Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An implantation model has been used to investigate the cellular progression of chemically induced subcutaneous neoplasia in the mouse. Implantation of 3,4-benzpyrene induced persistent changes in the normal process of connective tissue formation around the implant. Light-microscope and autoradiographic studies have shown a temporal progression from aberrant filter- or muscle-associated cells through proliferative foci to large invasive sarcoma. Electron microscopy revealed that presarcomatous cell foci consisted of one of two different cell types. These were either spindle cells with ultrastructural characteristics similar to foreign-body-induced sarcoma, or cells with the ultrastructural features of rhabdomyosarcoma. The subsequent appearance of two histological groups of sarcoma that were ultrastructurally similar to the cells of the early proliferative foci indicated that both elements may progress to form tumours. However, the constituent cells of both groups of tumours displayed a broad histological and ultrastructural spectrum and the marked similarity between the undifferentiated cells of each suggested that both may have arisen from diverse differentiation of a common pluripotential cell such as the pericyte.
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PMID:Cellular progression of neoplasia in the subcutis of mice after implantation of 3,4-benzpyrene. 44 13

One boy, given radiotherapy and cytostatic drugs for a rhabdomyosarcoma died nine years later of acute leukaemia. A girl, who had received radiotherapy for an inoperable suprasellar tumour and also given cytostatic drugs, fell ill seven years later with a glioblastoma. Among a total of 750 children with malignant neoplasm observed by the authors, a permanent cure rate of about 50% is to be expected among about 300 children treated recently. If this rate applies to the entire Federal Republic of Germany, about 1,000 children are likely to be cured annually. In these circumstances it is likely that 80-160 children treated in any one year will develop a second neoplasm or leukaemia 20 years later, most commonly as a late sequela of the treatment.
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PMID:[Risk of a second malignant neoplasm after successful treatment of a malignant tumour in children (author's transl)]. 45 71

A case of renal rhabdomyosarcoma is presented. Besides the rarity of this tumor, the case is unique because an increased level of renin and hypertension was found, which was not due to compression of the main vessels.
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PMID:Hypertensive renal rhabdomyosarcoma. 46 74

Sarcoma metastatic to the central nervous system is generally considered to be rare. In this report three cases of sarcoma with metastasis to the central nervous system are presented. The case of rhabdomyosarcoma of the lung probably represents the first reported instance of such tumor metastatic to the central nervous system. The case of fibrosarcoma of the thigh is thought to be the first report of metastatic sarcoma with leptomeningeal dissemination. The metastatic brain lesions of the alveolar soft part sarcoma were incidental findings at autopsy. A summary of 22 cases previously reported and a brief discussion of the mode of metastasis of sarcoma, as compared to that of carcinoma, are also presented.
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PMID:Sarcoma metastatic to the central nervous system: report of three cases and review of the literature. 47 Dec 4

ICRF-159 is active in several animal tumor model systems and human adult malignancies. In this phase II study, ICRF-159 was given on a weekly schedule, 3000 mg/m2/day, orally in three divided doses at 6-hour intervals to 78 children with a variety of malignant neoplasms. Fifty-three patients were evaluable for tumor response. Toxicity was primarily hematopoietic and gastrointestinal. There were no responses in any of the eight patients with osteogenic sarcoma, four with lymphoma, five with Ewing's sarcoma, ten with neuroblastoma, or six with rhabdomyosarcoma. There was a transient partial response in one of four children with Wilms' tumor. Further trials with this drug using this schedule are not indicated for the common childhood solid tumors.
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PMID:ICRF-159 (razoxane) in the treatment of pediatric solid tumors: a Southwest Oncology Group study. 47 12

Seven cases of mucinous ovarian tumors with sarcoma-like nodules in their walls are reported. The age of the patients ranged from 18--81 years. Each of them had a large abdominal mass which proved on exploration to be a Stage Ia cystic ovarian tumor. All the specimens contained one or more discrete nodules in their walls, most of which were soft, dark brown, and hemorrhagic. On microscopical examination the epithelial component of four of the tumors was of borderline malignancy and of three was well-differentiated carcinoma. Three patterns were encountered in the nodules: pleomorphic and epulis-like in four cases, pleomorphic and spindle-celled in one case, and giant cell-histiocytic in two cases. These patterns simulated those of malignant giant cell tumor of soft parts, spindle cell sarcoma, and well-differentiated rhabdomyosarcoma, respectively. Postoperative follow-up ranging from 1 to 11 1/2 years (average 7 1/2 years) revealed no evidence of recurrence. Reports of seven similar tumors were found in the literature. Although follow-up has been less complete in these cases, none of the tumors is known to have spread beyond the ovary. These data suggest that mural nodules of the types described are not sarcomatous but could represent a reactive process that has no effect on the prognosis of the patient.
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PMID:Ovarian mucinous tumors with sarcoma-like mural nodules: a report of seven cases. 49 14

