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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 10 separate experiments, mice with established chemically induced or UV light-induced skin papillomas were treated continuously with green tea in the drinking water or with i.p. injections of a green tea polyphenol fraction or (-)-epigallocatechin gallate three times a week for 4-10 weeks. Partial tumor regression or > 90% inhibition of tumor growth, as measured by changes in tumor volume per mouse, was observed in 5 experiments, and marked inhibition of tumor growth (46-89%) was observed in 5 additional experiments. Treatment of the mice with green tea or green tea constituents had an inhibitory effect on body weight increases in several but not all of the studies. Examination of the data from all ten experiments revealed that complete tumor regression occurred in 14 of 346 papilloma-bearing mice (4%) that were treated with green tea in the drinking water or with i.p. injections of green tea constituents, whereas none of the 220 papilloma-bearing control mice treated with only vehicle exhibited complete tumor regression. These observations indicate that oral administration of green tea, i.p. administration of a green tea polyphenol fraction, or i.p. administration of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate inhibited the growth and/or caused the regression of established experimentally induced skin papillomas.
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PMID:Inhibitory effect of green tea on the growth of established skin papillomas in mice. 142 10

The effects of oral administration of nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), an antioxidant and inhibitor of arachidonic acid metabolism, on rat bladder carcinogenesis were examined. Six-week-old male Fischer 344 rats were given drinking water containing 0.05% N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine for 4 weeks. Following this 4-week period, diet containing 5% sodium saccharin (SS) with or without 0.1% NDGA supplement was given to the rats for 36 weeks. The incidences of papillary or nodular (PN) hyperplasia and of papilloma in the group treated with SS plus NDGA were significantly lower than those in the group treated with SS alone. The number of PN hyperplasic foci per 10 cm of basement membrane in rats treated with SS plus NDGA was also lower than that in the group treated with SS alone. These results suggest that NDGA has an anti-tumor-promoting effect on rat bladder carcinogenesis.
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PMID:Anti-promoting effect of nordihydroguaiaretic acid on N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine and sodium saccharin-induced rat urinary bladder carcinogenesis. 142 4

A total of 178 patients with grade 1 noninvasive (stage Ta) bladder tumors followed from 1 to 10 years (median 58 months) was prospectively evaluated by cystoscopy, transurethral resection, mucosal biopsies, cytology, size and number of tumors at diagnosis, recurrences, progression in grade and stage, number of negative or positive cystoscopies and death from all causes. Histopathological and cytological studies were confirmed by a Central Pathology Laboratory using the criteria for grade 1 as described previously. Of the patients 122 (68.5%) had a single tumor. Three-quarters of the patients had tumors of less than 2 cm., 95% had mild or no urothelial dysplasia and 1 had positive cytology results. There were 419 recurrent tumors in 109 patients (61%). Patients with multiple tumors were at a significantly greater risk for recurrences (p < 0.001). Size of tumor significantly affected the rate of recurrence in the first 2 years after initial diagnosis in single tumor patients only. Of the multiple tumor patients 90% experienced a recurrence compared to 46% of the single tumor patients. Of the 1,112 cystoscopies performed in 122 single tumor patients 18% were positive, compared to 33% of the 686 cystoscopies performed in 56 multiple tumor patients. A total of 29 patients had a change in grade, 5 having grade 3 and 24 having grade 2 tumors. Progression to stage T1 occurred in 5 patients and to stage T2 or greater in 3. Of the 36 patients who died, 1 died of obstruction due to bladder cancer. Experimental evidence supports the opinion that the cells of stage Ta, grade 1 tumors are different in several ways from normal urothelium. There are little data to support the use of the term papilloma to describe stage Ta, grade 1 tumors without reservation. The data demonstrate that the tumor diathesis being expressed ceases with time and for unknown reasons. Multiple tumor patients with stage Ta, grade 1 disease might be included in chemotherapy trials only with stratification and a control arm of transurethral resection/fulguration alone.
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PMID:Treated history of noninvasive grade 1 transitional cell carcinoma. The National Bladder Cancer Group. 143 40

