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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of pituitary adenoma secreting more than two hormones is presented. Morphological findings of this tumor have been correlated with biological behavior and with hormonal activity.
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PMID:Pituitary adenomas secreting more than two hormones. 50 93

Not infrequently, it is difficult to differentiate the chiasmal meningioma from other suprasellar tumors, especially pituitary adenoma and craniopharyngioma. Authors examined 7 cases of chiasmal meningioma from neurological, endocrinological and neuroradiological points of view in comparison with the cases of pituitary adenoma and craniopharyngioma. As the results, the following features can be regarded as the differential characteristics of the chiasmal meningioma. 1) It was predominated in female of over 40 years of age. 2) Duration of the symptoms before admission was usually 2--3 years. 3) Disturbance of visual acuity and defect of visual field were initially unilateral in most of the cases, then extended to the other side when the disturbance of one eye had become severe. Visual field defect tended to be of irregular bitemporal hemianopsia with frequent involvement of peripheral nasal field. 4) Evidence of the endocrine disturbance were very scanty until the end stage. 5) Postero-superior elevation of A1 portion of the anterior cerebral artery in the tuberculum sellae meningioma was one of the pathognomonic features. 6) In the case of meningioma extending from tuberculum sellae to dorsum sellae or originated from dorsum sellae, PEG showed a finding of "capping on the dorsum sellae" and the tumor shadow over the posterior clinoid process took different feature from pituitary adenoma or craniopharyngioma.
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PMID:[Diagnosis of the chiasmal meningioma (author's transl)]. 52 52

The utility of diagnostic tests for pituitary adenoma was compared in 12 patients. Endocrine and radiologic studies were always abnormal, even when neuro-ophthalmologic tests were normal. In most cases, both tomography of the sella turcica and CT scan revealed a mass in the region of the sella turcica. For more precise definition of suprasellar extension of the mass, metrizamide CT cisternography or tomographic pneumoencephalography with metrizamide provided similar details, although CT cisternography was much more easily done. Angiography provides a means to exclude an aneurysm or vascular malformation, a vascular tumor, or an aberrant course of the internal carotid artery.
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PMID:Diagnostic approaches to pituitary adenomas. 57 Oct 59

PRL was measured radioimmunologically in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples obtained simultaneously in 31 patients with various neurological or infectious, but non-endocrine diseases (group A), 12 patients (7 pregnant women and 5 newborns) with physiological hyperprolactinemia (group B),10 psychiatric patients with pharmacologically induced hyperprolactinemia (group C) 12 normoprolactinemic patients with pituitary adenoma and suprasellar extension (SSE) (group D), And 14 hyperprolactinemic patients with pituitary adenoma with and without SSE (group E). Plasma PRL and CSF PRL concentrations (ng/ml, mean and range in brackets) of the various groups were: group A, 6.2 (1.3-14.5) and 1.3 (0.6-4.7); group B, 85.2 (31-200) and 13.2 (3-28); group C, 54.3 (3.5-160) and 6.5 (0.7-18); group D, 17.2 (5.4-30) and 9.7 (2.7-34); and group E, 2,529 (115-10,000) and 1,449 (6-13,000). The plasma to CSF concentration ratios (mean and range in brackets) were: group A, 5.2 (1.4-13.0); group B, 7.0 (2.9-10.3); group C, 7.3( 3.9-11.3); group D, 2.6 (0.9-7.1); and group E, 10.9 (0.2-34.9). The ratio was greater than 3 in 87% of the non-tumor patients; in 42% of the tumor patients the ratio was less than 3. The correlation between plasma and CSF PRL levels of all 53 subjects without a pituitary tumor (groups A, B, and C) was positive (r=0.9097; P=0.00001); in the 26 tumor patients (groups D and E) the correlation was also positive (r=0.7141; P=0.00002). These results indicate that 1) PRL is a normal constituent of CSF, 2) the CSF PRL level is a function of the plasma level, 3) detectable, or even high, CSF PRL levels per se are not indicative in the presence of a pituitary tumor, with or without SSE, and 4) abnormally low ratios may be found in patients with a pituitary tumor with SSE.
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PMID:Prolactin in human cerebrospinal fluid. 57 80

Invasive pituitary adenoma was diagnosed by means of a transnasal aspiration biopsy method in 11 patients with extensive destruction of bone in the sellar region. In most cases the initial symptoms were decrease of libido and potency or amenorrhea-galactorrhea. Later, chiasmatic compression developed in six patients, ocular motor signs in two, and epilepsy in two. Most of the patients had symptoms for many years; in two, the tumor was discovered by chance. They all had very high serum-prolactin values. The patients were treated with irradiation, and the prognosis seems to be relatively favorable.
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PMID:The invasive pituitary adenoma. A prolactin-producing tumor. 58 94

