlorophenyl)-6-methylpyrimidine (DDMP) with folinic acid. 37 10

This is the first documented congenital retroperitoneal hemangioendothelioma. The patient presented at birth with a retroperitoneal mass and thrombocytopenia. Postmortem examination revealed the tumor to be a hemangioendothelioma, arising from the posterior abdominal wall. The association of an angiomatous tumor will thrombocytopenia represents the Kasabach-Merritt syndrome.
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PMID:Congenital retroperitoneal hemangioendothelioma with Kasabach-Merritt syndrome. 42 6

Leukemic reticuloendotheliosis, or "hairy cell leukemia," is a neoplasm of the reticuloendothelial system. It is characterized by the presence of many "hairy cells" in blood, marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen; by anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and often, by massive splenomegaly. Three such patients with spontaneous rupture and one patient with multiple infarctions of the spleen all had spleens which were large, congested, and diffusely infiltrated by "hairy cells." The lacerations in all three ruptured spleens were located in areas of extensive infarction. Indications for splenectomy in this disease include hypersplenism, severe cytopenia, hemodilution, splenomegaly with severe pressure symptoms, massive splenomegaly, rupture, or infarction.
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PMID:Spontaneous rupture of spleen in leukemic reticuloendotheliosis. 42 89


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