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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Paragangliomas are rare extra-adrenal neoplasms of neural crest origin. Although most of these lesions are of retroperitoneal origin, paragangliomas have been reported at a host of remote sites, including the urinary bladder, larynx, orbit and lung. In our review of the literature, we discovered only solitary case reports of such neoplasms involving the gallbladder and hepatic duct. We report a case of paraganglioma simultaneously involving the liver, gallbladder and common bile duct, as well as celiac and portal lymph nodes. Our findings add paraganglioma to the list of differential diagnoses for hypervascular portacaval space lesions. Furthermore, the radiographic appearance of this unusual tumor may be sufficiently distinctive to suggest the correct histologic diagnosis preoperatively.
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PMID:Nonfunctioning paraganglioma of the liver, gallbladder and common bile duct. 226 73

Hyalinizing trabecular adenoma of the thyroid gland is an uncommon neoplasm that was recently described by Carney et al. (1987). It is important to recognize this tumor, considered benign, as it may mimic papillary carcinoma, medullary carcinoma or paraganglioma. We present two cases with histological and immunohistochemical criteria and discuss the diagnostic problems. Grossly, this small tumor is yellow tan and well circumscribed. The epithelial cells, polygonal or elongated and sharply outlined, have an eosinophilic or clear cytoplasm. The nuclei are oval or elongated, with often non-visible nucleoli. Grooved nuclei are quite frequent. Mitotic figures are very uncommon. The cells are arranged in clusters or trabeculae or pseudofollicles containing colloid material. Characteristically the cells, arranged shoulder to shoulder, can show a palisade pattern. The fibrovascular stroma appears hyaline, pseudoamyloid (Congo red staining is negative). The tumor cells show intense staining for thyroglobulin and no staining for thyrocalcitonin. Immunoreactivity for cytokeratin, vimentin, protein S100, NSE is positive but staining is negative for EMA and desmin. In one case, the tumor cells show little positivity for chromogranin A. The variable patterns of this tumor can lead to diagnostic problems. We can exclude the diagnosis of papillary carcinoma as this tumor lacks any true papillary architecture. We reject the diagnosis of medullary carcinoma because of its thyroglobulin and calcitonin immunoreactivity. Paraganglioma never shows immunoreactivity for thyroglobulin. Very often the surrounding thyroid tissue shows focal thyroiditis. The association of the tumor with Hashimoto's thyroiditis can be explained by an autoimmune process.
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PMID:[Hyalinizing trabecular adenoma of the thyroid gland. Histologic and immunohistochemical study. Report of 2 cases]. 228 55

A case of incidental Gallbladder Paraganglioma is presented. This is the third case found until now in this organ. The parasympathetic origin of this neoplasm is thus discussed.
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PMID:[Paraganglioma of the gallbladder]. 228 48

Described in this paper are histological, electron-microscopic, and immunocytochemical findings recorded from a duodenal gangliocytic paraganglioma in a 21-year old man. The sessile polypoid tumor consisted of epithelial cells, neuroid spindle cells, and gangliocytic elements. Neurosecretory granules were detected by electron-microscopy in the epithelial cells. The neuroid spindle cells exhibited the ultrastructural feature of Schwann cells. The tumor was immunocytochemically characterized by the S-100-reactivity of the spindle cells and numerous PP-reactive epithelial cells. Gangliocytic paragangliomas of the duodenum are of benign behaviour and should be removed by local excision.
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PMID:[Gangliocytic paraganglioma of the duodenum. Case report with immunocytochemical characterization]. 232 85

Extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma (paraganglioma) arising from periadrenal tissue was diagnosed in an 18-year-old spayed domestic shorthair cat. The tumor was palpable on physical examination, but not apparent on plain radiographs. The cat developed temporary cardiac arrhythmia while the mass was being handled during excision, suggesting that the tumor was functional. The tumor was characterized histologically by nests and sheets of neoplastic cells separated by thin, vascular stroma. The cells had abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm and prominent nuclei. Diffuse, dark, intracytoplasmic granules were seen in sections stained with Grimelius stain. Ultrastructurally, the cells contained round and oblong, membrane-limited, dense core neurosecretory-type granules. Serotonin was detected in the cytoplasm of the neoplastic cells by use of immunocytochemical analysis.
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PMID:Extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma (paraganglioma) in a cat. 237 Feb 6