Pituitary apoplexy, characterized by sudden onset or acute progression of signs and symptoms of pituitary adenoma, is rare yet well-known. One such case is presented with clinical course, neuroradiological findings and autopsy. A 53-year-old female complained of sudden onset of severe headache, and rapidly deteriorated in the level of consciousness. Five days later, she became comatose and was admitted to National Sendai Hospital. Plain skull films and carotid angiograms revealed a remarkably large mass in the pituitary fossa. Death came ten hours after admission. Autopsy revealed a giant tumor (10 X 5 X 7.5 cm) destroying the sella turcica and protruding toward both the nasopharyngeal cavity and the hypothalamic region. Microscopically, diagnosis was made as chromophobe adenoma with fresh hemorrhage in the tumor.
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PMID:[Pituitary apoplexy of giant pituitary adenoma--case report (author's transl)]. 59 22

A case of pituitary adenoma operated on under hemodialysis was reported. The patient was a 43-year-old male who had been obliged to hemodialysis since April 1975 because of chronic renal failure. He was admitted in February 21, 1976 because of progressive visual symptoms. Neurological examination revealed decreased visual acuity and bitemporal hemianopsia. Radiology showed enlarged sella turcica and calcified mass in the suprasellar region. Laboratory examination disclosed severe anemia and the operation was postponed until the hematocrit improved up to 39% by blood transfusion. The operation was performed in March 17, 1976 under conventional GOF anesthesia. The tumor was covered by a calcified capsule and after nibbling off the calcified covering, the tumor was removed. Postoperative course was uneventful. Peritoneal dialysis was continued for three days immediately after operation. Urinary volume of the patient increased up to 600 ml per day after operation, probably due to the postoperative diabetes insipidus. The diabetes insipidus was rather favorable sequela in this case because the patient was released from the severe restriction of water intake.
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PMID:[Intracranial surgery under hemodialysis (author's transl)]. 63 44

A patient, 38-year-old man, with hemorrhage into a prolactin-secreting pituitary adenoma, or pituitary apoplexy, is reported. On his admission, clinical examinations revealed typical stigmata indicating that he suffered from an acute attack of pituitary apoplexy probably induced by acute meningitis. He survived the acute attack and recovered spontaneously without an urgent operation. Although there was no suspicious sign and symptom of hypopituitarism, the first study performed immediately after the attack suggested strongly that hypopituitarism might acutely developed during the hemorrhage into the tumor. Moreover, the follow-up studies indicated that TSH, LH and ADH recovered spontaneously from the initial damage following the resorption of hemorrhage for the next 3 months.
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PMID:A case of pituitary apoplexy with spontaneous recovery. 68 74

Computer assisted tomography (CAT) data from 10 patients with histologically verified primary malignant lymphomas of the brain are reported. Studies both prior to and after contrast medium administration were done on nine patients. In all these patients, tumor nodules presented with slightly increased density in the precontrast scan and considerable contrast enhancement. The appearance of malignant lymphomas in the CAT scan may be similar to that of meningiomas. Pituitary adenoma, medulloblastoma, and metastasis of malignant melanoma may not be ruled out in a particular case from the CAT picture alone. Blurred margin of the tumor after contrast enhancement was found in half the patients. Diffusely growing malignant lymphomas produce low density areas in the CAT scan without contrast medium uptake.
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PMID:Computer assisted tomography in primary malignant lymphomas of the brain. 70 96

An unusual case of acute bilateral loss of vision simulating pituitary apoplexy but due instead to a fatal hemorrhage into a hypothalamic glioma is reported. The clinician dealing with abrupt loss of vision must promptly rule out ocular and orbital causes and then proceed immediately to a consideration of the variety of intracranial lesions which may cause sudden visual loss. Uihlein and Rucker have listed them in descending order of frequency: pituitary adenoma, tumors of the optic nerve and chiasm, supraclinoid aneurysm, parasellar lesion, thrombosis of the carotid artery, hydrocephalus of the third ventricle, chiasmal arachnoiditis, fracture of the anterior cranial fossa, basofrontal tumor of the skull, and pseudotumor cerebri. Neurologic, ophthalmologic, and neuroradiologic evaluations should be obtained without delay and will usually define the lesion and point to the appropriate treatment.
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PMID:Simulated pituitary apoplexy: report of an unusual case due to hemorrhage into hypothalamic astrocytoma. 84 14


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