Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A transplantable mouse testicular teratoma (OTT 6050) which displays a spectrum of neuroepithelial differentiation was evaluated biochemically for concentrations of cyclic AMP (cAMP), serotonin (5-HT), and enzymes involved in the metabolism of the biogenic amines and acetylcholine. These values were compared between teratomas with neuroepithelial differentiation as the major or minor component and brains of neonatal and adult mice of related strains. cAMP, 5-HT, tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH), aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) and monoamine oxidase (MAO) were present. In addition, enzymes of the adrenergic system, i.e. tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH), and of the cholinergic system, i.e. choline acetyltransferase and acetylcholinesterase, were studied. Biochemical differences in tumor groups probably reflected variations in the proportion of neuroepithelial components: trends suggested an increase of cAMP and an increased activity of TPH, AADC, TH and DBH in tumors with increased proportions of neuroepithelial cells. These findings indicate that the neuroepithelial component of the mouse teratoma may serve as a model for the study of neuronal differentiation in primitive neuroepithelial neoplasms.
 ...
PMID:Neurochemical studies in a mouse teratoma with neuroepithelial differentiation. Presence of cyclic AMP, serotonin and enzymes of the serotonergic, adrenergic and cholinergic systems. 0 Nov 40

Normal mouse sera contain naturally occurring antibodies that are cytotoxic in the presence of rabbit complement for NB1, a cell line derived from a neuroblastoma adrenal metastasis of a spontaneous ovarian teratoma. The anti-NB1 antibodies can be specifically removed from normal mouse sera by absorption of the sera with homogenized brain tissue of mouse, rat, guinea pig, chicken, and man and by homogenized kidney tissue of mouse and man. The antigen recognized by anti-NB1 naturally occurring autoantibodies, designated mouse brain antigen-2 (MBA-2), is not present on other normal tissues or tumor cell lines tested. MBA-2 is distinct from previously described mouse brain antigens.
 ...
PMID:Interspecies brain antigen detected by naturally occurring mouse anti-brain autoantibody. 4 48

The C and oxyphil cells of the human thyroid are analyzed in the light of recent advances in cellular biology, cytochemistry, and histopathology. The C cell is present in the normal human thyroid, where its identification is cardinally by means of argyrophilic cytoplasmic granules. The morphology, topography and argyrophilia of C cells are discussed with reference to tumor, cyst, and teratoma formation in the thyroid gland. Oxyphil cells of the thyroid are cytochemically akin to C cells but arise from follicular cells. They occur in the thyroid and other protein-producing organs, but are themselves inefficient producers of proteins and glycoproteins. Speculation is made on their morphological characteristics, and consideration is given to DNA-RNA involvement in the functional and morphological alterations of this follicular cell type.
 ...
PMID:The oxyphil and C cells of the human thyroid gland. A cytochemical and histopathologic review. 5 94

Quantitative serial serum measurements of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels using sensitive double-antibody radioimmunoassays were performed in nine patients with germinal cell tumors before and during treatment. The sera of eight of the nine were found to have a hCG marker and five of the nine an AFP marker. The sera of four patients were found to have both. Serial serum levels of hCG, of AFP, or both were useful for monitoring disease activity during therapy in all nine patients. In two patients tumor masses failed to diminish during chemotherapy, but the tumor markers fell appropriately. At surgery one patient had a mature teratoma, the other a mature teratoma with a microscopic focus of an embryonal cell tumor. In one patient tumor reactivation was reflected by the emergence of only one of two previously elevated tumor markers. One patient had a rise in hCG, another a rise in both markers coincident with recurrence of tumor. Serial measurements of AFP and hCG are useful for following the response to therapy of germinal tumors, and can assist in making therapeutic decisions.
 ...
PMID:The value of serial measurement of both human chorionic gonadotropin and alpha-fetoprotein for monitoring germinal cell tumors. 5 99

The slices of testicular tumors isolated from patients with high serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels were cultivated in vitro, and the synthesis of some serum proteins, including AFP, was demonstrated. The tumors were produced from yolk sac in rats by fetectomy. The tumors consisted of the various histological structures, such as of teratoma, yolk sac tumor, and very immature tumor. The tumors with yolk sac histology were able to produce AFP. The tumors induced in rats were transplantable, but the well-differentiated histology disappeared after transplantation. The capacity of AFP synthesis in transplanted tumors seemed to be maintained for generations in female rats but not in male rats.
 ...
PMID:Alpha-fetoprotein synthesis in tissue culture of human testicular tumors and an examination of experimental yolk sac tumors in the rat. 6 2

