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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Despite the radiocurability of stage I and II squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the cervix, palliation of patients with pulmonary metastases has been disappointing. Four patients with pulmonary metastases (three from cervical and one from endometrial carcinoma) were treated with total lung irradiation, followed two to three weeks after termination of radiotherapy with combination chemotherapy consisting of vincristine 1.4 mg/m(2) IV+ adriamycin 50 mg/m(2) IV + cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m(2) IV repeated at four-week intervals. Radiotherapy was delivered through a Co(60) teletherapy unit in a daily dosage of 100 rads in anterior and posterior opposing fields. After completion of irradiation in one lung, the other lung was similarly treated if involved with gross disease. Two out of four patients (both with cervix SCC) obtained complete tumor regression, whereas the other two patients had stabilization of their pulmonary lesions. The survival of the two responders was 216+ and 621 days from the start of irradiation. The two nonresponders survived 56 and 109 days. Except for one patient who died of pulmonary metastases, the remaining three patients died of metastases elsewhere. While only one patient developed radiation pneumonitis, all four had alopecia and leukopenia <4000/mm(3) from chemotherapy. Total lung irradiation and combination chemotherapy appear to have activity in the treatment of pulmonary metastases from SCC of the cervix and warrant further exploration.
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PMID:Total lung irradiation and chemotherapy in pulmonary metastases from carcinoma of the uterine cervix and endometrium. 52 4

1548 patients who were hospitalized 1964--1975 for diagnosis and treatment of bronchogenic carcinoma, 779 underwent resection. 17 patients could be operated by lobectomy or bilobectomy and bronchial resection (sleeve resection). Postoperative complications were frequent (n = 8): 4 times bronchopleural fistula, 2 times empyema, once fatal pneumonia and once bronchial stenosis. The overalll mortality and the survival rates are comparable to those of patients with radical resections. Sleeve resection is therefore a suitable alternative to pneumonectomy in elderly patients with reduced pulmonary function, rarely indicated also by a favourable tumor size. Sleeve resection increases the resectability of malignant bronchogenic tumors by 2%. Methods to prevent or cure the postoperative complications consisted in the use of absorbable suture material and long lasting intrathoracic suction.
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PMID:[Bronchoplastic methods in the resection treatment of malignant bronchial tumors]. 61 88

In 110 lung cancer patients the authors have determined the rate of separate distension of the lung and chest (DL--C), and in 60 of them radiopneumography with Xe133 was employed. All patients were subdivided into 3 groups: I--those suffering chronic concomitant lung affections, II--those with acute pulmonary diseases in the anamnesis, III--those showing no signs of concomitant pathology. It was found that the previous diseases (pneumonia, acute bronchitis) render no significant effect on the external respiration function (as evidenced by radiopneumographic findings). Whereas concomitant pathology (chronic bronchitis, chronic pneumonia, etc.) would aggravate the function considerably, that is especially pronounced in central tumor localization. In patients of the group I and II DL--C was found to be markely reduced, that may be due to asymptomatic pleurofibrosis in the group II. To estimate the possibilities of surgical treatment for lung cancer, a detailed complex diagnosis of concomitant nonspecific pulmonary pathology seems to be absolutely necessary.
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PMID:[Role of nonspecific accompanying pulmonary pathology in altering the external respiratory function in lung cancer]. 63 82

In this study it is reported about operative mortality and long-term results of surgery of gastric carcinoma in patients over the age of 70 years. The operative mortality in 50 patients with a distal partial gastrectomy was 16%, the mortality in 24 patients with total gastrectomy was 33.3% and in 14 patients with a proximal gastrectomy the mortality was 28%. The main cause of death (40%) was a pneumonia. There was no correlation between frequency of pneumonia and preoperative results of measurement of lung function. Only advanced arteriosclerotic disease in the heart and brain has a fatal influence on mortality rate. In the old patients the long-term results are determined by the staging of the tumor at the time of operation, too. In the 60 patients, who had left the hospital and who are in our control, the half year survival rate was 78.3%, the 1-year survival rate was 58.3% and the 2-years survival rate is exceeding 41.6%. 14 patients of the 17, who are still alive and who are after 2 1/2 years again explored, are in a very good condition. In comparison with the literature it is to conclude that for the indication to surgery of gastric carcinoma there is important not only the real age of the patient but rather the biological and mental condition of the patient.
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PMID:[Surgery of gastric cancer in patients older than 70 years (author's transl)]. 64 53