A prosthesis was designed to protect the intestinal loop from external beam radiation therapy when post-operative radiation is indicated. It is a silicone inflatable balloon, which, when implanted displaces the intestinal loops out of the pelvic irradiation field. The prosthesis can be deflated between each course of irradiation, without surgery. The device has been used in 8 patients: 6 patients with recurrent pelvic tumor (2 rectal cancers, 1 anal cancer, 1 cancer of the endometrium, 1 cervical carcinoma, 1 ovarian carcinoma), 2 patients with primary tumor (1 malignant paraganglioma, 1 cervical carcinoma). Radiotherapy was administered by means of high power appliances. After radiotherapy, the prosthesis was deflated, then removed through a 3 cm incision under local or peridural anesthesia. The tolerance of the small intestine to the radiation therapy has been satisfactory in each case with no bowel injury due to radiation. Therefore, this simple device might be useful to prevent bowel injury during postoperative radiation in the treatment of abdominal and retroperitoneal tumor masses.
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PMID:[New surgical procedure for the protection of the small intestine before postoperative pelvic irradiation]. 237 97

The authors report the clinical, radiological, and pathological findings in three cases of paraganglioma of the cauda equina. In one case, magnetic resonance imaging and neurochemical study results are described. No specific identifying features were encountered either clinically or radiologically that were helpful in making a distinction between this and other more common tumors at this site such as ependymoma or neurofibroma. At surgery, these neoplasms were well-circumscribed red fleshy tumors. Histological examination of one paraganglioma showed a superficial resemblance to ependymoma, and this may be particularly true on initial assessment by frozen section or smear. The use of electron microscopy and immunohistochemical demonstration of synaptophysin in these tumors allowed a confident diagnosis to be made. Neurochemical assessment in one case showed very high levels of serotonin and a turnover of dopamine similar to that of human cerebral cortex. Paraganglioma of the cauda equina is an uncommon tumor with just over 50 cases reported in the world literature. The clinical course of these tumors is benign and they should be completely removed at surgery to prevent later recurrence.
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PMID:Paraganglioma of the cauda equina. Report of three cases. 238 84

The clinical and pathological features of a giant cauda equina paraganglioma arising from the intradural filum terminale is described. Scattered mature large neurons characterized the tumor as a gangliocytic paraganglioma. Histologically, these neoplasms have considerable similarity with ependymoma and the diagnosis can be easily missed unless special techniques are employed.
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PMID:Giant gangliocytic paraganglioma of the filum terminale. Case report. 238 85

Transthyretin (TTR) cDNA probes were used to determine the presence of TTR mRNA in Northern blots from rat, porcine, and human organs as well as from human endocrine tumors. We also used in vitro translation in our study of the human tissues. In accordance with previous findings, TTR mRNA was found in the choroid plexus and, to a lesser extent, in the liver of all three species. In addition low levels of TTR mRNA were identified in the rat and human pancreas. All of the endocrine pancreatic tumors (two glucagonomas, two insulinomas, and one nonfunctional tumor) and the gut carcinoid also contained TTR mRNA, whereas other endocrine tumors (two pheochromocytomas and one paraganglioma) and one adenocarcinoma of the pancreas were TTR mRNA negative. The level of TTR mRNA expression in most of the endocrine pancreatic tumors exceeded that in the liver. The in vitro translations produced pre-TTR molecules of similar size for all TTR mRNA-positive human organs and tumors.
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PMID:Transthyretin messenger ribonucleic acid expression in the pancreas and in endocrine tumors of the pancreas and gut. 240 17

A malignant nonfunctioning paraganglioma of the pelvic retroperitoneum (left external iliac artery) with metastases to the femoral lymph nodes was found in a 68-year-old woman at exploratory laparotomy. Light microscopy showed a typical alveolar pattern with fine vascular stroma. The tumor cells had finely granular eosinophilic cytoplasm and oval to round nuclei with pleomorphism and mitotic figures, Grimelius stain showed no argyrophilic granules, but S 100 protein was demonstrated in the cytoplasm by the PAP method of Sternberger. Formaling fixed tissues were examination by electron microscopy, and dense core granules consistent with neurosecretory granules were found in the cytoplasm of some tumor cells.
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PMID:[Malignant paraganglioma of the peri-iliac artery]. 242 Oct 24


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