Several cell lines (either of embryonal carcinoma or of differentiated cells derived from teratomas) have been established in vitro from transplantable testicular teratomas. Primitive cell lines, propagated in vitro as embryonal carcinoma have retained the ability of the original tumor to differentiate in vivo or in vitro into must embryonic cell types. Features of this model system for study of early embryogenesis are described. Emphasis is placed on the description of the cell surface antigens of several cell lines. Syngeneic antisera raised against two primitive lines (F9 and PCC4) and against a differentiated one (Endo) have allowed the detection of three groups of cell surface antigens, present on teratoma cells, tumor cells and embryonic cells. The F9 antigen appears to be specific to be specific of the very early steps of egg development (morula and blastocyst). After egg implantation, it keeps expressed on the cells of the male germ line. The PCC4 antigen has a similar cell type distribution but appears to be more specific of multipotential cells. The Endo antigen is essentially specific of endodermal derivatives. The F9 antigen is probably specified by the wild type allele (+ tl2) of the tl2 gene at the T-Locus of the mouse, a gene which plays some critical role in early development. The molecular structure of this antigen, as determined from immunoprecipitates is very similar to that of H-2 antigens. In addition, a cross-reacting material is found in Man, with a tissue distribution identical to that found in the mouse.
 ...
PMID:[Experimental teratocarcinoma in mice: a model system for the study of the relationship between cellular surface antigens and embryonic differentiation]. 6 94

The yolk-sac tumor or endodermal sinus tumor is a rare but highly malignant ovarian teratoma with its highest incidence in young women. The tumor is relatively resistant to radiotherapy but sensitive to combined chemotherapy and should therefore be differentiated in the diagnosis from embryonal carcinoma and radio-sensitive dysgerminomas of the ovary. It is possible that the determination of alpha-fetoprotein is of differential diagnostic value. Two patients are alive and well 8 months and 2 1/2 years following removal of a yolk-sac tumor and primary chemotherapy. One patient received chemotherapy for peritoneal recurrence after removal of the tumor and radiotherapy. She died 1 1/2 years following the primary operation. Long term chemotherapy of the yolk-sac tumor is indicated following operation, irrespective of the stage of the tumor.
 ...
PMID:[Primary combined chemotherapy following removal of an endodermal sinus tumor or yolk-sac tumor of the ovary (author's transl)]. 6 89

Germinal cell tumors of the testis were studied for the presence of several tumor-associated antigens. Antisera were produced by immunizing rabbits with the purified antigens of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and hepatoma ferritin. Indirect immunofluorescence on embryonal carcinoma with or without teratoma components demonstrated that their staining range was 1--60 per cent with antiserum against AFP, 0--16 per cent with anti-serum against ferritin, and 0-40% with antiserum against CEA. Ferritin-like substances have not been described previously in germinal tumors of the testis. No staining was seen with seminoma cells or benign testicular tissues. Raised serum levels of AFP and the ferritin-like substance were related both to the presence of tumor and to dissemination of the disease. CEA occurred transiently in serum. Eleven patients with primary tumors had no antigen in their sera and have all survived, but the median survival time for 8 patients with either antigen in preoperative sera was 12 months. Five patients with advanced tumor in whom neither AFP nor ferritin was detected had a much longer median survival time (58 mo) than did 13 patients with high levels of serum AFP or ferritin (12 mo). The presence of either AFP or ferritin in sera of patients with primary or advanced disease, therefore, seemed to indicate a poor prognosis. The determination of both substances in serum may be useful in the follow-up of patients with certain types of testicular tumors. The proportion of cells containing each antigen varied in the different tumors. Similarly, each antigen could occur independently in serum. This suggested that certain germ cell tumors contained subpopulations of cells, which differed in their production and release of the antigens studied.
 ...
PMID:Multiple antigens as marker substances in germinal tumors of the testis. 6 76

Serum alpha1-fetoprotein (AFP) had been determined in 31 patient with (mostly malignant) teratomas before or immediately after operation, and later in the evolution of 3 other cases with clinical evidence of recurrence or metastases. Without knowledge of these serum AFP levels, histological slides of the same 34 teratomas were reexamined, especially for the presence of yolk sac components. Two pure yolk sac tumors and 6 teratomas containing yolk sac structures were associated with serum AFP levels above 500 ng/ml. Teratomas without yolk sac structures were associated with normal serum AFP levels (i.e. 10-500 ng/ml) in 14 cases, and high serum levels (i.e. above 500 ng/ml) in one case. Histologic analysis of the 14 cases with slightly elevated AFP levels did not reveal tissue possibly responsible for the low but nevertheless abnormal AFP synthesis. High AFP levels, which are easily detectable by counter-current immunoelectrophoresis, are, however, highly specific for the yolk sac tumor or the yolk sac component of teratomas, and hence suggest that this extra-embryonic structure should be distinguished from other teratoma components.
 ...
PMID:[Vitelline components in teratomas and serum alpha-1 fetoprotein]. 6 46

Serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein were determined in 33 patients with testicular germ cell tumors and were normal in 11 patients with seminoma and in one patient with matured teratoma; high levels were observed in 19 of 21 patients with embryonal carcinoma, teratocarcinoma, or a mixed type of these germ cell tumors. Tissues from the testicular germ cell tumors were cultivated with 14C-labeled leucine. After incubation, the culture media were subjected to immunoelectrophoretic and autoradiographic analyses. The results were: (i) Radioactive alpha-fetoprotein, albumin, transferrin, and alpha1-globulin appeared in the culture media of embryonal carcinomas obtained from two infants. (ii) Radioactive albumin and alpha1-globulin appeared in the culture media of a mixed type tumor metastasized from testis to retroperitoneal region. (iii) No such radioactive proteins appeared in the culture media of primary seminomas.
 ...
PMID:Synthesis of alpha-fetoprotein and some other serum proteins in testicular tumors. 6 43


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>