The diagnostic accuracy of transbronchial biopsy via fiberoptic bronchoscope was reviewed in 127 noncritically ill patients. Biopsy results were analyzed according to whether a "specific" pathologic diagnosis of neoplasm, granuloma or pneumonia, or a "nonspecific" diagnosis of inflammation, fibrosis or normal lung was made. The clinical significance of a "nonspecific" biospy specimen was evaluated by clinical follow-up of at least 12 months (mean 15 months) and by grouping patients according to the type of abnormality found on chest roentgenography. Clinical follow-up was available in 119 of these patients. The over-all "specific" diagnostic yield for biopsy with secretions was 49 per cent, with transbronchial biopsy being the sole means of specific diagnosis in 14 per cent of the patients with a peripheral mass lesion, in 18 per cent of the patients with localized infiltrative processes and in 52 per cent of the patients with diffuse infiltrative processes. In 64 (52 per cent) patients both biopsy specimens and secretions were diagnostically nonspecific. In 16 (77 per cent) patients with peripheral mass lesions but nonspecific biopsy findings and secretions, neoplasm was diagnosed by more invasive procedures. However, 22 (91 per cent) patients with localized and 12 (75 per cent) patients with diffuse infiltrative processes had benign clinical follow-up suggesting that open lung biopsy in such patients should be reserved for patients with obvious clinical or roentgenographic evidence of deterioration.
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PMID:Clinical implications of a "nonspecific" transbronchial biopsy. 68 10

Two children of normal parents had "Dandy-Walker syndrome" (cystic dilatation of the 4th ventricle with incomplete development of the cerebeller vermis). Both cases were admitted to our hospital in neonatal period, because of apneic spell. Air study showed the enlargement of the 4th ventricle in both cases. One case (22 days after birth, male infant) was operated by occipital craniotomy, and cystic membrane of the roof of the 4th ventricle was removed. But his head was growing rapidly in size, which suggested hydrocephalus. He died of pneumonia at 70 days after V-P shunt operation. At autopsy, defect of the cerebellar vermis and tonsil, involving the enlargement of the 4th ventricle was found. Another case, younger sister of the previous one, was complicated by occipital meningocele, which did not communicated with ventricular system. Her occipital tumor was removed, and now, she is growing normally in body size, but does not react to the visual stimuli with considerable psychomotor retardation. In our cases, occlusion of the foramina Luschka and Magendie was not present. So, we have come to the conclusion that primary underdevelopment of the cerebellum is of major importance for understanding of the etiopathogenesis of this syndrome.
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PMID:[Sib cases of Dandy-Walker syndrome (author's transl)]. 70 7

We presented a case of hemangioblastoma associated with spina bifida occulta, persistent metopic suture, thyroid adenocarcinoma, vertebro-occipital anastomosis and erythrocytosis. We have not found a hemangioblastoma with these associations, as far as we have seen in the literature. 36-year-old male was admitted with complaints of nausea, vomiting and ataxic gait in June, 1970. On admission, the examination revealed no evidence of increased intracranial pressure except for elevated CSF pressure by lumbar puncture and incoordination. The peripheral blood count disclosed slight erythrocythemia. Vertebral angiography revealed a vascular lesion of 2.0 cm in diameter situated almost in the midline of caudal cerebellum receiving its blood supply from the right posterior inferior cerebellar artery. In addition, a right vertebro-occipital anastomosis was visualized. Plain reoentgenograms showed persistent metopic suture and spina bifida occulta of C 5 - 6. After admission, installation of Ommaya reservoir and decompressive suboccipital craniectomy were performed, and a thyroid papillary adenocarcinoma was totally removed. After discharge, he had been well for two years until a month previously to the second admission, when he commenced to have again headache, nausea, and vomiting with ataxic gait. Vertebral angiography showed the tumor enlarged in size measuring 4.0 X 5.0 cm and the tumor stain was more irregular and less homogenous than 3 years before. Brain scan revealed an increased uptake in the midline of the posterior fossa. After readmission, in April, 1973, he gradually developed dysphagia, disturbance of articulation and inactivity of mentality and died from pneumonia in October, 1974. Autopsy revealed a vascular tumor originated from the medial portion of the right cerebellum and the tumor showed multiple cyst formation in the rostral part in contrast to the caudal solid mass. Histologically the tumor tissue was composed of capillaries supported by fine argyrophilic fibers, large clear interstitial cells containing lipid granules and hemosiderin pigment. Carcinoma of the right lobe of the thyroid was found with metastasis to the bone marrow, lungs and anterior cervical lymphnodes and lymphnodes at the left supraclavicular angle. Bone marrow showed marked erythropoiesis. The case reported here provides an evidence to suggest that there is more than a random relationship between hemangioblastoma, dysraphic state and thyroid carcinoma. The other association, the vertebrooccipital anastomosis may result from the enhanced demand of blood supply by hemangioblastoma but this speculation needs further examination.
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PMID:[A case of hemangioblastoma associated with spina bifida occulta, persistent metopic suture, thyroid adenocarcinoma, vertebro-occipital anastomosis and erythrocytosis (author's transl)]. 79 Feb 13