In a retrospective study of 38 adolescent females operated on for mammary masses, 42 fibroadenomata (FA), 2 fibrous scars around abscesses, and one papilloma were found. All were postmenarchal. Clinical and pathological features were reviewed and the patients reexamined or interviewed. FA were mostly asymptomatic and removed a few weeks after incidental discovery. They were often seen in Jewish girls of parents born in North Africa and the Middle East, and were more frequently located in the outer superior quadrant of the left breast. New FA appeared in almost half of the cases later on in the same breast, as well as in the other breast, or bilaterally. Necrosis occurred in three FA and was unrelated to the size of the tumor. There was no correlation between the size of FA, multiplicity, or necrosis, nor between increased stromal or epithelial atypia, cellularity, or mitotic activity. One explanation for the high rate of multiplicity might be related to this neoplasm occurring in an actively developing organ under hormonal control. There was no increased breast carcinoma apparent in the family history. Therefore, except in cases of fast-growing tumors, a conservative approach is recommended because of the frequency of multiple FA as well as aesthetical postoperative complications.
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PMID:Breast masses in adolescent females. 143 42

The role of echography in the diagnosis of gallbladder tumors was investigated. Benign tumors (papilloma and adenoma) were diagnosed in 2 patients and carcinoma in 18 subjects. This technique failed to diagnose carcinoma in 2 patients. Two more procedures had false-positive results (in one patient multiple clots in the dramatically enlarged bladder were taken for the tumor while ++post-inflammatory granulation in the other patient was mistaken for the tumor as well). Echographical signs of gallbladder tumors were presented, as were the criteria permitting one to differentiate carcinoma from other pathological formations in the gallbladder (echogenic bile, cholesterol polyps, cholecystitis, adenomyomatosis). High informative value of echographic investigation in the diagnosis of gallbladder tumors was noted.
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PMID:[Ultrasonographic diagnosis of tumors of the gallbladder]. 146 Aug 25

A clinico-pathological study was conducted on 9 cases with inverted papilloma of the urinary bladder. 1. Clinical study: The incidence of inverted papillomas, when compared with transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder, was much higher in men than in women in our study and in the literature dealing with this subject as well. Eight of 9 inverted papillomas were localized in the bladder neck. Cystoscopic examination revealed that all tumors were pedunculated and 8 of the 9 tumors had non-papillary surfaces. These clinical findings suggest that inverted papillomas localized in the bladder neck are very similar to posterior urethral polyps with prostatic type epithelium. Transurethral resection (TUR) was performed in all cases. Recurrence was not observed. 2. Pathological study: Inverted papillomas were classified into two types according to their histological patterns, determined by Hematoxylin-Eosin (H-E) staining. One pattern was glandular and the another was trabecular. Of the 9 cases, 2 were glandular, 5 were trabecular and the remaining 2 were a mixed type. Immunohistochemical staining with anti-prostate specific antigen antibody revealed 3 of the 9 tumors were stained positively, and these tumors were classified a glandular type. Inverted papilloma were classified into two patterns according to their histological patterns, determined by immunohistochemical staining with anti-keratin antibody, namely a bladder tumor pattern and a urethral tumor pattern. Inverted papillomas with a urethral tumor pattern were of the glandular type and included anti-PSA antibody positive staining tumors. These findings suggest that a portion of inverted papillomas may have arisen from neoplastic transformation of prostatic tissue.
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PMID:[A clinico-pathological study of inverted papilloma of the urinary bladder. Analysis of histogenesis]. 147 12

Flow-cytometric (FCM) DNA analysis was performed in 534 samples from 140 bladder tumor cases and was compared with histopathological findings. Frequency of DNA aneuploidy was closely correlated with tumor grade. Namely the incidences of DNA aneuploidy were 20% in grade 0 (papilloma), 25.6% in grade 1, 57.7% in grade 2 and 95.7% in grade 3. Invasive tumors showed a significantly higher incidence of DNA aneuploidy than superficial papillary tumors. Frequency of DNA aneuploidy of CIS was between them. Nonpapillary tumors showed a significantly higher incidence of DNA aneuploidy than papillary tumors. Tumors with vessel invasion did show a similarly higher incidence than those without. Approximately 10% of histologically normal mucosa taken from the bladder tumor patients showed DNA aneuploidy. The present study could support possibilities that FCM findings were highly correlated with tumor malignant potentials and were also able to predict precancerous lesions on histologically normal mucosa.
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PMID:Flow-cytometric deoxyribonucleic acid analysis of the human bladder cancers with reference to histopathological findings. 147 32

