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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Ultrastructural examination of an alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma revealed that the bulk of the tumor was composed of small polygonal cells containing polyribosomes, short strands of rough endoplasmic reticulum, and variable amounts of glycogen; the cells were joined by small desmosome-like structures. Similar cells, as well as a variety of larger forms which appeared to be derived from the small cells, were observed along the septa; the larger forms developed a copious cytoplasm and occasionally produced myofilaments. Some of these cells were separated from the septa by basement membranes. Giant cells were also present in the alveolar spaces; these formed neither basement membranes nor myofilaments. The septa themselves were composed largely of collagen and fibroblasts. It is suggested that the commonly proposed correspondence of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma to the myotube stage of muscle differentiation is incorrect; if anything, the overall pattern of the tumor is epithelial-like, and may correspond to the organization of mesenchymal cells at the stage of somite differentiation. The resemblance of the masses of small tumor cells to the cells of Ewing's sarcoma is discussed.
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PMID:Ultrastructural observations on the histogenesis of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. 56 50

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare malignant neoplasm of the biliary tract. Including all the historical recent probable, and established cases that are carefully classified by Hayes and Synder, only 24 cases have been reported to date. Because of the extreme rarity of this tumor in this location, correct diagnosis was not made until second laparotomy or autopsy in several reported cases. The present report describes a child who recently underwent excision of such a tumor at our institution.
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PMID:Rhabdomyosarcoma of the bile ducts. 59 61

A 2 1/2-year-old male child with rhabdomyosarcoma of the prostate was treated with radiation of the pelvis, consisting of 5,600 rads in 7 1/2 weeks, and combination chemotherapy of Vincristine and Actinomycin D. Surgery had been refused. The child is alive and disease-free more than 5 years after diagnosis, and over 2 years following the cessation of all therapy. Recent advances in radiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy have significantly improved the outlook in this aggressive childhood neoplasm and have made a less aggressive and less mutilating surgical approach often desirable. This, in turn, holds out the prospect of improved quality of survival in children so afflicted.
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PMID:Nonsurgical treatment of pelvic rhabdomyosarcoma: a case report. 59 58

Electron microscopic study of leiomyoma of skin arteries, oesophagus leiomyoma, leiomyosarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma was carried out. In the tumor cells myofilaments were found sometimes forming hexagonally packed myofibrilles, formations resembling desmosomes. This permitted the establishment of valid myogenic histogenesis of these neoplasias.
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PMID:[Electron-microscopic study of myogenic neoplasms]. 64 61

A patient with abdominal liposarcoma is described, and the treatment of this in children extremely uncommon tumor is discussed. After complete surgical excision, local irradion with 5000-6000 rad should be considered only if no vital organs are irradiated. Because of the high tendency for local recurrence and for distant metastases of this tumor a primary polychemotherapy beginning immediately after surgical excision is proposed as in cases of other solid tumors in children for instance rhabdomyosarcoma or fibrosarcoma. 18 months after the surgical excision and after the beginning of polychemotherapy our patient is clinically well without demonstrable tumor growth.
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PMID:[Treatment of abdominal liposarcoma in children (author's transl)]. 65 96

Forequarter or interscapulothoracic amputation is a major surgical procedure indicated primarily in the treatment of malignant lesions involving the bony and soft tissue parieties of the upper part of the arm, shoulder, and scapula. It is also indicated in extensive trauma with irreparable damage to the shoulder area and as a palliative measure in intractable pain caused by incurable tumors of the shoulder girdle. Several operative techniques have been described: the classical Berger approach, an anterior pectoral approach, and posterior retroscapular approaches. A radical transthoracic approach has been described in cases in which the tumor had spread through the chest wall. The two main goals of these approaches have been early ligation of the subclavian vessels and immediate exploration for operability. This report details our experience with a modified technique for radical forequarter amputation and chest wall resection in which a transmediastinal approach is employed. This approach was used in two patients: One had a radiation-induced fibrosarcoma of the left axilla and adjacent chest wall following a radical mastectomy 19 years earlier, and the other patient had a recurrent rhabdomyosarcoma of the right axilla with invasion of the chest wall. This technique avoids time-consuming and individual excision of ribs and minimizes the amount of blood loss by early ligation of the internal mammary vessels. Safe and excellent exposure and division of the subclavian vessels and early exploration for mediastinal and intrathoracic involvement are made possible. Details of the procedure with illustrations are described.
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PMID:Modified technique for radical transmediastinal forequarter amputation and chest wall resection. 68 68

Rhabdomyosarcomas induced by single intramuscular injections of nickel sulphide (Ni3S2) in Fischer and Hooded rats were cultured in vivo and in vitro to study their growth characteristics and chromosomal constitution. The tumor cell suspensions cultured in vitro exhibited more myogenic differentiation on the coverslips than those cells grown in vivo in diffusion chambers. A characteristic feature of in vivo cultures was the appearance of microclusters which resembled the primary tumors. Chromosome analyses of primary tumors revealed that a majority of these had a modal number in the diploid or near diploid range. Fischer rat primary tumor cells exhibited abnormal configurations including rings, dicentrics and triradials. A comparison of the chromosome make-up of the primary tumors and their metastases was performed on four sets of tumors. Three out of four metastases examined showed the diploid chromosome make-up characteristic of the primary tumors suggesting that the tumors with the diploid or near diploid chromosome constitution are more likely to produce metastases.
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PMID:Growth and cytogenetic characteristics of nickel sulphide-induced rhabdomyosarcomas in rats. 68 91

The association of consumptive coagulopathy and malignancy is thought to be rare in pediatrics. In one patient with Ewing's sarcoma and in two with rhabdomyosarcoma consumptive coagulopathy developed in the presence of either diffuse metastatic disease or an extensive primary tumor. The coagulopathy was a major clinical problem, developing within five days of the onset of chemotherapy. Resolution coincided with the clinical response of the tumor.
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PMID:Consumptive coagulopathy. A complication of therapy of solid tumors in childhood. 68 3

In vitro growth of individual tumor cells is described, deriving from a rhabdomyosarcoma. There can be suggested two different cell-types: fibroblast-like cells with no particular aspects of morphology, and epitheloid-like cells, recognized from structure and nuclear-behaviour as tumor-giant cells. This methods advantages are discussed as a supplement of histological criteria, as well as its clinical pattern in future.
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PMID:[Rhabdomyosarcoma of the skin--behavior of single tumor cells in vitro]. 72 45

Rhabdomyosarcomas of the head and neck may spread by diffuse local invasion, resulting in erosion of the base of the skull with possible extension to the leptomeninges, brain, and cranial nerves, as well as invasion of the ventricular system with possible intradural, extramedullary metastases anywhere along the neuraxis. Meningeal spread of tumor is difficult to eradicate, and nearly all patients reviewed died soon after meningeal disease was evident. Patients with erosion of the base of the skull or abnormal cranial nerve findings seem to have a risk of seeding the meninges with tumor. The clinical evolution of this pattern of metastatic spread is reviewed, diagnostic studies are recommended, and therapeutic considerations are discussed. Tentative treatment guidelines are also offered.
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PMID:Meningeal seeding from rhabdomyosarcoma of the head and neck with base of the skull invasion: recognition of the clinical evolution and suggestions for management. 74 82


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