The yearly death-rate from pneumonia in children aged one month to 15 years has fallen in Schleswig-Holstein from 1.8 (1954-1958) to 0.6 per ten thousand (1969-1973). At the same time, total death-rate in the same age group has fallen from 14.5 to 9.3 per ten thousand children. The proportion of pneumonia in the total death-rate was 5.3% in 1971-1973, 1.6% in the first month of life and, after the sixteenth year, 2.3%. Pneumonia was in fourth place (after accident, malformation and neoplasm) as a cause of death in those more than one month old. The death-rate due to pneumonia had not fallen between 1954 and 1973, varying between 10% and 12%. While death-rate of "primary" pneumonia (without other underlying disease) had fallen from 5.7% (1954-1958) to 1.1% (1969-1973), the death-rate of "secondary" pneumonia rose from 16.8% to 21.4% during the same period. The total number of children aged between two months and 15 years treated for pneumonia fell by two thirds from 1954-1973 (1245 to 406). The incidence of "primary" pneumonia during the same period fell to about a quarter, that of "secondary" pneumonia to one half. The unsatisfactory result in the treatment of "secondary" pneumonia is probably due to the underlying primary disease or a weakening of defence mechanisms by treatment or the occurrence of unusual causative organisms (pneumocystis carinii, tubercle bacilli, Candida, Aspergillus), demonstrated only after death.
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PMID:[Pneumonia as a cause of death in children (author's transl)]. 80 94

Pulmonary hemorrhage is generally due to neoplasm, tuberculosis, necrotizing pneumonia, or bronchiectasis. If these are not found, kidney diseases, including anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody-induced bleeding (Goodpasture's syndrome), should be considered. Hemoptysis in renal disease is more often due to azotemic hypervolemia than immune reaction. Typically linear immunofluorescent patterns along the glomerular and pulmonary alveolar basement membranes must be demonstrated to confirm the diagnosis of Goodpasture's syndrome.
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PMID:Pulmonary hemorrhage in renal disease: Goodpasture's syndrome and other causes. 83 Mar 52

Analysis of the clinical and autopsy reports of 200 deaths following surgery for colorectal cancer from 1956 to 1974, at the Dept. of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, revealed that pneumonia (24.5%) was the most common cause of death followed by peritonitis (22%), pulmonary embolism (15.5%), advanced tumor disease (14%), cardiac failure (9.5%), ileus (5.5%), and others (9%). The explanation for the postoperative mortality rate of 12% (cancer of colon) and 13.2% (cancer of rectum) lies in the fact that 82.5% of those who died postoperatively were beyond the age of 60, and 40.5% beyond 70 years at the time of surgery. Moreover, in 50.5% advanced tumors with regional and/or distant metastases were found. In 55.5% severe preoperative complications (ileus: 38%, peritonitis: 11%, abscess formation or hemorrhage: 6.5%) required an emergency operation. Only 38.5% of the procedures were considered for cure. Besides the need for early recognition of the cancer, intensification of pre- and postoper treatment appears to be the predominant task in the effort to decrease postoperative mortality.
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PMID:[Analysis of postoperative deaths in colon and rectal cancer (author's transl)]. 84 78


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