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) inhibits proliferation of normal keratinocytes, and this response is retained, to variable extents, in benign tumors of the skin (S. Haddow, D. J. Fowlis, K. Parkinson, R. J. Akhurst, and A. Balmain, Oncogene, 6: 1465-1470, 1991). To investigate the profile of TGF-beta biosynthesis during various stages of chemical carcinogenesis of the skin, we used a combination of ribonuclease protection assay, in situ hybridization with gene-specific probes for TGF-beta 1, -beta 2, and -beta 3, and immunohistochemistry with isoform-specific antibodies against TGF-beta 1. Following 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate treatment of adult mouse skin, there was a rapid induction of TGF-beta 1 protein. Intracellular TGF-beta 1 protein was localized to suprabasal keratinocytes, and the extracellular form was localized predominantly to the dermis. Despite ubiquitous induction of TGF-beta 1 protein by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in various mouse strains, we noted strain-specific differences in the quantitative induction of TGF-beta 1 RNA. Papillomas and carcinomas induced in vivo had elevated levels of TGF-beta 1 RNA within the basal keratinocyte compartment but did not contain significant levels of TGF-beta 1 protein within the tumor. We postulate that the tumor evades TGF-beta 1-controlled negative growth regulation by altered translational and/or posttranslational processing mechanisms of this growth factor. Levels of TGF-beta 2 and -beta 3 RNA were not elevated at any stage of chemical carcinogenesis of the skin.
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PMID:Discordant transforming growth factor beta 1 RNA and protein localization during chemical carcinogenesis of the skin. 150 19

The availability of a skin grafting system on nude mouse hosts and of epidermal cell lines which form papillomas when grafted has made possible the creation of a model for initiated skin in vivo from cultured cells. When grafted with 6-8 x 10(6) primary dermal fibroblasts, 10 x 10(6) primary epidermal cells form an apparently normal skin, and cell line SP-1 (0.5 x 10(6) cells) forms papillomas. Cell line SP-1 was derived from papillomas produced on SENCAR mice by initiation with 7,12-dimethylbenzaadaa]anthracene and promotion with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. Grafting of 0.5 x 10(6) SP-1 cells along with 10 x 10(6) SENCAR newborn primary epidermal cells resulted in a 90% reduction in the average papilloma volume per mouse compared to controls without primary epidermal cells. Suppression occurred specifically with epidermal cells, either cultured or freshly prepared, and was not seen when an equivalent number of SENCAR primary dermal fibroblasts was grafted in place of epidermal cells. Nor did suppression occur when primary epidermal cells were replaced with a carcinogen-altered cell line, SCR722. SCR722 cells have a normal-skin phenotype when grafted. Furthermore, suppression of tumor formation did not occur when a malignant variant of SP-1 cells replaced benign SP-1 cells in grafts. Repeated treatment of suppressed grafts with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate resulted in an increased number of mice with papillomas and a larger mean papilloma volume per mouse compared to controls treated with solvent alone, whereas treatment of nonsuppressed grafts of papilloma cells with promoter produced no change in tumor size. These results support the concepts that normal epidermal cells suppress the growth of initiated cells and that repeated treatment with phorbol ester tumor promoters overcomes the suppression, leading to benign tumor formation.
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PMID:A model for initiated mouse skin: suppression of papilloma but not carcinoma formation by normal epidermal cells in grafts on athymic nude mice. 154 Sep 51

The occurrence of fibroelastic papilloma arising in a Chiari network in an 85-year-old man is described. Occurrence of this tumor in this location has not been previously reported, and should be added to the differential diagnosis of intracardiac masses arising in the right atrium.
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PMID:Fibroelastic papilloma arising in a Chiari network. 154 Oct 75


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