Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 55-years old patient is reported who became ill with recurrent attacks of coughing and haemoptysis some 3 weeks before death. An extensive mediastinal tumor was demonstrated radiologically. Pathoanatomical examination showed a pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma of the lower left pulmonary lobe with metastases in the right lung and regional lymph nodes.
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PMID:[Pulmonary rhabdomyosarcoma (author's transl)]. 108 60

Prior to the use of chemotherapy, survival for rhabdomyosarcoma which had been completely resected was 50-60%. A controled study done by Children's Cancer Study Group showed the effectiveness of combined chemotherapy used as part of primary therapy in similar patients. Children who received actinomycin D (Act D) and vincristine (Vcr) for 1 year after surgery and radiotherapy had a lower metastatic rate than those who received none. This combination resulted in an 89% survival in patients with localized disease which was surgically resectable. Patients with microscopic residual disease had a 91% survival. With more aggressive use of combined chemotherapy, experience has accumulated demonstrating improved response and survival in both localized and gross residual disease. Combinations of Act D, Vcr, and cyclophosphamide can reduce initial tumor size, making large tumor masses more amenable to surgery and radiotherapy. Currently, an intergroup study is testing the response to four different drug combinations and the duration of therapy needed for various stages of the disease.
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PMID:The role of chemotherapy in the management of soft tissue sarcomas. 108 74

Analysis of data on cell reproductive death, cell proliferation kinetics, tumor volume responses and tumor eradication probability after single and fractionated doses of radiation given to experimental tumors, can yield several conclusions which may be relevant for the interpretation of clinical data: 1. considerable differences are observed among various cell types with respect to intrinsic radiosensitivity, but no specific differences are demonstrated for cells from tumors as compared to cells from normal tissue; 2. cell survival curves measured by in vitro cloning techniques for cells irradiated in an experimental rat rhabdomyosarcoma are consistent with the observed probability of tumor eradication, and 3. after a sufficiently large dose of radiation and after two weeks of fractionated treatments, important changes in cell proliferation kinetics have been observed with respect to cell cycle, cell production rate and cell loss rate, which may significantly influence the time of recurrence as well as the probability of attaining tumor eradication.
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PMID:Cell proliferation kinetics in tumors after treatments. 109 92

The clinical course of orbital rhabdomyosarcoma is described in seven male children. A survey of the literature on the subject is given. Particular attention is paid to certain diagnostic problems of this most frequent orbital malignant primary in childhood. An adequate combination therapy which results in cure in more than half of the patients should be employed provided that an exact morphological diagnosis is made; this still causes often great difficulty. Electron microscopy is of great value in distinguishing this type of tumor from other malignancies, including the so-called reticulosarcoma. In comparison with the case material of other authors, there was a relatively high rate of late deaths in our patients.
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PMID:[Clinical picture and morphology of orbital rhabdomyosarcomas in children]. 109 30

Soft tissue sarcomas are the fourth most frequent solid tumors in children. They arise at many sites, most frequently in the orbit, head and neck, and pelvis. Diagnostic radiologic studies play an integral role in patient evaluation, allowing direct visualization of the primary lesion, its vascular supply, its direct and regional extensions; of distant metastases; and of anomalies. They aid in staging and selecting treatment, and later, in evaluating results. Radiation therapy is a vital tool in today's multidisciplinary approach. Irradiation has produced a 90% recurrence-free rate, and a 67% cure rate, for orbital rhabdomyosarcoma. A similar improvement in local tumor control rates may apply at other primary sites when an adequate dose is delivered to the affected volume. Multidrug chemotherapy programs provide hope for an increased cure rate. Sufficient time has not yet elapsed to judge fully the late anatomical and physiological costs of these more vigorous multidisciplinary treatments.
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PMID:The role of diagnostic radiology and radiation therapy in the management of soft tissue sarcomas in children. 111 54

Of 30 children treated for embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma the primary site of tumor was the bladder in 14 cases (9 boys and 5 girls) and the prostate in 16 cases. The mean age at diagnosis was 3 years in patients with bladder sarcoma and 6.5 years in patients with sarcoma of the prostate. Over-all survival rate has been 23 per cent--5 children with rhabdomyosarcoma of the bladder and 2 with rhadbomyosarcoma of the porstate are alive from 1 1/2 to 23 years postoperatively. Aggressive coordinated treatment with surgery, radiotherapy and cyclic combination chemotherapy is recommended.
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PMID:Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the bladder and prostate in childhood. 112 15

12 mouse rhabdomyosarcomas from V--XI transplant generations were investigated at their growing in the anterior chamber of the eye, in the testis, lungs and subcutaneous fibrous tissue. With these modes of transplantation rhabdomyosarcomas were seen differentiating to different levels and differed in their cell populations. The most differentiated rhabdomyosarcomas were in the anterior chamber of the eye: they formed myotubes with cross-striated myofibrilles; the least differentiated ones occurring in lungs. Rhabdomyosarcomas, inoculated in testes, intensively dessiminated in the lymph-nodes and in the organs of abdomen. It is concluded that the degree of tumor autonomy depends on the tumor--organism interactions.
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PMID:[Effect of ectopic transplantations on the cytological structure of mouse rhabdomyosarcomas]. 116 23

A case of ganglioneuroblastoma associated with malignant mesenchymoma is reported. The tumor originated from the retroperitoneum and was comprised not only of neuroblastoma and ganglioneuroma, but also of typical rhabdomyosarcoma, liposarcoma, undifferentiated mesenchymoma, as well as cartilaginous tissue. No distinct border existed between thses different components. The histogenesis of the tumor is discussed. We suggest that the tumor derived from a remnant of neural crest (ectomesenchyme).
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PMID:Ganglioneuroblastoma associated with malignant mesenchymoma. 118 58

Verified breast cancer was present in a father, his mother, and his daughter. His sone had a brain tumor (by history) and his grandson, (ehs sone of the affected daughter), had a histologically verified rhabdomyosarcoma. This familial aggregation of cancers (except for leukemia, which is absent) is consistent with a newly described familial breast cancer syndrome. A single pleiotropic, dominantly transmitted gene, possibly interacting with carcinogenic factors, such as an oncogenic virus, may be the cause. A cancer-control potential exists for tumor associations such as those exhibited in this kindred, as well as for other cancer genetic syndromes where careful consideration is given to all histologic varieties of cancer.
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PMID:Breast cancer genetics and cancer control. Tumor association. 119 Oct 14

Ninety-eight children with solid tumors resistant to conventional chemotherapy received adriamycin 90 mg/m2, either as a single intravenous injection or in 6 divided doses administered every 6 hours. Of the 88 evaluable children, 6 (7%) achieved a complete response and 26 (29%) achieved a partial response. Tumors which demonstrated significant response rates were: neuroblastoma (9/18), Wilms' tumor (7/13), rhabdomyosarcoma (4/11), and lymphoma (4/8). The toxicities observed with this regimen included: alopecia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, febrile episodes, and ST-segment changes.
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PMID:Adriamycin in the treatment of childhood solid tumors. A Southwest Oncology Group study. 119 48


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