Rhabdomyosarcoma represents the most common soft-tissue neoplasm of the head and neck found in children. The tumor is most commonly seen in Caucasian children under the age of 12, usually presenting as a painless mass. Distant metastases are frequently present, especially in regional lymph nodes, lung, and bone marrow. All patients suspected of having this disorder should have a thorough examination of the head and neck, as well as a complete radiographic evaluation of the primary region. Histologic disagnosis should be made as rapidly as possible. Once this has been accomplished, a thorough search for metastatic disease can be undertaken. Therapy must be individualized, and a team approach is advocated. The roles of surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy are discussed. A staging system and a treatment-therapy plan are outlined.
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PMID:Rhabdomyosarcoma of the head and neck: diagnosis and management. 50 Mar 68

A retrospective analysis of 21 primary testicular tumors in childhood is presented. Histologic review revealed 4 differentiated teratomas, 14 yolk sac tumors, 1 rhabdomyosarcoma of testicular envelopes and 1 paratesticular sarcoma. One tumor could not be classified. Two patients with yolk sac tumor and the patient with the paratesticular sarcoma died. In 4 of the 14 patients with yolk sac tumor iliac and/or paraaortic lymphnodes were removed 8-15 days after hemicastration but no tumor cells were found. Of 3 children with yolk sac tumor who developed metastases, one had had prophylactic resection and another one prophylactic irradiation of the draining lymphnodes. 8 patients with yolk sac tumor received prophylactic chemotherapy, and none developed metastases. For patients with yolk sac tumor prophylactic chemotherapy is indicated, particularly if more than 2 months have elapsed between the first detection of a testicular mass and operation. In prepubertal boys with testicular teratoma no prophylactic therapy to prevent dissemination is necessary. Patients with yolk sac tumor have an age distribution comparable to that of patients with an embryonal tumor.
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PMID:[Primary testicular tumors in childhood. Observations in 21 cases and a discussion of the necessity of metastasis prevention]. 50 Mar 82

A study has been made of 7 transplatable lines of mice rhabdomyosarcomas and one line of rat rhabdomyosarcoma during their transplantation into the eye anterior chamber subcutaneous tissue. In all, 10 subcutaneous transplants and 15 transplants into the eye anterior chamber (EAC) were examined. Etanol fixed print smears were subjected to the Feulgen reaction to measure the DNA content using a cytophotometer MCPhU-1; 100 cells being measured in each transplant. In the majority of the EAC transplants, a statistically significant decrease of the karyotypic variability was found in additionto the augmentation to the diploid cell ratio as compared to subcutaneously proliferating populations of the same tumour lines. In some cases EAC transplants displayed exclusively diploid (periploid) populations of tumour myoblasts. Shifts in the karyotypic structure of populations towards diploidy, revealed during the cultivation of transplantable rhabdomyosarcomas, may be regarded as a phenomenon of the "karyotypical normalization" of tumour cells. The disappearance or sharp decrease of tetraploid or hypertetraploid classes of cells in EAC transplants may be due to the increase of their selective value in condition of immunological privilege of diploid, karyotypically normal cells, and of reduction of the genome mutation frequency in a diploid fraction of tumor myoblast populations.
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PMID:[Change in the karyotypic structure of mouse and rat rhabdomyosarcomas on their transplantation into the anterior chamber of the eye]. 50 80

From 1974 to 1978, 21 children with rhabdomyosarcoma were treated in a combined interdisciplinary protocol. All children received a polychemotherapy for 18 months. Radiotherapy and surgery were used according to the stage and localization of the tumor. The overall two-year survival rate is 86 +/- 9%, the tumor free survival rate is 78 +/- 11%. 7 patients have no evidence of disease after the end of treatment.
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PMID:[Multidisciplinary treatment of rhabdomyosarcoma in childhood]. 52 27


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